Paul Stewart was born and brought up in Derry and Belfast, and was until recently Professor of Sociology of Work and Employment at the University of Strathclyde, where he coordinated the Marie Curie "ChangingEmployment" programme (2012-2016). He has published on the impact of sectarianism on Polish and Lithuanian migrant workers in the north of Ireland. He is a member of UNITE and a non-executive director of CAIRDE Teo, an Irish language community association in Armagh City, and a participant in the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum. He is co-author of We Sell Our Time No More (Pluto Press, 2009), and was editor of the British Sociological Association's journal Work, Employment and Society. He is on the editorial committee of Capital and Class. Tommy McKearney is a former member of the IRA, a political ex-prisoner and hunger striker. Remaining interested in contemporary politics, he regularly contributes to media debates on Irish republican politics. He is the author of The Provisional IRA: From Insurrection to Parliament (Pluto Press, 2011) and writes a regular column for the monthly Socialist Voice. An active trade unionist, he is on the National Executive of the Independent Workers Union. He is involved in the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum which is building a united socialist movement in Ireland. Originally from County Tyrone, he now lives in County Monaghan in the Irish Republic. Gearoid O Machail is an Executive Director of Aonach Mhacha, a collaborative cultural enterprise initiative in Armagh City. He has worked in the community sector for over twenty-five years and has established a number of worker-owned enterprises. He holds an honours degree in Social Sciences from Queens University Belfast and recently acquired an Advanced Diploma in Social Enterprise from the University of Ulster. Gearoid is an Irish language activist and is deeply involved in the Irish-medium education sector in Armagh. He is an active committee member of the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum and of Friends of the International Brigades in Ireland. Patricia Campbell is from County Tyrone, a nurse by profession and President of the Independent Workers Union. She has presented at international conferences, including the American Psychological Association (APA) and a World Health Organisation (WHO) sponsored conference in Palestine in 2008. A long-term human rights campaigner and trade unionist activist, she was recognised for her lifetime human rights work when awarded the Passion for Peace Award in Philadelphia in 2015. In 2016 she co-authored Marxism and Psychology (ReMarx Publishing) with Susan Rosenthal. In 2017 she presented a groundbreaking paper on the psychology of torture at the renowned Adler Graduate School in Toronto. Brian Garvey is from Armagh in the north of Ireland and now works as a Lecturer at the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, in the Department of Work and Organisation. He was previously an organiser for the Independent Workers Union in Ireland and has been involved with a range of community and labour organisations in Ireland, Scotland and Brazil. He currently represents his branch of the University and College Union.

• Prologue 3 Introduction 7Chapter 1 - Sectarianism and Neo-Liberalism: The New Democratic Deficit 33Chapter 2 - The Global Economy and the North of Ireland: Neo-Liberalism at Home 45Chapter 3 - Unionism-Loyalism and the New Sectarian State 69Chapter 4 - Northern Ireland: The Failed State 98Chapter 5 - The Role of the "Third Sector" in Neo-Liberal Northern Ireland 124Chapter 6 - On the Psychology of War and Conflict in the North 139Chapter 7 - Trade Unionism in the North 150Conclusion 163Postscript - The Assembly Collapses 2017: The Final Curtain? 176Bibliography 185 Acknowledgements 204 About the Authors 206

Paul Stewart was born and brought up in Derry and Belfast, and was until recently Professor of Sociology of Work and Employment at the University of Strathclyde, where he coordinated the Marie Curie "ChangingEmployment" programme (2012-2016). He has published on the impact of sectarianism on Polish and Lithuanian migrant workers in the north of Ireland. He is a member of UNITE and a non-executive director of CAIRDE Teo, an Irish language community association in Armagh City, and a participant in the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum. He is co-author of We Sell Our Time No More (Pluto Press, 2009), and was editor of the British Sociological Association's journal Work, Employment and Society. He is on the editorial committee of Capital and Class. Tommy McKearney is a former member of the IRA, a political ex-prisoner and hunger striker. Remaining interested in contemporary politics, he regularly contributes to media debates on Irish republican politics. He is the author of The Provisional IRA: From Insurrection to Parliament (Pluto Press, 2011) and writes a regular column for the monthly Socialist Voice. An active trade unionist, he is on the National Executive of the Independent Workers Union. He is involved in the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum which is building a united socialist movement in Ireland. Originally from County Tyrone, he now lives in County Monaghan in the Irish Republic. Gearoid O Machail is an Executive Director of Aonach Mhacha, a collaborative cultural enterprise initiative in Armagh City. He has worked in the community sector for over twenty-five years and has established a number of worker-owned enterprises. He holds an honours degree in Social Sciences from Queens University Belfast and recently acquired an Advanced Diploma in Social Enterprise from the University of Ulster. Gearoid is an Irish language activist and is deeply involved in the Irish-medium education sector in Armagh. He is an active committee member of the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum and of Friends of the International Brigades in Ireland. Patricia Campbell is from County Tyrone, a nurse by profession and President of the Independent Workers Union. She has presented at international conferences, including the American Psychological Association (APA) and a World Health Organisation (WHO) sponsored conference in Palestine in 2008. A long-term human rights campaigner and trade unionist activist, she was recognised for her lifetime human rights work when awarded the Passion for Peace Award in Philadelphia in 2015. In 2016 she co-authored Marxism and Psychology (ReMarx Publishing) with Susan Rosenthal. In 2017 she presented a groundbreaking paper on the psychology of torture at the renowned Adler Graduate School in Toronto. Brian Garvey is from Armagh in the north of Ireland and now works as a Lecturer at the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, in the Department of Work and Organisation. He was previously an organiser for the Independent Workers Union in Ireland and has been involved with a range of community and labour organisations in Ireland, Scotland and Brazil. He currently represents his branch of the University and College Union.

• Prologue 3 Introduction 7Chapter 1 - Sectarianism and Neo-Liberalism: The New Democratic Deficit 33Chapter 2 - The Global Economy and the North of Ireland: Neo-Liberalism at Home 45Chapter 3 - Unionism-Loyalism and the New Sectarian State 69Chapter 4 - Northern Ireland: The Failed State 98Chapter 5 - The Role of the "Third Sector" in Neo-Liberal Northern Ireland 124Chapter 6 - On the Psychology of War and Conflict in the North 139Chapter 7 - Trade Unionism in the North 150Conclusion 163Postscript - The Assembly Collapses 2017: The Final Curtain? 176Bibliography 185 Acknowledgements 204 About the Authors 206

Paul Stewart was born and brought up in Derry and Belfast, and was until recently Professor of Sociology of Work and Employment at the University of Strathclyde, where he coordinated the Marie Curie "ChangingEmployment" programme (2012-2016). He has published on the impact of sectarianism on Polish and Lithuanian migrant workers in the north of Ireland. He is a member of UNITE and a non-executive director of CAIRDE Teo, an Irish language community association in Armagh City, and a participant in the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum. He is co-author of We Sell Our Time No More (Pluto Press, 2009), and was editor of the British Sociological Association's journal Work, Employment and Society. He is on the editorial committee of Capital and Class. Tommy McKearney is a former member of the IRA, a political ex-prisoner and hunger striker. Remaining interested in contemporary politics, he regularly contributes to media debates on Irish republican politics. He is the author of The Provisional IRA: From Insurrection to Parliament (Pluto Press, 2011) and writes a regular column for the monthly Socialist Voice. An active trade unionist, he is on the National Executive of the Independent Workers Union. He is involved in the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum which is building a united socialist movement in Ireland. Originally from County Tyrone, he now lives in County Monaghan in the Irish Republic. Gearoid O Machail is an Executive Director of Aonach Mhacha, a collaborative cultural enterprise initiative in Armagh City. He has worked in the community sector for over twenty-five years and has established a number of worker-owned enterprises. He holds an honours degree in Social Sciences from Queens University Belfast and recently acquired an Advanced Diploma in Social Enterprise from the University of Ulster. Gearoid is an Irish language activist and is deeply involved in the Irish-medium education sector in Armagh. He is an active committee member of the Peadar O'Donnell Socialist Republican Forum and of Friends of the International Brigades in Ireland. Patricia Campbell is from County Tyrone, a nurse by profession and President of the Independent Workers Union. She has presented at international conferences, including the American Psychological Association (APA) and a World Health Organisation (WHO) sponsored conference in Palestine in 2008. A long-term human rights campaigner and trade unionist activist, she was recognised for her lifetime human rights work when awarded the Passion for Peace Award in Philadelphia in 2015. In 2016 she co-authored Marxism and Psychology (ReMarx Publishing) with Susan Rosenthal. In 2017 she presented a groundbreaking paper on the psychology of torture at the renowned Adler Graduate School in Toronto. Brian Garvey is from Armagh in the north of Ireland and now works as a Lecturer at the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, in the Department of Work and Organisation. He was previously an organiser for the Independent Workers Union in Ireland and has been involved with a range of community and labour organisations in Ireland, Scotland and Brazil. He currently represents his branch of the University and College Union.

• Prologue 3 Introduction 7Chapter 1 - Sectarianism and Neo-Liberalism: The New Democratic Deficit 33Chapter 2 - The Global Economy and the North of Ireland: Neo-Liberalism at Home 45Chapter 3 - Unionism-Loyalism and the New Sectarian State 69Chapter 4 - Northern Ireland: The Failed State 98Chapter 5 - The Role of the "Third Sector" in Neo-Liberal Northern Ireland 124Chapter 6 - On the Psychology of War and Conflict in the North 139Chapter 7 - Trade Unionism in the North 150Conclusion 163Postscript - The Assembly Collapses 2017: The Final Curtain? 176Bibliography 185 Acknowledgements 204 About the Authors 206