This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th Ibero-American Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IBERAMIA 2018, held in Trujillo, Peru,in November 2018.The 41 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 92 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Knowledge Engineering, Knowledge Representation and Reasoning under Uncertainty., Multiagent Systems., Game Theory and Economic Paradigms,  Game Playing and Interactive Entertainment,  Ambient Intelligence,  Machine Learning Methods, Cognitive Modeling,General AI, Knowledge Engineering, Computational Sustainability and AI, Heuristic Search and Optimization and much more.