Ole Kristian Fauchald is Professor of Law at the Department of Public and International Law, University of Oslo. André Nollkaemper is Professor of Public International Law and Director of the Amsterdam Center for International Law, University of Amsterdam.

The subject matter addressed in this edited volume is timely as international and national courts increasingly apply international law... This book provides a rich and complex survey of how fragmentation in international law is being countered (or not) by international and national courts through a wide variety of ways and means. It is important to note that it reads more as a series of substantive case-studies than as a comprehensive analysis of fundamental normative questions – a point which the editors acknowledge. This is understandable given that further scholarship, especially on the normative and empirical aspects, on the role of international and national courts in relation to fragmentation needs to be undertaken, and I believe that this book has contributed in no small way toward that effort.

• Part One International Courts 1 Introduction 2 One Law to Rule Them All: Should International Courts Be Viewed as Guardians of Procedural Order and Legal Uniformity? Yuval Shany3 Customary Rules of Interpretation in the Practice of WTO Dispute Settlement Bodies Lukasz Gruszczynski4 IMF-WTO Interaction: Institutional, Jurisdictional and Procedural Aspects Claus D Zimmermann5 Sources of Law and Arbitral Interpretations of Pari Materia Investment Protection Rules Martins Paparinskis6 The ECHR and its Normative Environment: Difficulties Arising from a Regional Human Rights Court's Approach to Systemic Integration Ragnar NordeidePart Two National Courts 7 The Systemic Integration of International Law by DomesticCourts: Domestic Judges as Architects of the Consistency of the International Legal Order Jean d'Aspremont8 Legal Integration through Judicial Dialogue Tor-Inge Harbo9 Judicial Dialogue in Multi-level Governance: The Impact of the Solange Argument Antonios Tzanakopoulos10 Flux and Fragmentation in the International Law of State Jurisdiction: The Synecdochal Example of Canada's Domestic Court Conflicts over Accountability for International Human Rights Violations Robert J Currie and Hugh M Kindred11 Immunities and Human Rights: Dissecting the Dialogue in National and International Courts Philippa Webb12 Transjudicial Dialogue and Consistency in Human Rights Jurisprudence: A Case Study on Diplomatic Assurances against Torture Aristoteles Constantinides13 Racial Discrimination in Japan: Unity, Diversity and International Law Timothy Webster14 Subtle but Enduring – The Role of Domestic Courts in the Shaping of International Economic Law through Proper Interpretation of Domestic Law: The WTO Agreement before Swiss Courts Andreas R Ziegler15 Conclusions Ole Kristian Fauchald and André Nollkaemper

Ole Kristian Fauchald is Professor of Law at the Department of Public and International Law, University of Oslo. André Nollkaemper is Professor of Public International Law and Director of the Amsterdam Center for International Law, University of Amsterdam.

The subject matter addressed in this edited volume is timely as international and national courts increasingly apply international law... This book provides a rich and complex survey of how fragmentation in international law is being countered (or not) by international and national courts through a wide variety of ways and means. It is important to note that it reads more as a series of substantive case-studies than as a comprehensive analysis of fundamental normative questions – a point which the editors acknowledge. This is understandable given that further scholarship, especially on the normative and empirical aspects, on the role of international and national courts in relation to fragmentation needs to be undertaken, and I believe that this book has contributed in no small way toward that effort.

• Part One International Courts 1 Introduction 2 One Law to Rule Them All: Should International Courts Be Viewed as Guardians of Procedural Order and Legal Uniformity? Yuval Shany3 Customary Rules of Interpretation in the Practice of WTO Dispute Settlement Bodies Lukasz Gruszczynski4 IMF-WTO Interaction: Institutional, Jurisdictional and Procedural Aspects Claus D Zimmermann5 Sources of Law and Arbitral Interpretations of Pari Materia Investment Protection Rules Martins Paparinskis6 The ECHR and its Normative Environment: Difficulties Arising from a Regional Human Rights Court's Approach to Systemic Integration Ragnar NordeidePart Two National Courts 7 The Systemic Integration of International Law by DomesticCourts: Domestic Judges as Architects of the Consistency of the International Legal Order Jean d'Aspremont8 Legal Integration through Judicial Dialogue Tor-Inge Harbo9 Judicial Dialogue in Multi-level Governance: The Impact of the Solange Argument Antonios Tzanakopoulos10 Flux and Fragmentation in the International Law of State Jurisdiction: The Synecdochal Example of Canada's Domestic Court Conflicts over Accountability for International Human Rights Violations Robert J Currie and Hugh M Kindred11 Immunities and Human Rights: Dissecting the Dialogue in National and International Courts Philippa Webb12 Transjudicial Dialogue and Consistency in Human Rights Jurisprudence: A Case Study on Diplomatic Assurances against Torture Aristoteles Constantinides13 Racial Discrimination in Japan: Unity, Diversity and International Law Timothy Webster14 Subtle but Enduring – The Role of Domestic Courts in the Shaping of International Economic Law through Proper Interpretation of Domestic Law: The WTO Agreement before Swiss Courts Andreas R Ziegler15 Conclusions Ole Kristian Fauchald and André Nollkaemper

Ole Kristian Fauchald is Professor of Law at the Department of Public and International Law, University of Oslo. André Nollkaemper is Professor of Public International Law and Director of the Amsterdam Center for International Law, University of Amsterdam.

The subject matter addressed in this edited volume is timely as international and national courts increasingly apply international law... This book provides a rich and complex survey of how fragmentation in international law is being countered (or not) by international and national courts through a wide variety of ways and means. It is important to note that it reads more as a series of substantive case-studies than as a comprehensive analysis of fundamental normative questions – a point which the editors acknowledge. This is understandable given that further scholarship, especially on the normative and empirical aspects, on the role of international and national courts in relation to fragmentation needs to be undertaken, and I believe that this book has contributed in no small way toward that effort.

• Part One International Courts 1 Introduction 2 One Law to Rule Them All: Should International Courts Be Viewed as Guardians of Procedural Order and Legal Uniformity? Yuval Shany3 Customary Rules of Interpretation in the Practice of WTO Dispute Settlement Bodies Lukasz Gruszczynski4 IMF-WTO Interaction: Institutional, Jurisdictional and Procedural Aspects Claus D Zimmermann5 Sources of Law and Arbitral Interpretations of Pari Materia Investment Protection Rules Martins Paparinskis6 The ECHR and its Normative Environment: Difficulties Arising from a Regional Human Rights Court's Approach to Systemic Integration Ragnar NordeidePart Two National Courts 7 The Systemic Integration of International Law by DomesticCourts: Domestic Judges as Architects of the Consistency of the International Legal Order Jean d'Aspremont8 Legal Integration through Judicial Dialogue Tor-Inge Harbo9 Judicial Dialogue in Multi-level Governance: The Impact of the Solange Argument Antonios Tzanakopoulos10 Flux and Fragmentation in the International Law of State Jurisdiction: The Synecdochal Example of Canada's Domestic Court Conflicts over Accountability for International Human Rights Violations Robert J Currie and Hugh M Kindred11 Immunities and Human Rights: Dissecting the Dialogue in National and International Courts Philippa Webb12 Transjudicial Dialogue and Consistency in Human Rights Jurisprudence: A Case Study on Diplomatic Assurances against Torture Aristoteles Constantinides13 Racial Discrimination in Japan: Unity, Diversity and International Law Timothy Webster14 Subtle but Enduring – The Role of Domestic Courts in the Shaping of International Economic Law through Proper Interpretation of Domestic Law: The WTO Agreement before Swiss Courts Andreas R Ziegler15 Conclusions Ole Kristian Fauchald and André Nollkaemper