Christine Imms is a Professor of Occupational Therapy and was the inaugural National Head of School of Allied Health (2011-2018) and co-founding Director of the Centre for Disability and Development Research at the Australian Catholic University. Christine’s clinical experience led to a long-standing interest in understanding the participation outcomes of those with childhood-onset neurodisability. Her research has predominantly involved children and young people with cerebral palsy, and been focused on describing patterns of participation, developing measures and designing and testing interventions. Her research track record includes over 100 peer reviewed publications, more than $11.3million (AUD) in grant income, and supervision of 30 research students.Dido Green gained extensive clinical experience as an Occupational Therapist specializing in paediatric neurodisability, with an MSc in Clinical Neuroscience and PhD in Motor Learning. Research interests focus on translational medicine emphasizing an ecological approach to understanding challenges to performance and participation in children and young people with neurodisability. Dido has developed child-centred intervention protocols addressing limitations to activity capacity and participatory outcomes. Several clinical trials have focussed on meaningful outcomes for children and their families. These projects and clinical experience have highlighted the inter-relationship between multiple person, environment and activity factors and need to look beyond diagnostic labels to optimise participatory outcomes. Her research track record includes over 100 peer reviewed publications, more than £5million (GBP) in grant income, and supervision of 15 research students.

• Author Appointments ix Preface xiiiAcknowledgements viiPart I Conceptual Issues in Participation 1Vignette 1.1 Samuel's Magic Talking Machine! Juan Bornman 31 The Nature of Participation Christine Imms 5Vignette 1.2 You Have to Walk and Talk to Go to School (India) Pranay Jindal 122 Participation: Theoretical Underpinnings to Inform and Guide Interventions Gillian King, Jenny Ziviani, Christine Imms 15Vignette 2.1 Annie's in Charge of the Baking (UK) Carolyn Dunford 253 Impact of Childhood Neurodisability on Participation Claire Willis, Mats Granlund 27Vignette 3.1 The Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mom (Taiwan) Ai-Wen Hwang 35Part II Contexts for Participation 394 Defining Contexts of Participation: A Conceptual Overview Dido Green 41Vignette 4.1 I Will Not Kill My Child (Kenya) Joseph K Gona, Charles R Newton 465 Unpacking Contexts for Participation in Activities that Comprise Family Life: Self and Family Jessica M Jarvis, Mary A Khetani 47Vignette 5.1 The Mothers' Wishes and Dreams (Iran) Farzaneh Yazdani 556 Participation and School Space: The Role of Environment in Inclusion Wesley Imms, Benjamin Cleveland, Chris Bradbeer 577 Social Contexts: Communication, Leisure and Recreation Beata Batorowicz Martine Smith 67Vignette 7.1 Gift and the Snake that Wouldn't Go to Sleep (South Africa) Juan Bornman 76Vignette 7.2 In the Shadow of Rockets (Israel) Orit Bart, Limor Rosenberg 78Vignette 7.3 Reveal the Abilities (Vietnam) Yen-Thanh Mac 808 Societal Influences on Participation Dido Green, Bengt Westerberg 83Vignette 8.1 Legislation is Not Enough(USA) Michele Shusterman 93Vignette 8.2 Starting School (Australia) Loretta Sheppard, Nicole Cassar 959 Therapy as a Life Situation Christine Imms 97Vignette 9.1 Therapy Means Work, Not Play (Romania) Liana Nagy, Stefania Bibolar 10310 Involvement of Young People and Families in All Stages of Research: What, Why, and How? Marjolijn Ketelaar, Dirk-Wouter Smits, Karen van Meeteren, Martijn Klem, Mattijs Alsem 105Part III Measuring Participation 11911 An Overview of Measurement Issues Related to Participation Christine Imms 12112 Measuring Participation as an Outcome: Attendance and Involvement Brooke Adair, Annette Majnemer, Christine Imms 12913 Measuring Participation as a Means: Participation as a Transactional System and a Process Gillian King, Mats Granlund, Christine Imms 14314 Measurement Challenges Christine Imms, Jessica M Jarvis, Mary A Khetani, Bridget O'Connor 161Vignette 14.1 Jack in the Box (Australia) Bridget O'Connor 170Part IV Participation Interventions 17315 Enabling Participation: Innovations and AdvancementsDido Green 17516 Providing Opportunities for Participation: A Focus on the Environment Dana Anaby 17917 Enhancing Participation Outcomes in Community Contexts Nora Shields, Ai-Wen Hwang, Jessica Kramer 187Vignette 17.1 School Lunches in Japan (Japan) Manabu Saito, Motohide Miyahara 20118 Participatory Interventions: Interventions Situated in Meaningful Contexts Citlali Lopez-Ortis Reidun, Jahnsen Dido Green 205Vignette 18.1 From Overcoming to Enjoying(Vietnam) Yen-Thanh Mac 217Part V Future Challenges 21919 Childhood Disability and Participation in the 21st Century Peter Rosenbaum 221Vignette 19.1 A Newcomerto Canada (Canada) Dana Anaby 22720 Evolution of Needs and Expectations: The Transformation of Disabled Individuals and Healthcare Providers Bernard Dan, Karine Pelc, Michel Sylin 229Vignette 20.1 Ken and the Natural Disaster (Japan) Naru Fukuch,i Motohide Miyahara 236Vignette 20.2 My Child is Possessed by Evil Spirits (Kenya) Joseph K Gona, Charles R Newton 23821 Cultural and Contextual Challenges in Resource-Poor Countries: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa Joseph K Gona Karen Bunning, Charles R Newton 239Vignette 21.1 When Ben Smiled (South Africa) Juan Bornman 24522 Looking to the Future Dido Green, Christine Imms 247Index 251

Christine Imms is a Professor of Occupational Therapy and was the inaugural National Head of School of Allied Health (2011-2018) and co-founding Director of the Centre for Disability and Development Research at the Australian Catholic University. Christine’s clinical experience led to a long-standing interest in understanding the participation outcomes of those with childhood-onset neurodisability. Her research has predominantly involved children and young people with cerebral palsy, and been focused on describing patterns of participation, developing measures and designing and testing interventions. Her research track record includes over 100 peer reviewed publications, more than $11.3million (AUD) in grant income, and supervision of 30 research students.Dido Green gained extensive clinical experience as an Occupational Therapist specializing in paediatric neurodisability, with an MSc in Clinical Neuroscience and PhD in Motor Learning. Research interests focus on translational medicine emphasizing an ecological approach to understanding challenges to performance and participation in children and young people with neurodisability. Dido has developed child-centred intervention protocols addressing limitations to activity capacity and participatory outcomes. Several clinical trials have focussed on meaningful outcomes for children and their families. These projects and clinical experience have highlighted the inter-relationship between multiple person, environment and activity factors and need to look beyond diagnostic labels to optimise participatory outcomes. Her research track record includes over 100 peer reviewed publications, more than £5million (GBP) in grant income, and supervision of 15 research students.

• Author Appointments ix Preface xiiiAcknowledgements viiPart I Conceptual Issues in Participation 1Vignette 1.1 Samuel's Magic Talking Machine! Juan Bornman 31 The Nature of Participation Christine Imms 5Vignette 1.2 You Have to Walk and Talk to Go to School (India) Pranay Jindal 122 Participation: Theoretical Underpinnings to Inform and Guide Interventions Gillian King, Jenny Ziviani, Christine Imms 15Vignette 2.1 Annie's in Charge of the Baking (UK) Carolyn Dunford 253 Impact of Childhood Neurodisability on Participation Claire Willis, Mats Granlund 27Vignette 3.1 The Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mom (Taiwan) Ai-Wen Hwang 35Part II Contexts for Participation 394 Defining Contexts of Participation: A Conceptual Overview Dido Green 41Vignette 4.1 I Will Not Kill My Child (Kenya) Joseph K Gona, Charles R Newton 465 Unpacking Contexts for Participation in Activities that Comprise Family Life: Self and Family Jessica M Jarvis, Mary A Khetani 47Vignette 5.1 The Mothers' Wishes and Dreams (Iran) Farzaneh Yazdani 556 Participation and School Space: The Role of Environment in Inclusion Wesley Imms, Benjamin Cleveland, Chris Bradbeer 577 Social Contexts: Communication, Leisure and Recreation Beata Batorowicz Martine Smith 67Vignette 7.1 Gift and the Snake that Wouldn't Go to Sleep (South Africa) Juan Bornman 76Vignette 7.2 In the Shadow of Rockets (Israel) Orit Bart, Limor Rosenberg 78Vignette 7.3 Reveal the Abilities (Vietnam) Yen-Thanh Mac 808 Societal Influences on Participation Dido Green, Bengt Westerberg 83Vignette 8.1 Legislation is Not Enough(USA) Michele Shusterman 93Vignette 8.2 Starting School (Australia) Loretta Sheppard, Nicole Cassar 959 Therapy as a Life Situation Christine Imms 97Vignette 9.1 Therapy Means Work, Not Play (Romania) Liana Nagy, Stefania Bibolar 10310 Involvement of Young People and Families in All Stages of Research: What, Why, and How? Marjolijn Ketelaar, Dirk-Wouter Smits, Karen van Meeteren, Martijn Klem, Mattijs Alsem 105Part III Measuring Participation 11911 An Overview of Measurement Issues Related to Participation Christine Imms 12112 Measuring Participation as an Outcome: Attendance and Involvement Brooke Adair, Annette Majnemer, Christine Imms 12913 Measuring Participation as a Means: Participation as a Transactional System and a Process Gillian King, Mats Granlund, Christine Imms 14314 Measurement Challenges Christine Imms, Jessica M Jarvis, Mary A Khetani, Bridget O'Connor 161Vignette 14.1 Jack in the Box (Australia) Bridget O'Connor 170Part IV Participation Interventions 17315 Enabling Participation: Innovations and AdvancementsDido Green 17516 Providing Opportunities for Participation: A Focus on the Environment Dana Anaby 17917 Enhancing Participation Outcomes in Community Contexts Nora Shields, Ai-Wen Hwang, Jessica Kramer 187Vignette 17.1 School Lunches in Japan (Japan) Manabu Saito, Motohide Miyahara 20118 Participatory Interventions: Interventions Situated in Meaningful Contexts Citlali Lopez-Ortis Reidun, Jahnsen Dido Green 205Vignette 18.1 From Overcoming to Enjoying(Vietnam) Yen-Thanh Mac 217Part V Future Challenges 21919 Childhood Disability and Participation in the 21st Century Peter Rosenbaum 221Vignette 19.1 A Newcomerto Canada (Canada) Dana Anaby 22720 Evolution of Needs and Expectations: The Transformation of Disabled Individuals and Healthcare Providers Bernard Dan, Karine Pelc, Michel Sylin 229Vignette 20.1 Ken and the Natural Disaster (Japan) Naru Fukuch,i Motohide Miyahara 236Vignette 20.2 My Child is Possessed by Evil Spirits (Kenya) Joseph K Gona, Charles R Newton 23821 Cultural and Contextual Challenges in Resource-Poor Countries: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa Joseph K Gona Karen Bunning, Charles R Newton 239Vignette 21.1 When Ben Smiled (South Africa) Juan Bornman 24522 Looking to the Future Dido Green, Christine Imms 247Index 251

Christine Imms is a Professor of Occupational Therapy and was the inaugural National Head of School of Allied Health (2011-2018) and co-founding Director of the Centre for Disability and Development Research at the Australian Catholic University. Christine’s clinical experience led to a long-standing interest in understanding the participation outcomes of those with childhood-onset neurodisability. Her research has predominantly involved children and young people with cerebral palsy, and been focused on describing patterns of participation, developing measures and designing and testing interventions. Her research track record includes over 100 peer reviewed publications, more than $11.3million (AUD) in grant income, and supervision of 30 research students.Dido Green gained extensive clinical experience as an Occupational Therapist specializing in paediatric neurodisability, with an MSc in Clinical Neuroscience and PhD in Motor Learning. Research interests focus on translational medicine emphasizing an ecological approach to understanding challenges to performance and participation in children and young people with neurodisability. Dido has developed child-centred intervention protocols addressing limitations to activity capacity and participatory outcomes. Several clinical trials have focussed on meaningful outcomes for children and their families. These projects and clinical experience have highlighted the inter-relationship between multiple person, environment and activity factors and need to look beyond diagnostic labels to optimise participatory outcomes. Her research track record includes over 100 peer reviewed publications, more than £5million (GBP) in grant income, and supervision of 15 research students.

• Author Appointments ix Preface xiiiAcknowledgements viiPart I Conceptual Issues in Participation 1Vignette 1.1 Samuel's Magic Talking Machine! Juan Bornman 31 The Nature of Participation Christine Imms 5Vignette 1.2 You Have to Walk and Talk to Go to School (India) Pranay Jindal 122 Participation: Theoretical Underpinnings to Inform and Guide Interventions Gillian King, Jenny Ziviani, Christine Imms 15Vignette 2.1 Annie's in Charge of the Baking (UK) Carolyn Dunford 253 Impact of Childhood Neurodisability on Participation Claire Willis, Mats Granlund 27Vignette 3.1 The Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mom (Taiwan) Ai-Wen Hwang 35Part II Contexts for Participation 394 Defining Contexts of Participation: A Conceptual Overview Dido Green 41Vignette 4.1 I Will Not Kill My Child (Kenya) Joseph K Gona, Charles R Newton 465 Unpacking Contexts for Participation in Activities that Comprise Family Life: Self and Family Jessica M Jarvis, Mary A Khetani 47Vignette 5.1 The Mothers' Wishes and Dreams (Iran) Farzaneh Yazdani 556 Participation and School Space: The Role of Environment in Inclusion Wesley Imms, Benjamin Cleveland, Chris Bradbeer 577 Social Contexts: Communication, Leisure and Recreation Beata Batorowicz Martine Smith 67Vignette 7.1 Gift and the Snake that Wouldn't Go to Sleep (South Africa) Juan Bornman 76Vignette 7.2 In the Shadow of Rockets (Israel) Orit Bart, Limor Rosenberg 78Vignette 7.3 Reveal the Abilities (Vietnam) Yen-Thanh Mac 808 Societal Influences on Participation Dido Green, Bengt Westerberg 83Vignette 8.1 Legislation is Not Enough(USA) Michele Shusterman 93Vignette 8.2 Starting School (Australia) Loretta Sheppard, Nicole Cassar 959 Therapy as a Life Situation Christine Imms 97Vignette 9.1 Therapy Means Work, Not Play (Romania) Liana Nagy, Stefania Bibolar 10310 Involvement of Young People and Families in All Stages of Research: What, Why, and How? Marjolijn Ketelaar, Dirk-Wouter Smits, Karen van Meeteren, Martijn Klem, Mattijs Alsem 105Part III Measuring Participation 11911 An Overview of Measurement Issues Related to Participation Christine Imms 12112 Measuring Participation as an Outcome: Attendance and Involvement Brooke Adair, Annette Majnemer, Christine Imms 12913 Measuring Participation as a Means: Participation as a Transactional System and a Process Gillian King, Mats Granlund, Christine Imms 14314 Measurement Challenges Christine Imms, Jessica M Jarvis, Mary A Khetani, Bridget O'Connor 161Vignette 14.1 Jack in the Box (Australia) Bridget O'Connor 170Part IV Participation Interventions 17315 Enabling Participation: Innovations and AdvancementsDido Green 17516 Providing Opportunities for Participation: A Focus on the Environment Dana Anaby 17917 Enhancing Participation Outcomes in Community Contexts Nora Shields, Ai-Wen Hwang, Jessica Kramer 187Vignette 17.1 School Lunches in Japan (Japan) Manabu Saito, Motohide Miyahara 20118 Participatory Interventions: Interventions Situated in Meaningful Contexts Citlali Lopez-Ortis Reidun, Jahnsen Dido Green 205Vignette 18.1 From Overcoming to Enjoying(Vietnam) Yen-Thanh Mac 217Part V Future Challenges 21919 Childhood Disability and Participation in the 21st Century Peter Rosenbaum 221Vignette 19.1 A Newcomerto Canada (Canada) Dana Anaby 22720 Evolution of Needs and Expectations: The Transformation of Disabled Individuals and Healthcare Providers Bernard Dan, Karine Pelc, Michel Sylin 229Vignette 20.1 Ken and the Natural Disaster (Japan) Naru Fukuch,i Motohide Miyahara 236Vignette 20.2 My Child is Possessed by Evil Spirits (Kenya) Joseph K Gona, Charles R Newton 23821 Cultural and Contextual Challenges in Resource-Poor Countries: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa Joseph K Gona Karen Bunning, Charles R Newton 239Vignette 21.1 When Ben Smiled (South Africa) Juan Bornman 24522 Looking to the Future Dido Green, Christine Imms 247Index 251