This book provides an in-depth examination of China’s diplomatic endeavors in the Middle East, tracing the evolution of its approach since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Through a rigorous textual analysis of published literature from Chinese government sources, as well as Western research institutions and academia, this study reveals a significant thesis: China has strategically employed a soft power approach to reposition itself as a rising imperial power, directly challenging the long-standing dominance of the United States in the Middle East.