Economic Theory and the Welfare State

Edited by Nicholas Barr, Professor of Public Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK

• ContentsVolume I: Theory AcknowledgementsIntroduction Nicholas BarrPART ISETTING THE SCENE1. Howard Glennerster (1995), ‘The Life Cycle: Public or Private Concern?’2. Gøsta Esping-Andersen (1996), excerpt from ‘After the Golden Age? Welfare State Dilemmas in a Global Economy’3. Nicholas Barr (1992), ‘Economic Theory and the Welfare State: A Survey and Interpretation’PART IIPOLITICAL AND ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES 4. Lionel Robbins (1938), ‘Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility: A Comment’5. Amartya Sen (1970), ‘The Impossibility of a Paretian Liberal’6. Samuel Brittan (1995), ‘Choice and Utility’7. Samuel Gorovitz (1975), ‘John Rawls: A Theory of Justice’8. F.A. Hayek (1976), excerpt from ‘"Social" or Distributive Justice’9. Julian Le Grand (1984), ‘Equity as an Economic Objective’10. Amartya Sen (1984), ‘Ethical Issues in Income Distribution: National and International’PART IIIACHIEVING EFFICIENCY: THE ROLE OF MARKETS AMarket Success11. Arthur M. Okun (1975), ‘The Case for the Market’BMarket Failure12. Bruce C. Greenwald and Joseph E. Stiglitz (1986), ‘Externalities in Economies with Imperfect Information and Incomplete Markets’13. Kenneth J. Arrow (1963), ‘Uncertainty and the Welfare Economics of Medical Care’14. George A. Akerlof (1970), ‘The Market for "Lemons": Quality, Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism’15. Mark V. Pauly (1974), ‘Overinsurance and Public Provision of Insurance: The Roles of Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection’16. Michael Rothschild and Joseph Stiglitz (1976), ‘Equilibrium in Competitive Insurance Markets: An Essay on the Economics of Imperfect Information’17. Joseph E. Stiglitz (1983), ‘Risk, Incentives and Insurance: The Pure Theory of Moral Hazard’18. Assar Lindbeck (1997), ‘Incentives and Social Norms in Household Behavior’CPublic Choice and Government Failure19. Dennis C. Mueller (1997), ‘Public Choice in Perspective’20. James M. Buchanan (1962), ‘The Relevance of Pareto Optimality’21. Patrick Dunleavy (1985), ‘Bureaucrats, Budgets and the Growth of the State: Reconstructing an Instrumental Model’22. Julian Le Grand (1991), ‘The Theory of Government Failure’PART IVPOVERTY AND INEQUALITY: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES APoverty23. A.B. Atkinson (1989), ‘How Should We Measure Poverty? Some Conceptual Issues’24. Amartya Sen (1976), ‘Poverty: An Ordinal Approach to Measurement’25. Anthony F. Shorrocks (1995), ‘Revisiting the Sen Poverty Index’26. A.B. Atkinson (1987), ‘On the Measurement of Poverty’27. Meghnad Desai (1984), ‘A General Theory of Poverty? A Review Article’BIncome Inequality28. Jan Pen (1971), ‘A Parade of Dwarfs (and a few Giants)’, excerpt from ‘Some Facts to be Explained’29. Peter Wiles (1974), excerpt from ‘The Distribution of Wages per Earner and of Income per Head in the U.S.S.R.’30. Arthur M. Okun (1975), ‘The Leaky-Bucket Experiment’ and ‘Inspecting the Leakages’31. A.B. Atkinson (1980), ‘On the Measurement of Inequality’COther Dimensions of Inequality32. Richard Vaughan (1988), ‘Distributional Aspects of the Life Cycle Theory of Saving’33. Edwin Cannan (1928), ‘Inequality Between the Sexes’34. P.F. Apps and R. Rees (1996), ‘Labour Supply, Household Production and Intra-family Welfare Distribution’35. Jane Lewis (1992), ‘Gender and the Development of Welfare Regimes’Name IndexVolume II: Income TransfersAcknowledgementsAn introduction by the editor to all three volumes appears in Volume IPART ICONSUMPTION SMOOTHING AND INSURANCE ASocial Insurance1. A.B. Atkinson (1989), ‘Social Insurance and Income Maintenance’2. Samuel Brittan (1995), ‘Basic Income and the Welfare State’3. Jane Falkingham and John Hills (1995), ‘Redistribution Between People or Across the Life Cycle?’BThe Economics of Pensions4. Paul A. Samuelson (1958), ‘An Exact Consumption-Loan Model of Interest With or Without the Social Contrivance of Money’5. Henry Aaron (1966), ‘The Social Insurance Paradox’6. Nicholas A. Barr (1979), ‘Myths My Grandpa Taught Me’7. Lawrence H. Thompson (1998), ‘Overview and Summary’8. P.A. Diamond (1977), ‘A Framework for Social Security Analysis’CThe Debate Over Pension Reform9. Jonathan Gruber and David Wise (1998), ‘Social Security and Retirement: An International Comparison’10. Zvi Bodie, Alan J. Marcus and Robert C. Merton (1988), ‘Defined Benefit versus Defined Contribution Pension Plans: What Are the Real Trade-offs?’11. Peter A. Diamond (1998), ‘The Economics of Social Security Reform’12. Henry J. Aaron and Robert D. Reischauer (1998), ‘The Case for Preserving Social Security: How Should It Be Done?’13. Martin Feldstein (1996), ‘The Missing Piece in Policy Analysis: Social Security Reform’14. Peter A. Diamond (1996), ‘An Economist’s Perspective’, excerpt from ‘Social Security Reform in Chile: Two Views’PART IIPOVERTY RELIEF, DISTRIBUTION AND REDISTRIBUTION ATargeting15. Burton A. Weisbrod (1969), ‘Collective Action and the Distribution of Income: A Conceptual Approach’16. George A. Akerlof (1978), ‘The Economics of "Tagging" as Applied to the Optimal Income Tax, Welfare Programs, and Manpower Planning’17. Timothy Besley and Ravi Kanbur (1993), ‘The Principles of Targeting’18. Nicholas Stern (1982), ‘Optimum Taxation with Errors in Administration’19. Albert L. Nichols and Richard J. Zeckhauser (1982), ‘Targeting Transfers through Restrictions on Recipients’BMeasuring Income Poverty20. Alan Gillie (1996), ‘The Origin of the Poverty Line’21. Martin Ravallion (1996), ‘Issues in Measuring and Modelling Poverty’22. Shubham Chaudhuri and Martin Ravallion (1994), ‘How Well Do Static Indicators Identify the Chronically Poor’23. Peter Gottschalk (1997), ‘Inequality, Income Growth and Mobility: The Basic Facts’24. W. Beckerman (1979), ‘The Impact of Income Maintenance Payments on Poverty in Britain, 1975’CMeasuring Inequality25. A.B. Atkinson (1997), ‘Bringing Income Distribution in from the Cold’26. A.B. Atkinson, Lee Rainwater and Tim Smeeding (1995), ‘Income Distribution in European Countries’27. Peter Gottschalk and Timothy M. Smeeding (1997), ‘Cross-National Comparisons of Earnings and Income Inequality’28. Edward N. Wolff (1996), ‘International Comparisons of Wealth Inequality’DCharity29. Robert Sugden (1982), ‘On the Economics of Philanthropy’30. James Andreoni (1990), ‘Impure Altruism and Donations to Public Goods: A Theory of Warm-glow Giving’31. Richard M. Titmuss (1970), excerpt from ‘Who is My Stranger?’32. Julian Le Grand (1997), ‘Afterword’Name IndexVolume III: Benefits in Kind AcknowledgementsAn introduction by the editor to all three volumes appears in Volume IPART IHEALTH AND HEALTH CARE AHealth1. Robert G. Evans (1996), ‘Health, Hierarchy and Hominids – Biological Correlates of the Socioeconomic Gradient in Health’2. Richard Wilkinson (1996), ‘The Social Economy of Health’3. Judith Shapiro (1995), ‘The Russian Mortality Crisis and Its Causes’4. Julian Le Grand (1987), ‘Inequalities in Health: Some International Comparisons’5. John Broome (1978), ‘Trying to Value a Life’James M. Buchanan and Roger L. Faith (1979), ‘Trying Again to Value a Life’M.W. Jones-Lee (1979), ‘Trying to Value a Life: Why Broome Does Not Sweep Clean’Alan Williams (1979), ‘A Note on ‘Trying to Value a Life’’John Broome (1979), ‘Trying to Value a Life: A Reply’BThe Economics of Health Care6. Henry Aaron (1981), ‘Economic Aspects of the Role of Government in Health Care’7. Julian Le Grand (1996), ‘Equity, Efficiency and Rationing of Health Care’8. Robert G. Evans (1974), ‘Supplier-Induced Demand: Some Empirical Evidence and Implications’CAllocating Health Care Resources Efficiently9. Victor R. Fuchs (1996), ‘Economics, Values, and Health Care Reform’10. Howard Glennerster and Julian Le Grand (1995), ‘The Development of Quasi-Markets in Welfare Provision in the United Kingdom’11. Alan Williams (1985), ‘Economics of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting’12. Bernie J. O’Brien, Martin J. Buxton and Brian A. Ferguson (1987), ‘Measuring the Effectiveness of Heart Transplant Programmes: Quality of Life Data and Their Relationship to Survival Analysis’13. Michael Parsonage and Henry Neuburger (1992), ‘Discounting and Health Benefits’DThe Distribution of Health Care14. A.J. Culyer and Adam Wagstaff (1993), ‘Equity and Equality in Health and Health Care’15. Eddy van Doorslaer, Adam Wagstaff et al (1992), ‘Equity in the Delivery of Health Care: Some International Comparisons’16. Adam Wagstaff, Eddy van Doorslaer et al (1992), ‘Equity in the Finance of Health Care: Some International Comparisons’PART IIEDUCATION AThe Economics of Education17. Mark Blaug (1976), ‘The Empirical Status of Human Capital Theory: A Slightly Jaundiced Survey’18. Mark Blaug (1985), ‘Where Are We Now in the Economics of Education?’19. Joseph E. Stiglitz (1975), ‘The Theory of "Screening", Education, and the Distribution of Income’BSchool Education20. Mark Blaug (1984), ‘Education Vouchers – It All Depends on What You Mean’21. Howard Glennerster (1991), ‘Quasi-markets for Education?’22. Dennis Epple and Richard E. Romano (1998), ‘Competition Between Private and Public Schools, Vouchers, and Peer-Group Effects’23. Eric A. Hanushek (1986), ‘The Economics of Schooling: Production and Efficiency in Public Schools’24. Eric A. Hanushek (1996), ‘Measuring Investment in Education’25. Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips (1998), ‘The Black-White Test Score Gap’26. Claude S. Fischer, Michael Hout, Martín Sánchez Jankowski, Samuel R. Lucas, Ann Swidler and Kim Voss (1996), excerpts from ‘Why Inequality?’, and ‘Race, Ethnicity, and Intelligence’CFinancing Higher Education27. Nicholas Barr (1998), ‘Higher Education in Australia and Britain: What Lessons?’28. W. Lee Hansen and Burton A. Weisbrod (1969), ‘The Distribution of Costs and Direct Benefits of Public Higher Education: The Case of California’29. Milton Friedman (1962), ‘The Role of Government in Education’30. Howard Glennerster, Stephen Merrett and Gail Wilson (1968), ‘A Graduate Tax’31. Nicholas Barr (1991), ‘Income-contingent Student Loans: An Idea Whose Time has Come’32. Paul Grout (1983), ‘Education Finance and Imperfections in Information’33. Bruce Chapman (1997), ‘Conceptual Issues and the Australian Experience with Income Contingent Charges for Higher Education’Name Index