Dipak Basu is the Emeritus Professor in Economics in Nagasaki University, Japan. He is a PhD from the University of Birmingham, and previously he was a Research Officer in the Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge, and a Lecturer in Econometrics in the Institute of Agricultural Economics, University of Oxford.Victoria Miroshnik is the professor in Management in Reitaku University, Japan. She is a PhD from the University of Glasgow, and previously she was Professor in Jindal Global University, New Delhi, India and Associate Professor in Tsukuba University, Tokyo, Japan and Ritsumeikan University, Beppu, Japan.

• 1. Kautilya’s Arthashashtra and a mixed economy within Monarchy.- 2. Socialism in the Soviet Union.- 3. Socialism within a Democracy, Fabian Socialism in Yugoslavia, Scandinavia, India.- 4. Socialist theory of Feldman and Mahalanobis.- 5. Socialist Calculation.-  6. Contemporary capitalism and imperialism.- 7. Conclusion.

Dipak Basu is the Emeritus Professor in Economics in Nagasaki University, Japan. He is a PhD from the University of Birmingham, and previously he was a Research Officer in the Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge, and a Lecturer in Econometrics in the Institute of Agricultural Economics, University of Oxford.Victoria Miroshnik is the professor in Management in Reitaku University, Japan. She is a PhD from the University of Glasgow, and previously she was Professor in Jindal Global University, New Delhi, India and Associate Professor in Tsukuba University, Tokyo, Japan and Ritsumeikan University, Beppu, Japan.

• 1. Kautilya’s Arthashashtra and a mixed economy within Monarchy.- 2. Socialism in the Soviet Union.- 3. Socialism within a Democracy, Fabian Socialism in Yugoslavia, Scandinavia, India.- 4. Socialist theory of Feldman and Mahalanobis.- 5. Socialist Calculation.-  6. Contemporary capitalism and imperialism.- 7. Conclusion.