Vinai K Singh is the Professor of Mathematics in the Department of Applied Mathematics, Inderprastha Engineering College Ghaziabad, India. Dr. Singh holds a Ph. D degree. in Approximation Theory from Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (Now IIT BHU), Varanasi, India. He has been actively engaged in research activity since 1997. His areas of research interest include functional analysis, approximation theory, and different kinds of positive operators. He is author of 3 book chapters and 6 books and over 29 research papers in the national and International Journals of repute. He referees articles for professional journals and serves as editorial member of many national and international journals.David Y Gao is the Alexander Rubinov Chair Professor of Mathematics at the Federation University Australia. He is the author of 14 monograph, handbook, special volumes and more than 200 research papers (> 50% are singleauthored) on applied mathematics, theoretical and computational mechanics, global optimization and operations research etc. His main research contributions include a canonical duality-triality theory, several mathematical models in engineering mechanics and material science, a series of complete solutions to a class of nonconvex/nonsmooth/discrete problems in nonlinear sciences, and some deterministic methods/algorithms for solving certain NPhard problems in global optimization and computational science. One application of this canonical duality theory in large deformation solid mechanics solved a 50-years open problem and leads to a pure complementary energy principle (i.e. the Gao Principle in the literature), which has broad applications in engineering mechanics and physics. One of the large deformed beam models he proposed in 1996 is now recognized as the nonlinear Gao beam which can be used to study postbuckling analysis and plays an important role in real-world applications. In discrete systems, this canonical duality theory shows that the NP-hard 0-1 integer programming problems are identical to a continuous unconstrained Lipschitzian global optimization problem which can be solved deterministically. Professor Gao’s multidisciplinary research has been supported continuously by different programs at US National Science Foundation (NSF) and US Air Force Office for Scientific Research (AFOSR) before he moved to Australia in 2010. He is one of a few researchers in the southern hemisphere who receive research grants every year directly from the AFOSR Washington Office. Recently, Professor Gao’s canonical duality-triality theory has been identified by AFOSR as a breakthrough research and his team has win two prestigious international grant awards with total US$600,000 for 2016-2020.Andreas Fischer is director of the Institute of Numerical Mathematics at TU Dresden. After his habilitation in 1998, he became an associate professor at the University of Dortmund. Since 2002, he holds the Chair of Numerical Optimization at TU Dresden. His research concentrates on topics around the design and analysis of efficient algorithms in the field of mathematical programming. With his group, he works on theoretical and applied problems in continuous and discrete optimization. For example, this includes generalized Nash equilibria, eigenvalue complementarity problems, beamforming for wireless board-to-board communication, resource allocation, parameter optimization in machine learning, or minimum connectivity inference problems. Currently, he is a principal investigator at the Collaborative Research Center Highly Adaptive Energy-efficient Computing (HAEC) and of further research projects. Andreas Fischer is in the editorial board of several international journals.

• Chapter 1- CanonicalDuality-Triality: UnifiedUnderstanding Modeling, Problems,and NP-Hardness in Multi-Scale Optimization.- Chapter 2- Numerical Investigation of Stochastic Neural Field Equations.- Chapter 3- Nonstationary signal decomposition for dummies.- Chapter 4- Modeling the socio-economic waste generation factors using artificial neural network: A case study of Gurugram (Haryana State, India).- Chapter 5- Regularization of Highly ill-Conditioned RBF Asymmetric Collocation Systems in Fractional Models.- Chapter 6- The Effect of Toxin and Human Impact on Marine Ecosystem.- Chapter 7- A Computational Study of Reduction Techniques for the Minimum Connectivity Inference Problem.- Chapter 8- Approximate Controllability of Nonlocal Impulsive Stochastic Differential Equations with Delay.- Chapter 9- Convergence of an Operator Splitting Scheme for Abstract Stochastic Evolution Equations.- Chapter 10- Modified Post-Widder Operators Preserving Exponential Functions.- Chapter 11- The Properties of Certain Linear and Nonlinear Differential Equations.- Chapter 12- Fixed Points for (ϕ,ψ)-Contractions in Menger Probabilistic Metric Spaces.- Chapter 13- A Novel Canonical Duality  Theory  for Solving 3-D Topology Optimization Problems.- Chapter 14- High Performance Computing Challenges and Risks for the Future.- Chapter 15- Modern Parallel Architectures to Speed Up Numerical Simulation.- Chapter 16- Parallel Algorithms for Low Rank Tensor Arithmetic.- Chapter 17- The Resiliency of Multilevel Methods on Next Generation Computing Platforms: Probabilistic Model and Its Analysis.- Chapter 18- Visualization of Data: Methods, Software and Applications.- Chapter 19- HPC Technologies from Scientific Computing to Big Data Applications.- Chapter 20- Analysis and simulation of time-domain elliptical cloaks by the discontinuous Galerkin method.- Chapter 21- Dynamic Pore-network Models Development.- Chapter 22- Mean Field Magnetohydrodynamic Dynamo in Partially Ionized Plasma: Nonlinear, Numerical Results .- Chapter 23- Outcome of Wall Features on the Creeping Sinusoidal Flow of MHD Couple Stress Fluid in an Inclined Channel with Chemical Reaction.- Chapter 24- A Fractional Inverse Initial Value Problem.- Chapter 25- Three Dimensional Biomagnetic Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Surface with Variable Fluid Properties.- Chapter 26- Effects of Slip on the Peristaltic Motion of a Jeffrey Fluid in Porous Medium with Wall Effects.- Chapter 27- Linear and Nonlinear Double Diffusive Convection in a Couple Stress Fluid Saturated Anisotropic Porous Layer  with Soret Effect and Internal Heat Source.- Chapter 28- Modeling of Wave Induced Oscillations in Pohang New Harbor by using Hybrid Finite Element Model.- Chapter 29- Similarity Solution of Hydromagnetic Flow near Stagnation Point over a Stretching Surface Subjected to Newtonian Heating and Convective Condition.- Chapter 30- Modelling Corrosion Phenomenon of Magnesium Alloy AZ91 in Simulated Body Fluids.- Chapter 31- Approximate and Analytic Solution of Some Nonlinear Diffusive Equations.

Vinai K Singh is the Professor of Mathematics in the Department of Applied Mathematics, Inderprastha Engineering College Ghaziabad, India. Dr. Singh holds a Ph. D degree. in Approximation Theory from Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (Now IIT BHU), Varanasi, India. He has been actively engaged in research activity since 1997. His areas of research interest include functional analysis, approximation theory, and different kinds of positive operators. He is author of 3 book chapters and 6 books and over 29 research papers in the national and International Journals of repute. He referees articles for professional journals and serves as editorial member of many national and international journals.David Y Gao is the Alexander Rubinov Chair Professor of Mathematics at the Federation University Australia. He is the author of 14 monograph, handbook, special volumes and more than 200 research papers (> 50% are singleauthored) on applied mathematics, theoretical and computational mechanics, global optimization and operations research etc. His main research contributions include a canonical duality-triality theory, several mathematical models in engineering mechanics and material science, a series of complete solutions to a class of nonconvex/nonsmooth/discrete problems in nonlinear sciences, and some deterministic methods/algorithms for solving certain NPhard problems in global optimization and computational science. One application of this canonical duality theory in large deformation solid mechanics solved a 50-years open problem and leads to a pure complementary energy principle (i.e. the Gao Principle in the literature), which has broad applications in engineering mechanics and physics. One of the large deformed beam models he proposed in 1996 is now recognized as the nonlinear Gao beam which can be used to study postbuckling analysis and plays an important role in real-world applications. In discrete systems, this canonical duality theory shows that the NP-hard 0-1 integer programming problems are identical to a continuous unconstrained Lipschitzian global optimization problem which can be solved deterministically. Professor Gao’s multidisciplinary research has been supported continuously by different programs at US National Science Foundation (NSF) and US Air Force Office for Scientific Research (AFOSR) before he moved to Australia in 2010. He is one of a few researchers in the southern hemisphere who receive research grants every year directly from the AFOSR Washington Office. Recently, Professor Gao’s canonical duality-triality theory has been identified by AFOSR as a breakthrough research and his team has win two prestigious international grant awards with total US$600,000 for 2016-2020.Andreas Fischer is director of the Institute of Numerical Mathematics at TU Dresden. After his habilitation in 1998, he became an associate professor at the University of Dortmund. Since 2002, he holds the Chair of Numerical Optimization at TU Dresden. His research concentrates on topics around the design and analysis of efficient algorithms in the field of mathematical programming. With his group, he works on theoretical and applied problems in continuous and discrete optimization. For example, this includes generalized Nash equilibria, eigenvalue complementarity problems, beamforming for wireless board-to-board communication, resource allocation, parameter optimization in machine learning, or minimum connectivity inference problems. Currently, he is a principal investigator at the Collaborative Research Center Highly Adaptive Energy-efficient Computing (HAEC) and of further research projects. Andreas Fischer is in the editorial board of several international journals.

• Chapter 1- CanonicalDuality-Triality: UnifiedUnderstanding Modeling, Problems,and NP-Hardness in Multi-Scale Optimization.- Chapter 2- Numerical Investigation of Stochastic Neural Field Equations.- Chapter 3- Nonstationary signal decomposition for dummies.- Chapter 4- Modeling the socio-economic waste generation factors using artificial neural network: A case study of Gurugram (Haryana State, India).- Chapter 5- Regularization of Highly ill-Conditioned RBF Asymmetric Collocation Systems in Fractional Models.- Chapter 6- The Effect of Toxin and Human Impact on Marine Ecosystem.- Chapter 7- A Computational Study of Reduction Techniques for the Minimum Connectivity Inference Problem.- Chapter 8- Approximate Controllability of Nonlocal Impulsive Stochastic Differential Equations with Delay.- Chapter 9- Convergence of an Operator Splitting Scheme for Abstract Stochastic Evolution Equations.- Chapter 10- Modified Post-Widder Operators Preserving Exponential Functions.- Chapter 11- The Properties of Certain Linear and Nonlinear Differential Equations.- Chapter 12- Fixed Points for (ϕ,ψ)-Contractions in Menger Probabilistic Metric Spaces.- Chapter 13- A Novel Canonical Duality  Theory  for Solving 3-D Topology Optimization Problems.- Chapter 14- High Performance Computing Challenges and Risks for the Future.- Chapter 15- Modern Parallel Architectures to Speed Up Numerical Simulation.- Chapter 16- Parallel Algorithms for Low Rank Tensor Arithmetic.- Chapter 17- The Resiliency of Multilevel Methods on Next Generation Computing Platforms: Probabilistic Model and Its Analysis.- Chapter 18- Visualization of Data: Methods, Software and Applications.- Chapter 19- HPC Technologies from Scientific Computing to Big Data Applications.- Chapter 20- Analysis and simulation of time-domain elliptical cloaks by the discontinuous Galerkin method.- Chapter 21- Dynamic Pore-network Models Development.- Chapter 22- Mean Field Magnetohydrodynamic Dynamo in Partially Ionized Plasma: Nonlinear, Numerical Results .- Chapter 23- Outcome of Wall Features on the Creeping Sinusoidal Flow of MHD Couple Stress Fluid in an Inclined Channel with Chemical Reaction.- Chapter 24- A Fractional Inverse Initial Value Problem.- Chapter 25- Three Dimensional Biomagnetic Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Surface with Variable Fluid Properties.- Chapter 26- Effects of Slip on the Peristaltic Motion of a Jeffrey Fluid in Porous Medium with Wall Effects.- Chapter 27- Linear and Nonlinear Double Diffusive Convection in a Couple Stress Fluid Saturated Anisotropic Porous Layer  with Soret Effect and Internal Heat Source.- Chapter 28- Modeling of Wave Induced Oscillations in Pohang New Harbor by using Hybrid Finite Element Model.- Chapter 29- Similarity Solution of Hydromagnetic Flow near Stagnation Point over a Stretching Surface Subjected to Newtonian Heating and Convective Condition.- Chapter 30- Modelling Corrosion Phenomenon of Magnesium Alloy AZ91 in Simulated Body Fluids.- Chapter 31- Approximate and Analytic Solution of Some Nonlinear Diffusive Equations.

Vinai K Singh is the Professor of Mathematics in the Department of Applied Mathematics, Inderprastha Engineering College Ghaziabad, India. Dr. Singh holds a Ph. D degree. in Approximation Theory from Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (Now IIT BHU), Varanasi, India. He has been actively engaged in research activity since 1997. His areas of research interest include functional analysis, approximation theory, and different kinds of positive operators. He is author of 3 book chapters and 6 books and over 29 research papers in the national and International Journals of repute. He referees articles for professional journals and serves as editorial member of many national and international journals.David Y Gao is the Alexander Rubinov Chair Professor of Mathematics at the Federation University Australia. He is the author of 14 monograph, handbook, special volumes and more than 200 research papers (> 50% are singleauthored) on applied mathematics, theoretical and computational mechanics, global optimization and operations research etc. His main research contributions include a canonical duality-triality theory, several mathematical models in engineering mechanics and material science, a series of complete solutions to a class of nonconvex/nonsmooth/discrete problems in nonlinear sciences, and some deterministic methods/algorithms for solving certain NPhard problems in global optimization and computational science. One application of this canonical duality theory in large deformation solid mechanics solved a 50-years open problem and leads to a pure complementary energy principle (i.e. the Gao Principle in the literature), which has broad applications in engineering mechanics and physics. One of the large deformed beam models he proposed in 1996 is now recognized as the nonlinear Gao beam which can be used to study postbuckling analysis and plays an important role in real-world applications. In discrete systems, this canonical duality theory shows that the NP-hard 0-1 integer programming problems are identical to a continuous unconstrained Lipschitzian global optimization problem which can be solved deterministically. Professor Gao’s multidisciplinary research has been supported continuously by different programs at US National Science Foundation (NSF) and US Air Force Office for Scientific Research (AFOSR) before he moved to Australia in 2010. He is one of a few researchers in the southern hemisphere who receive research grants every year directly from the AFOSR Washington Office. Recently, Professor Gao’s canonical duality-triality theory has been identified by AFOSR as a breakthrough research and his team has win two prestigious international grant awards with total US$600,000 for 2016-2020.Andreas Fischer is director of the Institute of Numerical Mathematics at TU Dresden. After his habilitation in 1998, he became an associate professor at the University of Dortmund. Since 2002, he holds the Chair of Numerical Optimization at TU Dresden. His research concentrates on topics around the design and analysis of efficient algorithms in the field of mathematical programming. With his group, he works on theoretical and applied problems in continuous and discrete optimization. For example, this includes generalized Nash equilibria, eigenvalue complementarity problems, beamforming for wireless board-to-board communication, resource allocation, parameter optimization in machine learning, or minimum connectivity inference problems. Currently, he is a principal investigator at the Collaborative Research Center Highly Adaptive Energy-efficient Computing (HAEC) and of further research projects. Andreas Fischer is in the editorial board of several international journals.

• Chapter 1- CanonicalDuality-Triality: UnifiedUnderstanding Modeling, Problems,and NP-Hardness in Multi-Scale Optimization.- Chapter 2- Numerical Investigation of Stochastic Neural Field Equations.- Chapter 3- Nonstationary signal decomposition for dummies.- Chapter 4- Modeling the socio-economic waste generation factors using artificial neural network: A case study of Gurugram (Haryana State, India).- Chapter 5- Regularization of Highly ill-Conditioned RBF Asymmetric Collocation Systems in Fractional Models.- Chapter 6- The Effect of Toxin and Human Impact on Marine Ecosystem.- Chapter 7- A Computational Study of Reduction Techniques for the Minimum Connectivity Inference Problem.- Chapter 8- Approximate Controllability of Nonlocal Impulsive Stochastic Differential Equations with Delay.- Chapter 9- Convergence of an Operator Splitting Scheme for Abstract Stochastic Evolution Equations.- Chapter 10- Modified Post-Widder Operators Preserving Exponential Functions.- Chapter 11- The Properties of Certain Linear and Nonlinear Differential Equations.- Chapter 12- Fixed Points for (ϕ,ψ)-Contractions in Menger Probabilistic Metric Spaces.- Chapter 13- A Novel Canonical Duality  Theory  for Solving 3-D Topology Optimization Problems.- Chapter 14- High Performance Computing Challenges and Risks for the Future.- Chapter 15- Modern Parallel Architectures to Speed Up Numerical Simulation.- Chapter 16- Parallel Algorithms for Low Rank Tensor Arithmetic.- Chapter 17- The Resiliency of Multilevel Methods on Next Generation Computing Platforms: Probabilistic Model and Its Analysis.- Chapter 18- Visualization of Data: Methods, Software and Applications.- Chapter 19- HPC Technologies from Scientific Computing to Big Data Applications.- Chapter 20- Analysis and simulation of time-domain elliptical cloaks by the discontinuous Galerkin method.- Chapter 21- Dynamic Pore-network Models Development.- Chapter 22- Mean Field Magnetohydrodynamic Dynamo in Partially Ionized Plasma: Nonlinear, Numerical Results .- Chapter 23- Outcome of Wall Features on the Creeping Sinusoidal Flow of MHD Couple Stress Fluid in an Inclined Channel with Chemical Reaction.- Chapter 24- A Fractional Inverse Initial Value Problem.- Chapter 25- Three Dimensional Biomagnetic Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Surface with Variable Fluid Properties.- Chapter 26- Effects of Slip on the Peristaltic Motion of a Jeffrey Fluid in Porous Medium with Wall Effects.- Chapter 27- Linear and Nonlinear Double Diffusive Convection in a Couple Stress Fluid Saturated Anisotropic Porous Layer  with Soret Effect and Internal Heat Source.- Chapter 28- Modeling of Wave Induced Oscillations in Pohang New Harbor by using Hybrid Finite Element Model.- Chapter 29- Similarity Solution of Hydromagnetic Flow near Stagnation Point over a Stretching Surface Subjected to Newtonian Heating and Convective Condition.- Chapter 30- Modelling Corrosion Phenomenon of Magnesium Alloy AZ91 in Simulated Body Fluids.- Chapter 31- Approximate and Analytic Solution of Some Nonlinear Diffusive Equations.