Pyrolysis of Biomass

Shurong Wang, Zhongyang Luo, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

• Chapter 1 Biomass components and their characteristics1.1 Biomass components1.1.1 Ultimate and proximate analysis1.1.2 Components composition1.2 Cellulose1.2.1 Structure characteristics of cellulose1.2.2 Physico-chemical properties of cellulose1.2.3 Cellulose model compounds and the isolation of cellulose1.3 Hemicellulose1.3.1 Structure characteristics of hemicellulose1.3.2 Physico-chemical properties of hemicellulose1.3.3 Hemicellulose model compounds and the isolation of hemicellulose1.4 Lignin1.4.1 Structure characteristics of lignin1.4.2 Physico-chemical properties of lignin1.4.3 Lignin model compounds and the isolation of lignin1.5 Extractive1.6 Mineral Salt1.6.1 Compositions of mineral salts1.6.2 Leaching of mineral salts1.7 Moisture in raw biomass ReferenceChapter 2 Pyrolysis of cellulose2.1 Process of cellulose pyrolysis2.1.1 Overview of cellulose pyrolysis2.1.2 Pyrolysis of cellulose model compounds2.2 Effects of different parameters on the pyrolysis behavior of cellulose2.2.1 Effects of temperature2.2.2 Effects of residence time2.2.3 Effects of acid pretreatment2.2.4 Effects of other parameters2.3 Kinetic models for cellulose pyrolysis 2.3.1 Single step model2.3.2 Two step model2.3.3 Multi-step model2.4 Active cellulose2.4.1 The acquisition and characterization of active cellulose2.4.2 Effects of different parameters on the characteristics of active cellulose2.5 Mechanism of cellulose pyrolysis based on product formation2.5.1 Formation mechanism of levoglucosan2.5.2 Formation mechanism of 5-hydroxymethl furfural2.5.3 Formation mechanism of glycolaldehyde and 1-hydroxy-2-propanone2.5.4 Formation mechanism of small molecular gases 2.6 Application of computational chemistry in the study of mechanism of cellulose pyrolysis2.6.1 Simulation of cellulose monomer pyrolysis2.6.2 Simulation of cellobiose and cellotriose pyrolysis2.6.3 Simulation of periodically structural cellulose pyrolysisReference Attached listChapter 3 Pyrolysis of hemicellulose3.1 Process of hemicellulose pyrolysis3.1.1 Pyrolysis of monosaccharides3.1.2 Pyrolysis of xylan and other glycan 3.1.3 Pyrolysis of isolated hemicelluloses3.1.4 Comparison of the pyrolysis of xylan and hemicellulose monosaccharides3.2 Effects of different parameters on the pyrolysis behavior of hemicellulose3.2.1 Effect of temperature3.2.2 Effect of residence time3.2.3 Effects of other parameters3.3 Mechanism of hemicelluloses pyrolysis3.3.1 Kinetic models for hemicellulose pyrolysis3.3.2 Mechanism of hemicellulose pyrolysis based on products formation3.3.3 Mechanism of hemicellulose pyrolysis at the molecular levelReferenceAttached listChapter 4 Pyrolysis of lignin4.1 Process of lignin pyrolysis4.1.1 Introduction of lignin pyrolysis4.1.2 Pyrolysis of lignin model compounds with typical functional groups4.1.3 Pyrolysis of various lignin4.2 Effects of different parameters on the pyrolysis behavior of lignin4.2.1 Effect of temperature4.2.2 Effect of residence time4.2.3 Effects of other parameters4.3 Mechanism of lignin pyrolysis4.3.1 Kinetic models for lignin pyrolysis4.3.2 Mechanism of lignin pyrolysis based on products formation4.3.3 Mechanism of lignin pyrolysis at the molecular levelReferenceAttached listChapter 5 Interactions of biomass components during pyrolysis 5.1 Interaction of different biomass components5.1.1 Interaction of cellulose and hemicellulose5.1.1 Interaction of cellulose and lignin5.1.1 Interaction of hemicellulose and lignin5.2 Pyrolysis of three-component mixtures5.2.1 Thermal weight loss behavior of different three-component mixtures5.2.2 Products distribution from pyrolysis of different three-component mixtures5.3 Pyrolysis of detergent fibers5.3.1 Pyrolysis behavior of different detergent fibers5.3.2 Products distribution from pyrolysis of different detergent fibers5.4 Influence of extractives on biomass pyrolysis5.4.1 Pyrolysis behavior of extractives5.4.2 Influence of the extractives on biomass pyrolysisReferenceAttached listChapter 6 Selective pyrolysis of biomass components6.1 Influence of mineral salts on the pyrolysis of biomass components6.1.1 Influence of mineral salts on the pyrolysis kinetics of biomass components 6.1.2 Influence of mineral salts on the cellulose pyrolytic products distribution 6.2 Influence of zeolite catalysts on pyrolysis of biomass components6.2.1 The characteristics and classification of zeolite catalyst6.2.2 Influence of microporous zeolites on the pyrolysis of biomass components6.2.3 Influence of mesoporous zeolites on the pyrolysis of biomass components6.3 Influence of metal oxide on the pyrolysis of biomass components6.3.1 Structural characteristics of metal oxide6.3.2 Influence of metal oxide on the pyrolysis of biomass componentsReferenceAttached listChapter 7 Pyrolysis of biomass7.1 Overview of biomass pyrolysis7.2 Pyrolysis of different species of biomass7.2.1 Pyrolysis of forestry biomass7.2.2 Pyrolysis of agricultural biomass7.2.3 Pyrolysis of herbaceous biomass7.2.4 Pyrolysis of aquatic biomass7.2.5 Products distribution from pyrolysis of different species of biomass7.3 Biomass fast pyrolysis liquefaction7.3.1 Primary process of biomass fast pyrolysis liquefaction7.3.2 Effects of different parameters on biomass fast pyrolysis liquefaction7.4 Bio-oil graded catalytic upgrading7.4.1 High-efficiency separation by molecular distillation7.4.2 Upgrading of bio-oil molecular distilled fractions Reference