From the Heliosphere to the Local Bubble: The Local Interstellar Medium

The American Astronomical Society recently honored Jeffrey Linsky as a Fellow of the AAS "for decades of innovative studies of the heliosphere and the local interstellar medium; for his models of stellar chromospheres, for productive observing programs on multiple satellites and for establishing the deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio in the local disk, among other scientific contributions, and for his decades of service to the astronomical community."He has played a very active role in establishing the scientific objectives of numerous NASA telescopes including the Far Ultraviolet Spectrograph Observatory (FUSE), Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) including being on the science teams that designed the High Resolution Spectrograph (HRS), the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), and the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS). He has served on many advisory groups for NASA including peer review panels and science advisory groups for various missions and has served on two Senior Review Panels for NASA.His research covers the topics of stellar chromospheres, stellar coronae, stellar winds, exoplanet atmospheres, and the local interstellar medium. He has published 407 peer reviewed papers (H-index = 88) in the astrophysical journals, has written one book (Host Stars and their effects on Exoplanet Atmospheres) and edited five others, and has written a number of review papers on these topics. He is often asked to be an invited speaker at scientific conferences in these fields. His research and publications are described in his website jila.colorado.edu/~jlinsky/. His CV is included in the website under the topic "Biography".Seth Redfield is the Fisk Professor of Natural Science and Professor of Astronomy at Wesleyan University, home to the Van Vleck Observatory. His research centers on the physical properties and structure of the local interstellar medium—the gas and dust in our immediate Galactic environment—and its interaction with stars and planetary systems. Using high-resolution spectroscopy from major ground-based observatories and space facilities, he investigates both the interstellar material surrounding the Sun and the atmospheres of exoplanets.He has been awarded observing time on leading facilities including the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope and serves on the Science Team of NASA’s New Horizons mission, which, after its encounter with Pluto, is now exploring the outer heliosphere and traveling toward the local interstellar medium.Professor Redfield is the author of more than 200 refereed journal articles spanning the local interstellar medium, stars and their circumstellar environments, and exoplanetary science. He co-authored the most recent comprehensive review of the local interstellar medium in the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. His work includes the first morphological and kinematic maps of the interstellar clouds directly surrounding the Sun, pioneering ground-based detections of exoplanet atmospheres, measurements of astrospheres—the interfaces between stellar winds and interstellar material—and the discovery of a near-resonant three-super-Earth system around a nearby star. More than one-third of his publications have been produced in collaboration with Wesleyan undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers.He lives in Wethersfield, Connecticut, with his wife and three children.

• Preface and perspective the multi faceted Local InterstellarMedium LISM.- The heliosphere is the Sun s astrosphere.- Astrospheres are stellar heliospheres.- Spectroscopic tools for remote sensing of interstellar propertiesand structure.- Theoretical models Predictions and Assumptions.- Semi-empirical models Predictions and Assumptions.- From the inside looking outward Pristine LISM propertiesfrom measurements inside the heliosphere.- Local warm partially ionized gas clouds identified by ultravioletspectroscopy.- Does the CLIC consist of Individual clouds or local warm gaswith gradients in physical properties.- Thermal and density inhomogeneity within warm clouds existenceand length scale.- Mixed clouds structures and the low neutral hydrogen densityin the CLIC.- Interactions of the heliosphere and the LISM.- Dust in the LISM.- Magnetic fields in the LISM.- Ionizing radiation in the LISM.- The Local Bubble An example of an old supernova remnant.- A plausible history of the LISM and the CLIC.- Missing physics Non-thermal plasma non Maxwellian plasma the roles played by magnetic fields etc.- Insights applicable to understanding Galactic and extra galacticinterstellar media and galactic evolution.