Prof. Uznir Ujang is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), where he also leads the 3D GIS Research Group. As a member of this esteemed faculty, ranked No. 1 in Malaysia and among the top 100 in the world for Built Environment by the QS World University Rankings 2025, he plays a key role in advancing research and innovation in the field of spatial science. UTM, a leading government-funded institution in Malaysia, attests to its excellence by securing the top spot in the country's engineering and technology rankings. Prof. Uznir's distinguished career is highlighted by his diverse affiliations and outstanding contributions. In addition to his academic role, he holds a prestigious position on the Malaysia Board of Technologists (MBOT), underlining his recognition as a technologist. Furthermore, he is a dedicated member of the Royal Institution of Surveyors Malaysia (RISM), showcasing his commitment to the surveying profession. His influence extends beyond Malaysia, as he actively engages with international organizations. He is a valued member of the Institute of Geospatial and Remote Sensing Malaysia (IGRSM) and contributes his expertise to the global geospatial community. His active participation also extends to the International Society of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, and Spatial Science (ISPRS), where he collaborates with international peers and experts. Prof. Uznir's expertise spans a wide range of research domains in spatial applications. He has made significant strides in 3D city modeling, 3D Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Smart Cities, Building Information Modeling (BIM), topology, and spatial data structures. His work not only enriches academic knowledge but also finds practical applications in various industries. His innovative thinking and research have earned him significant recognition. He holds 12 intellectual properties (IP), including patents and copyrights, a testament to his ability to generate novel solutions that push the boundaries of spatial science. Beyond his academic and professional roles, Prof. Uznir is at the forefront of advanced research projects in 3D city modeling and applications, contributing to our understanding of urban environments and their practical implications. With a wealth of experience in research universities, he excels in various aspects of GIS research and development, including research planning, publication, professional consultation, and project management. His substantial contributions to the academic community are evident in his authorship of over 100 scholarly articles, many of which have been published in highly regarded international journals and presented at prestigious conferences. His work has garnered more than 807 citations and an H-Index of 15, underscoring his active and influential role in the scientific community. In summary, Prof. Uznir Ujang is a leading authority in the realm of spatial science, known for his dedication, expertise, and profound impact. His commitment to academic and professional excellence, coupled with innovative research, positions him as a prominent figure in the world of 3D GIS and related spatial applications.Prof. Ram Narayan Yadava holds the position of Advisor (Research & International Affairs) at Mansarovar Global University, Madhya Pradesh, India. He has worked as an advisor of the AISECT Group of Universities and a founding Vice Chancellor of the AISECT University, Hazaribag (Jharkhand), India. Prof. Yadava is also a founding member of a premier scientific research organization named Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) under the umbrella of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India. His research interests include Solid Mechanics, Environmental Quality and Water Resources, Hydrologic Modelling, Environmental Modelling, and R&D Planning and Management. Dr. Yadava has executed a variety of research/consultancy projects in the areas of Water Resources Planning and Management, Environment, Remote Sensing, Mathematical Modelling, Technology Forecasting, etc. He has adequate experience in establishing institutes/organizations. In addition, he has adequate experience in planning, formulating, executing, and managing R&D programs including organizing seminars/symposia/conferences at national and international levels. He has guided a number of M. Tech. and Ph.D. students in the area of Mathematical Sciences and Earth Sciences. Dr. Yadava has visited and delivered invited lectures at different institutes/universities in India as well as abroad in various countries such as the USA, Canada, UK, France, Thailand, Germany, South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Costa Rica, The Netherlands, France, China, Tunisia and Australia. He is a Recipient of Raman Research Fellowship and other awards. Dr. Yadava has been recognized for four decades of leadership in research and service to the hydrologic, environmental, and water resources profession. Dr. Yadava's contribution to the state of the art has been significant in many different specialty areas, including water resources management, environmental sciences, irrigation science, soil and water conservation engineering, and mathematical modelling. He has published more than 100 journal articles; four textbooks; sixteen edited reference books. He is a reviewer of scientific journals and a member of the scientific committee of international conferences. He also holds the position of Vice President of the International Association of Water, Environment, Energy, and Society.

• Part 1 - Introduction.- Chapter 1: Geospatial Technology in the Smart City Paradigm.- Part 2 - Smart Cities: A Paradigm Shift.- Chapter 2: Spatial Data Sharing in Smart Cities Implementation: A Systematic Literature Review.- Chapter 3: Exploring The Use Of Geospatial Technologies To Enhance Sustainable Bungalow Design For Smart Urban Development.- Chapter 4: Advancements in Geospatial Data Utilization: Driving Smart City Innovations and Sustainable Urban Management.- Chapter 5: Graph Database and GIS Integration for Infrastructure Asset Information Management in Smart Cities.- Chapter 6: Understanding the Key Features of Urban Mobility for Sustainable Smart Cities.- Chapter 7: Enhancing Smart City Infrastructure with GNSS-Based Cadastral Reference Marks.- Part 3 - Geospatial Data Acquisition and Analysis.- Chapter 8: Coastal Erosion Assessment Using Three-Dimensional Octree-Duality Voxel Data Structure.- Chapter 9: Spatial Intelligence for Efficient High-Rise Building Maintenance and Repair.- Chapter 10: Managing Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Lifecycle Event in Graph Database in Asset Maintenance.- Part 4 - Urban Planning and Geospatial Integration.- Chapter 11: Living to the Dead Smart Urban Planning: Geospatial Approach for Sustainable Urban Cemeteries Management in Malaysia.- Chapter 12: Harnessing Topology for Smart Urban Development – The Connectivity, Containment, and Adjacency.- Chapter 13: Enhancing Building Material Classification in Smart Cities through Neural Network Technology.- Chapter 14: Geospatial-Species: Amphibian Amidst Urban Expansion.- Part 5- Sustainable Resource Management.- Chapter 15: Geospatial Approach for Managing Water-Related Disasters.- Chapter 16: Geospatial Solutions for Public Services Planning in Smart Cities.- Part 6 - Environmental Conservation and Resilience.- Chapter 17: A Scoping Review: Integrating Big Data and GIS Applications in Environmental Science.- Chapter 18: The Accuracy Patterns of Mobile Geolocation Data for Urban Tree Inventory.- Chapter 19: Optimizing Urban Planning through Geospatial Insights for Climate and Environmental Sustainability.- Part 7 - Case Studies: Real-world Applications.- Chapter 20: Urban Heat Islands Dynamics in Relation to Vegetation Cover Changes and Their Implications for Urban Sustainability: A Case Study of Facatativá Municipality, Colombia.- Chapter 21: Revolutionizing Infectious Disease Epidemiology in Smart Cities: Geo-AI Modeling for Outbreak Investigation, Prediction, and Control.- Chapter 22: Integrating Geospatial Solutions for Smart Cities: A Case Study of Landslide Pattern Analysis in Penang Island for Sustainable Development.- Chapter 23: The Impact of MRT Development on Land Use Patterns in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur (2010-2020): A Study in Spatial Synergy and Sustainable Urban Development.- Chapter 24: Harnessing Geospatial Technologies for Enhancing Urban Mobility and Accessibility: The Case of Autonomous Vehicles. Part 8 - Update, Conclusion and Recommendation.- Chapter 25: A Vision for Tomorrow's Smart Cities.

Prof. Uznir Ujang is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), where he also leads the 3D GIS Research Group. As a member of this esteemed faculty, ranked No. 1 in Malaysia and among the top 100 in the world for Built Environment by the QS World University Rankings 2025, he plays a key role in advancing research and innovation in the field of spatial science. UTM, a leading government-funded institution in Malaysia, attests to its excellence by securing the top spot in the country's engineering and technology rankings. Prof. Uznir's distinguished career is highlighted by his diverse affiliations and outstanding contributions. In addition to his academic role, he holds a prestigious position on the Malaysia Board of Technologists (MBOT), underlining his recognition as a technologist. Furthermore, he is a dedicated member of the Royal Institution of Surveyors Malaysia (RISM), showcasing his commitment to the surveying profession. His influence extends beyond Malaysia, as he actively engages with international organizations. He is a valued member of the Institute of Geospatial and Remote Sensing Malaysia (IGRSM) and contributes his expertise to the global geospatial community. His active participation also extends to the International Society of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, and Spatial Science (ISPRS), where he collaborates with international peers and experts. Prof. Uznir's expertise spans a wide range of research domains in spatial applications. He has made significant strides in 3D city modeling, 3D Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Smart Cities, Building Information Modeling (BIM), topology, and spatial data structures. His work not only enriches academic knowledge but also finds practical applications in various industries. His innovative thinking and research have earned him significant recognition. He holds 12 intellectual properties (IP), including patents and copyrights, a testament to his ability to generate novel solutions that push the boundaries of spatial science. Beyond his academic and professional roles, Prof. Uznir is at the forefront of advanced research projects in 3D city modeling and applications, contributing to our understanding of urban environments and their practical implications. With a wealth of experience in research universities, he excels in various aspects of GIS research and development, including research planning, publication, professional consultation, and project management. His substantial contributions to the academic community are evident in his authorship of over 100 scholarly articles, many of which have been published in highly regarded international journals and presented at prestigious conferences. His work has garnered more than 807 citations and an H-Index of 15, underscoring his active and influential role in the scientific community. In summary, Prof. Uznir Ujang is a leading authority in the realm of spatial science, known for his dedication, expertise, and profound impact. His commitment to academic and professional excellence, coupled with innovative research, positions him as a prominent figure in the world of 3D GIS and related spatial applications.Prof. Ram Narayan Yadava holds the position of Advisor (Research & International Affairs) at Mansarovar Global University, Madhya Pradesh, India. He has worked as an advisor of the AISECT Group of Universities and a founding Vice Chancellor of the AISECT University, Hazaribag (Jharkhand), India. Prof. Yadava is also a founding member of a premier scientific research organization named Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) under the umbrella of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India. His research interests include Solid Mechanics, Environmental Quality and Water Resources, Hydrologic Modelling, Environmental Modelling, and R&D Planning and Management. Dr. Yadava has executed a variety of research/consultancy projects in the areas of Water Resources Planning and Management, Environment, Remote Sensing, Mathematical Modelling, Technology Forecasting, etc. He has adequate experience in establishing institutes/organizations. In addition, he has adequate experience in planning, formulating, executing, and managing R&D programs including organizing seminars/symposia/conferences at national and international levels. He has guided a number of M. Tech. and Ph.D. students in the area of Mathematical Sciences and Earth Sciences. Dr. Yadava has visited and delivered invited lectures at different institutes/universities in India as well as abroad in various countries such as the USA, Canada, UK, France, Thailand, Germany, South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Costa Rica, The Netherlands, France, China, Tunisia and Australia. He is a Recipient of Raman Research Fellowship and other awards. Dr. Yadava has been recognized for four decades of leadership in research and service to the hydrologic, environmental, and water resources profession. Dr. Yadava's contribution to the state of the art has been significant in many different specialty areas, including water resources management, environmental sciences, irrigation science, soil and water conservation engineering, and mathematical modelling. He has published more than 100 journal articles; four textbooks; sixteen edited reference books. He is a reviewer of scientific journals and a member of the scientific committee of international conferences. He also holds the position of Vice President of the International Association of Water, Environment, Energy, and Society.

• Part 1 - Introduction.- Chapter 1: Geospatial Technology in the Smart City Paradigm.- Part 2 - Smart Cities: A Paradigm Shift.- Chapter 2: Spatial Data Sharing in Smart Cities Implementation: A Systematic Literature Review.- Chapter 3: Exploring The Use Of Geospatial Technologies To Enhance Sustainable Bungalow Design For Smart Urban Development.- Chapter 4: Advancements in Geospatial Data Utilization: Driving Smart City Innovations and Sustainable Urban Management.- Chapter 5: Graph Database and GIS Integration for Infrastructure Asset Information Management in Smart Cities.- Chapter 6: Understanding the Key Features of Urban Mobility for Sustainable Smart Cities.- Chapter 7: Enhancing Smart City Infrastructure with GNSS-Based Cadastral Reference Marks.- Part 3 - Geospatial Data Acquisition and Analysis.- Chapter 8: Coastal Erosion Assessment Using Three-Dimensional Octree-Duality Voxel Data Structure.- Chapter 9: Spatial Intelligence for Efficient High-Rise Building Maintenance and Repair.- Chapter 10: Managing Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Lifecycle Event in Graph Database in Asset Maintenance.- Part 4 - Urban Planning and Geospatial Integration.- Chapter 11: Living to the Dead Smart Urban Planning: Geospatial Approach for Sustainable Urban Cemeteries Management in Malaysia.- Chapter 12: Harnessing Topology for Smart Urban Development – The Connectivity, Containment, and Adjacency.- Chapter 13: Enhancing Building Material Classification in Smart Cities through Neural Network Technology.- Chapter 14: Geospatial-Species: Amphibian Amidst Urban Expansion.- Part 5- Sustainable Resource Management.- Chapter 15: Geospatial Approach for Managing Water-Related Disasters.- Chapter 16: Geospatial Solutions for Public Services Planning in Smart Cities.- Part 6 - Environmental Conservation and Resilience.- Chapter 17: A Scoping Review: Integrating Big Data and GIS Applications in Environmental Science.- Chapter 18: The Accuracy Patterns of Mobile Geolocation Data for Urban Tree Inventory.- Chapter 19: Optimizing Urban Planning through Geospatial Insights for Climate and Environmental Sustainability.- Part 7 - Case Studies: Real-world Applications.- Chapter 20: Urban Heat Islands Dynamics in Relation to Vegetation Cover Changes and Their Implications for Urban Sustainability: A Case Study of Facatativá Municipality, Colombia.- Chapter 21: Revolutionizing Infectious Disease Epidemiology in Smart Cities: Geo-AI Modeling for Outbreak Investigation, Prediction, and Control.- Chapter 22: Integrating Geospatial Solutions for Smart Cities: A Case Study of Landslide Pattern Analysis in Penang Island for Sustainable Development.- Chapter 23: The Impact of MRT Development on Land Use Patterns in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur (2010-2020): A Study in Spatial Synergy and Sustainable Urban Development.- Chapter 24: Harnessing Geospatial Technologies for Enhancing Urban Mobility and Accessibility: The Case of Autonomous Vehicles. Part 8 - Update, Conclusion and Recommendation.- Chapter 25: A Vision for Tomorrow's Smart Cities.

Prof. Uznir Ujang is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), where he also leads the 3D GIS Research Group. As a member of this esteemed faculty, ranked No. 1 in Malaysia and among the top 100 in the world for Built Environment by the QS World University Rankings 2025, he plays a key role in advancing research and innovation in the field of spatial science. UTM, a leading government-funded institution in Malaysia, attests to its excellence by securing the top spot in the country's engineering and technology rankings. Prof. Uznir's distinguished career is highlighted by his diverse affiliations and outstanding contributions. In addition to his academic role, he holds a prestigious position on the Malaysia Board of Technologists (MBOT), underlining his recognition as a technologist. Furthermore, he is a dedicated member of the Royal Institution of Surveyors Malaysia (RISM), showcasing his commitment to the surveying profession. His influence extends beyond Malaysia, as he actively engages with international organizations. He is a valued member of the Institute of Geospatial and Remote Sensing Malaysia (IGRSM) and contributes his expertise to the global geospatial community. His active participation also extends to the International Society of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, and Spatial Science (ISPRS), where he collaborates with international peers and experts. Prof. Uznir's expertise spans a wide range of research domains in spatial applications. He has made significant strides in 3D city modeling, 3D Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Smart Cities, Building Information Modeling (BIM), topology, and spatial data structures. His work not only enriches academic knowledge but also finds practical applications in various industries. His innovative thinking and research have earned him significant recognition. He holds 12 intellectual properties (IP), including patents and copyrights, a testament to his ability to generate novel solutions that push the boundaries of spatial science. Beyond his academic and professional roles, Prof. Uznir is at the forefront of advanced research projects in 3D city modeling and applications, contributing to our understanding of urban environments and their practical implications. With a wealth of experience in research universities, he excels in various aspects of GIS research and development, including research planning, publication, professional consultation, and project management. His substantial contributions to the academic community are evident in his authorship of over 100 scholarly articles, many of which have been published in highly regarded international journals and presented at prestigious conferences. His work has garnered more than 807 citations and an H-Index of 15, underscoring his active and influential role in the scientific community. In summary, Prof. Uznir Ujang is a leading authority in the realm of spatial science, known for his dedication, expertise, and profound impact. His commitment to academic and professional excellence, coupled with innovative research, positions him as a prominent figure in the world of 3D GIS and related spatial applications.Prof. Ram Narayan Yadava holds the position of Advisor (Research & International Affairs) at Mansarovar Global University, Madhya Pradesh, India. He has worked as an advisor of the AISECT Group of Universities and a founding Vice Chancellor of the AISECT University, Hazaribag (Jharkhand), India. Prof. Yadava is also a founding member of a premier scientific research organization named Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) under the umbrella of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India. His research interests include Solid Mechanics, Environmental Quality and Water Resources, Hydrologic Modelling, Environmental Modelling, and R&D Planning and Management. Dr. Yadava has executed a variety of research/consultancy projects in the areas of Water Resources Planning and Management, Environment, Remote Sensing, Mathematical Modelling, Technology Forecasting, etc. He has adequate experience in establishing institutes/organizations. In addition, he has adequate experience in planning, formulating, executing, and managing R&D programs including organizing seminars/symposia/conferences at national and international levels. He has guided a number of M. Tech. and Ph.D. students in the area of Mathematical Sciences and Earth Sciences. Dr. Yadava has visited and delivered invited lectures at different institutes/universities in India as well as abroad in various countries such as the USA, Canada, UK, France, Thailand, Germany, South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Costa Rica, The Netherlands, France, China, Tunisia and Australia. He is a Recipient of Raman Research Fellowship and other awards. Dr. Yadava has been recognized for four decades of leadership in research and service to the hydrologic, environmental, and water resources profession. Dr. Yadava's contribution to the state of the art has been significant in many different specialty areas, including water resources management, environmental sciences, irrigation science, soil and water conservation engineering, and mathematical modelling. He has published more than 100 journal articles; four textbooks; sixteen edited reference books. He is a reviewer of scientific journals and a member of the scientific committee of international conferences. He also holds the position of Vice President of the International Association of Water, Environment, Energy, and Society.

• Part 1 - Introduction.- Chapter 1: Geospatial Technology in the Smart City Paradigm.- Part 2 - Smart Cities: A Paradigm Shift.- Chapter 2: Spatial Data Sharing in Smart Cities Implementation: A Systematic Literature Review.- Chapter 3: Exploring The Use Of Geospatial Technologies To Enhance Sustainable Bungalow Design For Smart Urban Development.- Chapter 4: Advancements in Geospatial Data Utilization: Driving Smart City Innovations and Sustainable Urban Management.- Chapter 5: Graph Database and GIS Integration for Infrastructure Asset Information Management in Smart Cities.- Chapter 6: Understanding the Key Features of Urban Mobility for Sustainable Smart Cities.- Chapter 7: Enhancing Smart City Infrastructure with GNSS-Based Cadastral Reference Marks.- Part 3 - Geospatial Data Acquisition and Analysis.- Chapter 8: Coastal Erosion Assessment Using Three-Dimensional Octree-Duality Voxel Data Structure.- Chapter 9: Spatial Intelligence for Efficient High-Rise Building Maintenance and Repair.- Chapter 10: Managing Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Lifecycle Event in Graph Database in Asset Maintenance.- Part 4 - Urban Planning and Geospatial Integration.- Chapter 11: Living to the Dead Smart Urban Planning: Geospatial Approach for Sustainable Urban Cemeteries Management in Malaysia.- Chapter 12: Harnessing Topology for Smart Urban Development – The Connectivity, Containment, and Adjacency.- Chapter 13: Enhancing Building Material Classification in Smart Cities through Neural Network Technology.- Chapter 14: Geospatial-Species: Amphibian Amidst Urban Expansion.- Part 5- Sustainable Resource Management.- Chapter 15: Geospatial Approach for Managing Water-Related Disasters.- Chapter 16: Geospatial Solutions for Public Services Planning in Smart Cities.- Part 6 - Environmental Conservation and Resilience.- Chapter 17: A Scoping Review: Integrating Big Data and GIS Applications in Environmental Science.- Chapter 18: The Accuracy Patterns of Mobile Geolocation Data for Urban Tree Inventory.- Chapter 19: Optimizing Urban Planning through Geospatial Insights for Climate and Environmental Sustainability.- Part 7 - Case Studies: Real-world Applications.- Chapter 20: Urban Heat Islands Dynamics in Relation to Vegetation Cover Changes and Their Implications for Urban Sustainability: A Case Study of Facatativá Municipality, Colombia.- Chapter 21: Revolutionizing Infectious Disease Epidemiology in Smart Cities: Geo-AI Modeling for Outbreak Investigation, Prediction, and Control.- Chapter 22: Integrating Geospatial Solutions for Smart Cities: A Case Study of Landslide Pattern Analysis in Penang Island for Sustainable Development.- Chapter 23: The Impact of MRT Development on Land Use Patterns in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur (2010-2020): A Study in Spatial Synergy and Sustainable Urban Development.- Chapter 24: Harnessing Geospatial Technologies for Enhancing Urban Mobility and Accessibility: The Case of Autonomous Vehicles. Part 8 - Update, Conclusion and Recommendation.- Chapter 25: A Vision for Tomorrow's Smart Cities.