Edited by Scott Shane, SBC Professor of Economics, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University, US

'This carefully assembled collection contains all the key articles needed for theoretical insight into the factors that influence entrepreneurship. It is an important set of readings for any program of study in entrepreneurship which calls for theoretical understanding of the phenomenon.'

• Contents:Volume IAcknowledgementsIntroduction Scott ShanePART IOVERVIEW OF THE FIELD 1. Scott Shane and S. Venkataraman (2000), ‘The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research’2. S. Venkataraman (1997), ‘The Distinctive Domain of Entrepreneurship Research’PART IITHE ENTREPRENEURIAL PROCESS3. Frank H. Knight (1964), ‘Theories of Profit; Change and Risk in Relation to Profit’, ‘Structures and Methods for Meeting Uncertainty’ and ‘Enterprise and Profit’4. Joseph A. Schumpeter (1961), in The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle5. Joseph A. Schumpeter (1976), ‘The Process of Creative Destruction’PART IIITHE EXISTENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES6. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Purposeful Innovation and the Seven Sources for Innovative Opportunity’7. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: The Unexpected’8. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Incongruities’9. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Process Need’10. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Industry and Market Structures’11. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Demographics’12. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Changes in Perception’13. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: New Knowledge’14. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘The Bright Idea’15. Alvin K. Klevorick, Richard C. Levin, Richard R. Nelson and Sidney G. Winter (1995), ‘On the Sources and Significance of Interindustry Differences in Technological Opportunities’16. Israel M. Kirzner (1997), ‘Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach’PART IVTHE DISCOVERY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES 17. F.A. Hayek (1945), ‘The Use of Knowledge in Society’18. Scott Shane (2000), ‘Prior Knowledge and the Discovery of Entrepreneurial Opportunities’19. Lowell W. Busenitz and Jay B. Barney (1997), ‘Differences Between Entrepreneurs and Managers in Large Organizations: Biases and Heuristics in Strategic Decision-Making’20. D.K. Sarasvathy, Herbert A. Simon and Lester Lave (1998), ‘Perceiving and Managing Business Risks: Differences Between Entrepreneurs and Bankers’PART VHUMAN EXPERIENCE AND THE DECISION TO EXPLOIT 21. Raphael Amit, Eitan Muller and Iain Cockburn (1995), ‘Opportunity Costs and Entrepreneurial Activity’22. David S. Evans and Linda S. Leighton (1989), ‘Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship’23. Glenn R. Carroll and Elaine Mosakowski (1987), ‘The Career Dynamics of Self-Employment’PART VITHE NATURE OF THE ENTREPRENEUR AND THE DECISION TO EXPLOIT 24. Richard E. Kihlstrom and Jean-Jacques Laffont (1979), ‘A General Equilibrium Entrepreneurial Theory of Firm Formation Based on Risk Aversion’25. David C. McClelland (1961), ‘Entrepreneurial Behavior’ and ‘Characteristics of Entrepreneurs’26. Kelly G. Shaver and Linda R. Scott (1991), ‘Person, Process, Choice: The Psychology of New Venture Creation’Name IndexVolume II AcknowledgementsAn introduction by the editor to both volumes appears in Volume IPART ITHE LOCUS OF EXPLOITATION 1. Wesley M. Cohen and Richard C. Levin (1989), ‘Empirical Studies of Innovation and Market Structure’2. David J. Teece (1986), ‘Profiting from Technological Innovation: Implications for Integration, Collaboration, Licensing and Public Policy’3. Bengt Holmstrom (1989), ‘Agency Costs and Innovation’PART IIENTREPRENEURSHIP THROUGH MARKET MECHANISMS 4. Kenneth J. Arrow (1962), ‘Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention’5. Mark Casson (1982), ‘The Market for Information’6. David B. Audretsch (1997), ‘Technological Regimes, Industrial Demography and the Evolution of Industrial Structures’PART IIITHE FIRM FORMATION PROCESS 7. William B. Gartner (1985), ‘A Conceptual Framework for Describing the Phenomenon of New Venture Creation’8. Jerome Katz and William B. Gartner (1988), ‘Properties of Emerging Organizations’9. Andrea Larson (1992), ‘Network Dyads in Entrepreneurial Settings: A Study of the Governance of Exchange Relationships’10. Howard E. Aldrich and C. Marlene Fiol (1994), ‘Fools Rush In? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation’PART IVENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON FIRM FORMATION 11. Howard E. Aldrich (1990), ‘Using an Ecological Perspective to Study Organizational Founding Rates’12. William J. Baumol (1990), ‘Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive’13. Richard E. Caves (1998), ‘Industrial Organization and New Findings on the Turnover and Mobility of Firms’14. Sidney G. Winter (1984), ‘Schumpeterian Competition in Alternative Technological Regimes’PART VFINANCIAL RESOURCE ASSEMBLY 15. Kenneth J. Arrow (1974), ‘Insurance, Risk and Resource Allocation’16. David S. Evans and Boyan Jovanovic (1989), ‘An Estimated Model of Entrepreneurial Choice Under Liquidity Constraints’17. William A. Sahlman (1990), ‘The Structure and Governance of Venture-Capital Organizations’18. Raphael Amit, Lawrence Glosten and Eitan Muller (1990), ‘Entrepreneurial Ability, Venture Investments, and Risk Sharing’19. Toby E. Stuart, Ha Hoang and Ralph C. Hybels (1999), ‘Interorganizational Endorsements and the Performance of Entrepreneurial Ventures’PART VIHUMAN RESOURCE ASSEMBLY 20. Jerome A. Katz (1993), ‘The Dynamics of Organizational Emergence: A Contemporary Group Formation Perspective’21. James N. Baron, M. Diane Burton and Michael T. Hannan (1996), ‘The Road Taken: Origins and Evolution of Employment Systems in Emerging Companies’PART VIITHE DESIGN OF NEW ORGANIZATIONS 22. Warren P. Boeker (1988), ‘Organizational Origins: Entrepreneurial and Environmental Imprinting at the Time of Founding’23. James N. Baron, Michael T. Hannan and M. Diane Burton (1999), ‘Building the Iron Cage: Determinants of Managerial Intensity in the Early Years of Organizations’24. Scott A. Shane (1998), ‘Making New Franchise Systems Work’PART VIII THE CREATION OF NEW MARKETS 25. Kenneth J. Arrow (1974), ‘Limited Knowledge and Economic Analysis’26. Eric von Hippel (1988), ‘Users as Innovators’ and ‘Predicting the Source of Innovation: Lead Users’27. Everett M. Rogers (1983), ‘Innovativeness and Adopter Categories’Name Index

Edited by Scott Shane, SBC Professor of Economics, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University, US

'This carefully assembled collection contains all the key articles needed for theoretical insight into the factors that influence entrepreneurship. It is an important set of readings for any program of study in entrepreneurship which calls for theoretical understanding of the phenomenon.'

• Contents:Volume IAcknowledgementsIntroduction Scott ShanePART IOVERVIEW OF THE FIELD 1. Scott Shane and S. Venkataraman (2000), ‘The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research’2. S. Venkataraman (1997), ‘The Distinctive Domain of Entrepreneurship Research’PART IITHE ENTREPRENEURIAL PROCESS3. Frank H. Knight (1964), ‘Theories of Profit; Change and Risk in Relation to Profit’, ‘Structures and Methods for Meeting Uncertainty’ and ‘Enterprise and Profit’4. Joseph A. Schumpeter (1961), in The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle5. Joseph A. Schumpeter (1976), ‘The Process of Creative Destruction’PART IIITHE EXISTENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES6. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Purposeful Innovation and the Seven Sources for Innovative Opportunity’7. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: The Unexpected’8. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Incongruities’9. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Process Need’10. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Industry and Market Structures’11. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Demographics’12. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Changes in Perception’13. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: New Knowledge’14. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘The Bright Idea’15. Alvin K. Klevorick, Richard C. Levin, Richard R. Nelson and Sidney G. Winter (1995), ‘On the Sources and Significance of Interindustry Differences in Technological Opportunities’16. Israel M. Kirzner (1997), ‘Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach’PART IVTHE DISCOVERY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES 17. F.A. Hayek (1945), ‘The Use of Knowledge in Society’18. Scott Shane (2000), ‘Prior Knowledge and the Discovery of Entrepreneurial Opportunities’19. Lowell W. Busenitz and Jay B. Barney (1997), ‘Differences Between Entrepreneurs and Managers in Large Organizations: Biases and Heuristics in Strategic Decision-Making’20. D.K. Sarasvathy, Herbert A. Simon and Lester Lave (1998), ‘Perceiving and Managing Business Risks: Differences Between Entrepreneurs and Bankers’PART VHUMAN EXPERIENCE AND THE DECISION TO EXPLOIT 21. Raphael Amit, Eitan Muller and Iain Cockburn (1995), ‘Opportunity Costs and Entrepreneurial Activity’22. David S. Evans and Linda S. Leighton (1989), ‘Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship’23. Glenn R. Carroll and Elaine Mosakowski (1987), ‘The Career Dynamics of Self-Employment’PART VITHE NATURE OF THE ENTREPRENEUR AND THE DECISION TO EXPLOIT 24. Richard E. Kihlstrom and Jean-Jacques Laffont (1979), ‘A General Equilibrium Entrepreneurial Theory of Firm Formation Based on Risk Aversion’25. David C. McClelland (1961), ‘Entrepreneurial Behavior’ and ‘Characteristics of Entrepreneurs’26. Kelly G. Shaver and Linda R. Scott (1991), ‘Person, Process, Choice: The Psychology of New Venture Creation’Name IndexVolume II AcknowledgementsAn introduction by the editor to both volumes appears in Volume IPART ITHE LOCUS OF EXPLOITATION 1. Wesley M. Cohen and Richard C. Levin (1989), ‘Empirical Studies of Innovation and Market Structure’2. David J. Teece (1986), ‘Profiting from Technological Innovation: Implications for Integration, Collaboration, Licensing and Public Policy’3. Bengt Holmstrom (1989), ‘Agency Costs and Innovation’PART IIENTREPRENEURSHIP THROUGH MARKET MECHANISMS 4. Kenneth J. Arrow (1962), ‘Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention’5. Mark Casson (1982), ‘The Market for Information’6. David B. Audretsch (1997), ‘Technological Regimes, Industrial Demography and the Evolution of Industrial Structures’PART IIITHE FIRM FORMATION PROCESS 7. William B. Gartner (1985), ‘A Conceptual Framework for Describing the Phenomenon of New Venture Creation’8. Jerome Katz and William B. Gartner (1988), ‘Properties of Emerging Organizations’9. Andrea Larson (1992), ‘Network Dyads in Entrepreneurial Settings: A Study of the Governance of Exchange Relationships’10. Howard E. Aldrich and C. Marlene Fiol (1994), ‘Fools Rush In? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation’PART IVENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON FIRM FORMATION 11. Howard E. Aldrich (1990), ‘Using an Ecological Perspective to Study Organizational Founding Rates’12. William J. Baumol (1990), ‘Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive’13. Richard E. Caves (1998), ‘Industrial Organization and New Findings on the Turnover and Mobility of Firms’14. Sidney G. Winter (1984), ‘Schumpeterian Competition in Alternative Technological Regimes’PART VFINANCIAL RESOURCE ASSEMBLY 15. Kenneth J. Arrow (1974), ‘Insurance, Risk and Resource Allocation’16. David S. Evans and Boyan Jovanovic (1989), ‘An Estimated Model of Entrepreneurial Choice Under Liquidity Constraints’17. William A. Sahlman (1990), ‘The Structure and Governance of Venture-Capital Organizations’18. Raphael Amit, Lawrence Glosten and Eitan Muller (1990), ‘Entrepreneurial Ability, Venture Investments, and Risk Sharing’19. Toby E. Stuart, Ha Hoang and Ralph C. Hybels (1999), ‘Interorganizational Endorsements and the Performance of Entrepreneurial Ventures’PART VIHUMAN RESOURCE ASSEMBLY 20. Jerome A. Katz (1993), ‘The Dynamics of Organizational Emergence: A Contemporary Group Formation Perspective’21. James N. Baron, M. Diane Burton and Michael T. Hannan (1996), ‘The Road Taken: Origins and Evolution of Employment Systems in Emerging Companies’PART VIITHE DESIGN OF NEW ORGANIZATIONS 22. Warren P. Boeker (1988), ‘Organizational Origins: Entrepreneurial and Environmental Imprinting at the Time of Founding’23. James N. Baron, Michael T. Hannan and M. Diane Burton (1999), ‘Building the Iron Cage: Determinants of Managerial Intensity in the Early Years of Organizations’24. Scott A. Shane (1998), ‘Making New Franchise Systems Work’PART VIII THE CREATION OF NEW MARKETS 25. Kenneth J. Arrow (1974), ‘Limited Knowledge and Economic Analysis’26. Eric von Hippel (1988), ‘Users as Innovators’ and ‘Predicting the Source of Innovation: Lead Users’27. Everett M. Rogers (1983), ‘Innovativeness and Adopter Categories’Name Index

Edited by Scott Shane, SBC Professor of Economics, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University, US

'This carefully assembled collection contains all the key articles needed for theoretical insight into the factors that influence entrepreneurship. It is an important set of readings for any program of study in entrepreneurship which calls for theoretical understanding of the phenomenon.'

• Contents:Volume IAcknowledgementsIntroduction Scott ShanePART IOVERVIEW OF THE FIELD 1. Scott Shane and S. Venkataraman (2000), ‘The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research’2. S. Venkataraman (1997), ‘The Distinctive Domain of Entrepreneurship Research’PART IITHE ENTREPRENEURIAL PROCESS3. Frank H. Knight (1964), ‘Theories of Profit; Change and Risk in Relation to Profit’, ‘Structures and Methods for Meeting Uncertainty’ and ‘Enterprise and Profit’4. Joseph A. Schumpeter (1961), in The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle5. Joseph A. Schumpeter (1976), ‘The Process of Creative Destruction’PART IIITHE EXISTENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES6. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Purposeful Innovation and the Seven Sources for Innovative Opportunity’7. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: The Unexpected’8. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Incongruities’9. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Process Need’10. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Industry and Market Structures’11. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Demographics’12. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: Changes in Perception’13. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘Source: New Knowledge’14. Peter F. Drucker (1985), ‘The Bright Idea’15. Alvin K. Klevorick, Richard C. Levin, Richard R. Nelson and Sidney G. Winter (1995), ‘On the Sources and Significance of Interindustry Differences in Technological Opportunities’16. Israel M. Kirzner (1997), ‘Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach’PART IVTHE DISCOVERY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES 17. F.A. Hayek (1945), ‘The Use of Knowledge in Society’18. Scott Shane (2000), ‘Prior Knowledge and the Discovery of Entrepreneurial Opportunities’19. Lowell W. Busenitz and Jay B. Barney (1997), ‘Differences Between Entrepreneurs and Managers in Large Organizations: Biases and Heuristics in Strategic Decision-Making’20. D.K. Sarasvathy, Herbert A. Simon and Lester Lave (1998), ‘Perceiving and Managing Business Risks: Differences Between Entrepreneurs and Bankers’PART VHUMAN EXPERIENCE AND THE DECISION TO EXPLOIT 21. Raphael Amit, Eitan Muller and Iain Cockburn (1995), ‘Opportunity Costs and Entrepreneurial Activity’22. David S. Evans and Linda S. Leighton (1989), ‘Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship’23. Glenn R. Carroll and Elaine Mosakowski (1987), ‘The Career Dynamics of Self-Employment’PART VITHE NATURE OF THE ENTREPRENEUR AND THE DECISION TO EXPLOIT 24. Richard E. Kihlstrom and Jean-Jacques Laffont (1979), ‘A General Equilibrium Entrepreneurial Theory of Firm Formation Based on Risk Aversion’25. David C. McClelland (1961), ‘Entrepreneurial Behavior’ and ‘Characteristics of Entrepreneurs’26. Kelly G. Shaver and Linda R. Scott (1991), ‘Person, Process, Choice: The Psychology of New Venture Creation’Name IndexVolume II AcknowledgementsAn introduction by the editor to both volumes appears in Volume IPART ITHE LOCUS OF EXPLOITATION 1. Wesley M. Cohen and Richard C. Levin (1989), ‘Empirical Studies of Innovation and Market Structure’2. David J. Teece (1986), ‘Profiting from Technological Innovation: Implications for Integration, Collaboration, Licensing and Public Policy’3. Bengt Holmstrom (1989), ‘Agency Costs and Innovation’PART IIENTREPRENEURSHIP THROUGH MARKET MECHANISMS 4. Kenneth J. Arrow (1962), ‘Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention’5. Mark Casson (1982), ‘The Market for Information’6. David B. Audretsch (1997), ‘Technological Regimes, Industrial Demography and the Evolution of Industrial Structures’PART IIITHE FIRM FORMATION PROCESS 7. William B. Gartner (1985), ‘A Conceptual Framework for Describing the Phenomenon of New Venture Creation’8. Jerome Katz and William B. Gartner (1988), ‘Properties of Emerging Organizations’9. Andrea Larson (1992), ‘Network Dyads in Entrepreneurial Settings: A Study of the Governance of Exchange Relationships’10. Howard E. Aldrich and C. Marlene Fiol (1994), ‘Fools Rush In? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation’PART IVENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON FIRM FORMATION 11. Howard E. Aldrich (1990), ‘Using an Ecological Perspective to Study Organizational Founding Rates’12. William J. Baumol (1990), ‘Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive’13. Richard E. Caves (1998), ‘Industrial Organization and New Findings on the Turnover and Mobility of Firms’14. Sidney G. Winter (1984), ‘Schumpeterian Competition in Alternative Technological Regimes’PART VFINANCIAL RESOURCE ASSEMBLY 15. Kenneth J. Arrow (1974), ‘Insurance, Risk and Resource Allocation’16. David S. Evans and Boyan Jovanovic (1989), ‘An Estimated Model of Entrepreneurial Choice Under Liquidity Constraints’17. William A. Sahlman (1990), ‘The Structure and Governance of Venture-Capital Organizations’18. Raphael Amit, Lawrence Glosten and Eitan Muller (1990), ‘Entrepreneurial Ability, Venture Investments, and Risk Sharing’19. Toby E. Stuart, Ha Hoang and Ralph C. Hybels (1999), ‘Interorganizational Endorsements and the Performance of Entrepreneurial Ventures’PART VIHUMAN RESOURCE ASSEMBLY 20. Jerome A. Katz (1993), ‘The Dynamics of Organizational Emergence: A Contemporary Group Formation Perspective’21. James N. Baron, M. Diane Burton and Michael T. Hannan (1996), ‘The Road Taken: Origins and Evolution of Employment Systems in Emerging Companies’PART VIITHE DESIGN OF NEW ORGANIZATIONS 22. Warren P. Boeker (1988), ‘Organizational Origins: Entrepreneurial and Environmental Imprinting at the Time of Founding’23. James N. Baron, Michael T. Hannan and M. Diane Burton (1999), ‘Building the Iron Cage: Determinants of Managerial Intensity in the Early Years of Organizations’24. Scott A. Shane (1998), ‘Making New Franchise Systems Work’PART VIII THE CREATION OF NEW MARKETS 25. Kenneth J. Arrow (1974), ‘Limited Knowledge and Economic Analysis’26. Eric von Hippel (1988), ‘Users as Innovators’ and ‘Predicting the Source of Innovation: Lead Users’27. Everett M. Rogers (1983), ‘Innovativeness and Adopter Categories’Name Index