Phase Transformations in Steels

Elena Pereloma is Professor of Physical Metallurgy and Director of the BlueScope Steel Metallurgy Centre at the University of Wollongong, Australia. David V. Edmonds is Emeritus Professor of Metallurgy at University of Leeds, UK. Both have made major contributions to steel research.

"The two volumes represent a thorough study on this subject...gives a better understanding on microstructural and mechanical behavior of steels, predict their lifetime evolution and act to prevent material degradation and significant environmental impacts."--International Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol 70, Issue 2-13A new and comprehensive book on phase transformations is both timely and welcome… The various chapters bring nicely up-to-date the vast knowledge of steel transformations in the literature., Professor Ted Massalski, Carnegie Mellon University, USA (from the Foreword)

• Contributor contact detailsForewordIntroductionPart I: Diffusionless transformationsChapter 1: Crystallography of martensite transformations in steelsAbstract:1.1 Introduction1.2 Martensite transformations in steels1.3 Phenomenological theory of martensite crystallography (PTMC)1.4 The post phenomenological theory of martensite crystallography (PTMC) period1.5 Strain energy – the Eshelby/Christian model and the infinitesimal deformation (ID) approach1.6 Interfacial dislocation models1.7 Future trends1.8 ConclusionsChapter 2: Morphology and substructure of martensite in steelsAbstract:2.1 Morphology and crystallographic features of martensite in ferrous alloys2.2 Morphology and substructure of lath martensite2.3 Morphology and substructure of lenticular martensite2.4 Morphology and substructure of thin plate martensite2.5 ConclusionsChapter 3: Kinetics of martensite transformations in steelsAbstract:3.1 Introduction3.2 Mechanism and kinetics of martensitic transformation3.3 Mechanically induced transformations3.4 Transformation plasticity constitutive relations and applications3.5 ConclusionsChapter 4: Shape memory in ferrous alloysAbstract:4.1 Introduction4.2 Fe-Pt alloys4.3 Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-C alloys4.4 Fe-Ni-Co-based alloys4.5 Austenitic stainless steels with low stacking fault energy (SFE)4.6 Fe-Mn-based alloys4.7 Summary4.8 AcknowledgementsChapter 5: Tempering of martensite in carbon steelsAbstract:5.1 Introduction5.2 Martensitic microstructures prior to tempering heat treatments5.3 Classification of aging and tempering stages: general considerations5.4 Changes in martensitic fine structure due to aging5.5 The stages of tempering5.6 ConclusionsPart II: Phase transformations in high strength steelsChapter 6: Phase transformations in microalloyed high strength low alloy (HSLA) steelsAbstract:6.1 Introduction to microalloyed high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels6.2 Brief historical review of the development of microalloyed steels6.3 Solubility of microalloying elements in austenite and ferrite6.4 Precipitation6.5 Effects of microalloying on transformation kinetics6.6 Phase transformations during high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels processing6.7 Controlled processed ferrite/bainite and acicular ferrite steels6.8 Conclusions and future trends6.9 AcknowledgementsChapter 7: Phase transformations in transformation induced plasticity (TRIP)-assisted multiphase steelsAbstract:7.1 Introduction7.2 Historical perspectives on the emergence of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP)-assisted multiphase steels7.3 Influence of parameters of the thermomechanical process on the formation of multiphase microstructures containing retained austenite7.4 Conclusion and future trendsChapter 8: Phase transformations in quenched and partitioned steelsAbstract:8.1 Introduction to the quenching and partitioning concept8.2 Microstructure development fundamentals and alloy designs8.3 Mechanical behavior, potential applications, and implementation status8.4 ConclusionsChapter 9: Phase transformations in advanced bainitic steelsAbstract:9.1 Introduction9.2 Design of third generation of advanced high strength steels9.3 Carbide-free bainitic steels: a material ready for the nanocentury9.4 Conclusions and future trends9.5 AcknowledgementChapter 10: Phase transformations in high manganese twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steelsAbstract:10.1 Introduction10.2 Fe-Mn-X alloys10.3 Strain-induced twinning10.4 Twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) industrialization10.5 Conclusions10.6 AcknowledgementsChapter 11: Phase transformations in maraging steelsAbstract:11.1 State of the art of ultra high strength steels11.2 Types of maraging steels11.3 Microstructure and precipitates in maraging steels11.4 Reverted austenite and mechanical properties11.5 Evolution of precipitates and the overall process11.6 Precipitation kinetic theory in Fe-12Ni-6Mn maraging type alloy11.7 Research trendsPart III: Modelling phase transformationsChapter 12: First principles in modelling phase transformations in steelsAbstract:12.1 Introduction12.2 Ab initio description of phase stability of pure iron12.3 Ab initio phase stability of iron carbides12.4 Substitutional alloying elements12.5 Ab initio description of diffusivity in bcc Fe12.6 Future trendsChapter 13: Phase field modelling of phase transformations in steelsAbstract:13.1 Introduction13.2 Phase field methodology13.3 Austenite formation13.4 Austenite decomposition13.5 Future trendsChapter 14: Molecular dynamics modeling of martensitic transformations in steelsAbstract:14.1 Introduction14.2 Interatomic interaction potentials14.3 Martensitic transformations in iron: case studies14.4 Transformations in ferrous nanosystems14.5 Conclusions and future trends14.6 AcknowledgementChapter 15: Neural networks modeling of phase transformations in steelsAbstract:15.1 Introduction15.2 Essence of the method15.3 On the quest of critical temperatures15.4 Determining microstructural parameters15.5 Development of continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams15.6 Conclusions and future trendsPart IV: Advanced analytical techniques for studying phase transformations in steelsChapter 16: Application of modern transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to the study of phase transformations in steelsAbstract:16.1 Introduction16.2 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) sample preparation16.3 Conventional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) of steels16.4 Modern transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of steels16.5 In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM)16.6 Future trends: emerging transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques16.8 ConclusionsChapter 17: Atom probe tomography for studying phase transformations in steelsAbstract:17.1 Introduction17.2 Outline of the technique17.3 Specimen requirements17.4 Recent developments17.5 Interpretation of data17.6 Characterizing and understanding phase transformations in various steels17.7 Future trends17.8 Conclusion17.9 AcknowledgmentsChapter 18: Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques for studying phase transformations in steelsAbstract:18.1 Introduction18.2 Fundamentals of the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique18.3 The current standard of 2D electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) applications18.4 3D electron backscatter diffraction (3D-EBSD)18.5 Conclusions and future development of the techniqueChapter 19: Application of synchrotron and neutron scattering techniques for tracking phase transformations in steelsAbstract:19.1 Introduction19.2 X-ray and neutron scattering techniques19.3 Measurements of phase transformation in steels19.4 Conclusions and future trends19.5 AcknowledgementsIndex