This volume introduces the fundamentals of e-waste and biomining, exploring microbial diversity, bioremediation strategies, and the global resource landscape. It delves into advanced technologies for metal recovery, including biosorption, genetic engineering, bioinformatics, and rare earth element extraction. Readers will also find insights into innovative hybrid systems such as photocatalysis and photoluminescence, alongside sustainable approaches for marine resources and dye degradation. Designed for researchers and engineers, this book provides the scientific and technological foundation for eco-friendly recovery of valuable metals from electronic waste.