Abayomi Bamisaye is a lecturer and researcher at the Department of Chemical Sciences (Chemistry Unit), Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria, and a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa. Sesan Abiodun Aransiola is a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Auditing, University of South Africa, Pretoria, and a lecturer at the Department of Microbiology, University of Abuja, Nigeria. Nelson Oshogwue Etafo is a lecturer at the Carolina Universidad in Saltillo and the Universidad Politécnica de Ramos Arizpe (UPRA) in Mexico. Mopelola Abidemi Idowu is a Professor at the Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria. Naga Raju Maddela is a Full Professor at the Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.

• Preface xixForeword xxiAcknowledgment xxiiiAbout the Editors xxvAI Use Disclosure Statement xxixPart 1 Introduction to Climate Change and Catalysis 11 The Climate Change Crisis: Emerging Causes and Effects 3Marell Navarro-Rojas, Rodrigo Duarte-Casar, Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides, Darío Mondavi-Sobby, Mauricio Colpari-Pozzo, Tatiana Ordóñez-Zambrano, and Marlene Rojas-Le-Fort1.1 Introduction 31.2 An Overview of Climate Change Drivers 41.3 Greenhouse Effect and Radiative Forcing 51.4 Deforestation 61.5 Industrialization 71.6 Significant Implications 81.7 The Role of Energy Production and Use in Accelerating Climate Change 111.8 Economic and Geopolitical Outlook 121.9 Global Initiatives and Agreements to Reduce Climate Impacts 131.10 Obstacles 141.11 Systemic Change 141.12 The Importance of Creating Sustainable Technology to Combat Climate Change 151.13 Conclusion 172 The Role of Catalysts in Combating Climate Change 25Innocent Ojeba Musa, Abdulhakeem Idris Abdulhakeem, Mustapha Abdulsalam, Miracle Uwa Livinus, Kolawole Saheed Oluwasola, Ummi Aminu Maikano, Abraham Esther Joshua, and Muhammed Abdulazeez2.1 Introduction 252.2 Fundamental Concepts of Catalysis 262.3 Catalysts in Green Chemistry 272.4 Catalytic Processes for Greenhouse Gas Reduction 282.5 Catalysts in Renewable Energy Technologies 302.6 Challenges and Innovations in Catalysis for Climate Change 312.7 Industrial Applications of Catalysis in Climate Change Mitigation 322.8 Catalysis in Policy and Regulation 332.9 Socioeconomic Impacts of Catalytic Technologies 342.10 Recommendations and Policy Implications 352.11 Conclusion 363 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts in Climate Change Mitigations 41Abdulhakeem Idris Abdulhakeem, Innocent Ojeba Musa, Mustapha Abdulsalam, Miracle Uwa Livinus, Kolawole Saheed Oluwasola, Abraham Esther Joshua, and Muhammed Abdulazeez3.1 Introduction 413.2 Role of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts in Reducing Greenhouse Gases 423.3 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts in Renewable Energy Technologies 433.4 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts in Pollution Control 443.5 Mechanisms of Action of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 483.6 Advancements in Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts Fabrication 503.7 Challenges and Limitations 513.8 Recommendations 533.9 Conclusion 564 Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts for Energy Production 59A. O. Esan, O. S. Dabo, A. Olasupo, O. A. Olalere, and A. A. Oladunni4.1 Introduction 594.2 Synthesis Techniques for Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 604.3 Procedures Involved in Green Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 634.4 Challenges in the Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 684.5 Characterization of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 704.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 70Part 2 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts: Mechanisms and Reactions 775 Surface Chemistry of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 79Nelson Oshogwue Etafo, Abayomi Bamisaye, Nouf Alharbi, Sreedeep Dey, Olubusayo Funmilola Semire, Jose Refugio Parga Torres, Mopelola Abidemi Idowu, and Henrietta W. Langmi5.1 Introduction 795.2 Processes Involved in Surface Chemistry 815.3 The Effects of OVs and Defect Locations on Catalytic Activity Enhancement 855.4 Surface Modification Techniques to Improve Catalytic Performance 855.5 Metal Deposition 865.6 Surface Coating and Functionalization 875.7 Creating Defects and Active Sites 885.8 Support Modification 895.9 The Effect of Particle Size and Shape on Catalytic Efficiency 895.10 Effect of Particle Size 905.11 Effect of Particle Shape 905.12 Challenges and Future Directions in the Surface Chemistry of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 915.13 Conclusion 926 Redox Reactions Catalyzed by Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 99Monsuru Adewale Adekola, Ayodeji Ralpheal Ige, Emmanuel Olurotimi Ogunbiyi, Olumuyiwa O. Ogunlaja, and Abayomi Bamisaye6.1 Introduction 996.2 Role of Nano-Catalysts in Enhancing Redox Processes 1006.3 Importance of Metal Oxides as Catalytic Materials 1006.4 Fundamentals of Redox Reactions 1016.5 Synthesis Methods of MeONCs 1036.6 Mechanisms of Redox Catalysis by Metal Oxides 1046.7 Applications of MeONCs in Redox Reactions 1066.8 Energy Conversion and Storage 1086.9 Conclusion 1107 Photocatalysis Using Metal Oxides 117Shakirudeen Modupe Abati, Abayomi Bamisaye, Kolawole Kazeem, Ayodeji Ralpheal Ige, Oresegun Olakunle Ibrahim, Olumuyiwa O. Ogunlaja, Mopelola Abidemi Idowu, and Henrietta W. Langmi7.1 Introduction 1177.2 Fundamental Principles and Mechanisms of Photocatalysis 1187.3 Strategies for Enhancing Photocatalytic Activity 1237.4 Applications of MO Photocatalysis 1267.5 Current Challenges in MO Photocatalysis 1287.6 Future Perspectives and Research Directions 1287.7 Conclusion 129Part 3 Applications of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts in Energy Production for a Sustainable Environment 1378 Metal Oxides for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Conversion 139Aash Mohammad, Rohit Kumar Singh, Niyamat Ullah Khan, Mohammad Asif, Wasim Khan, and Sujeet Kumar Pandey8.1 Introduction 1398.2 Classification and Properties of Metal Oxides 1408.3 Mechanisms of CO2 Capture by Metal Oxides 1418.4 CO2 Conversion Technologies Using Metal Oxides 1428.5 Nanostructuring and Morphological Effects 1448.6 Challenges in Metal Oxide-Based CO2 Capture and Conversion Systems 1458.7 Recent Advancements and Future Directions 1468.8 Conclusions 1479 Green Hydrogen from Water Splitting Using Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 153Sujeet Kumar Pandey, Rohit Kumar Singh, Aash Mohammad, Mohammad Asif, and Wasim Khan9.1 Introduction 1539.2 Overview of Water Splitting Processes and Role of Metal Oxide Nanostructures in Enhancing Efficiency 1559.3 Role of Metal Oxide Nanostructures in OER and HER 1579.4 Mechanisms of Hydrogen Production via Water Splitting: Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Water Splitting 1599.5 Recent Progress in Developing High-Efficiency Catalysts for H2 Production 1629.6 Challenges and Potential in Scaling Up Hydrogen Production 1649.7 Conclusion 16610 Innovation of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts for Air Pollution Control 177Abdulazeez Muhammed, Mustapha Abdulsalam, Innocent Ojeba Musa, Miracle Uwa Livinus, Ismail Rabiu, Abdulhakeem Idris Abdulhakeem, Emmanuel Olabi Moses, and Issa Sheriffdeen Bale10.1 Introduction 17710.2 Mechanisms of Nanocatalyst in Environmental Remediation 17810.3 Nanotechnology and Air Pollution 18110.4 Nanocoatings 18110.5 Nanosensor 18110.6 Degradation as a Nano Purifier 18210.7 Adsorption as a Nano Purifier 18310.8 Filtration as an Air Purifier 18310.9 Design a Mega Machine Device Consisting of Nanotechnology-Based Cascaded Filters to Clean Polluted Air 18310.10 Challenges and Future Directions 18410.11 Conclusion 18411 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts for Water Purification Processes 187Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Olayinka S. Okoh, Temitope O. Fakoya, Solomon A. Olaleru, Mercy O. Bamigboye, and Ameen O. Adiru11.1 Introduction 18711.2 Metal Oxide Catalysts for Degrading Organic Contaminants in Water 18811.3 Removal of Heavy Metals and Emerging Pollutants like Pharmaceuticals and Pesticides 19011.4 Photocatalysis and AOPs for Water Treatment 19111.5 Challenges with Scaling up Nanocatalysts for Widespread Water Filtration 19311.6 Prospects for MONC-Based Sustainable Water Treatment 19411.7 Conclusion 196Part 4 Advanced, Industrial, and Environmental Impact of Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts Systems 20112 Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 203Olayinka Oderinde, Saheed Abiola Raheem, Chiamaka Linda Mgbechidinma, Joshua Iseoluwa Orege, Yuanfeng Wu, Adetola Abiola Ajayi, Olakunle Ibrahim Oresegun, Emmanuel Ohifueme Alegbe, Dayo A Ayeni, and Oluseyi Olaniyi Olaide12.1 Overview of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Their Combination with Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts (MONCs) 20312.2 Conclusion 21312.3 Future Outlook for MOF-MONC Composites in Climate-Related Technologies 21313 Bimetallic and Multimetallic Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 221Shaima Hameed13.1 Introduction 22113.2 Structure and Morphology of MMOs 22313.3 Synthesis of MMOs 23013.4 Role of MMOS in Catalysis 23113.5 Mechanism of MMOs Catalytic Action 23513.6 Conclusions 23614 Composite and Hybrid Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts 243Glory Valentine Umoh, Nelson Oshogwue Etafo, and Muyideen Olaitan Bamidele14.1 Introduction 24314.2 Significance of Composites and Hybrids in Catalysis 24614.3 Advantages of Composite Nanocatalyst 24714.4 Major Application Sectors 24914.5 Design and Analysis Methodologies 25214.6 Emerging Trends and Future Perspectives 25214.7 Conclusion 25315 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts in Sustainable Energy Production for Climate Change Mitigation 259Joshua Ogboghena Akhigbe, Aisha Eniola Adegbite, Amina Yahaya, Juliana Okwena Pondei, Sesan Abiodun Aransiola, and Naga Raju Maddela15.1 Introduction 25915.2 Environmental Impact of Climate Change 26115.3 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts (MONCs): An Overview 26315.4 MONCs Application in Sustainable Energy Production 26715.5 MONCs Advantages Over Traditional Catalysts, Challenges, and Limitations 27316 Metal/Bimetallic Oxide Nanocatalysts for CO2 Conversion 285Mustapha Abdulsalam, Innocent Ojeba Musa, Miracle Uwa Livinus, Salam Olaitan Lateefat, Ganiyat Omotayo Ibrahim, Ibrahim Abdulrazaq, Abdulhakeem Idris Abdulhakeem, Ajadi Ibrahim, and Muhammed Abdulazeez16.1 Introduction 28516.2 Fundamentals of CO2 Electrochemical Reduction (CO2RR) 28716.3 Design and Synthesis Principles for Nanocatalysts 28916.4 Electrocatalytic Performance in CO2 Conversion 29116.5 Catalyst Stability and Deactivation Pathways 29316.6 Synergistic Effects in Bimetallic/Oxide Systems 29416.7 Applications and Integration in Energy Systems 29616.8 Future Perspectives and Research Roadmap 29816.9 Conclusion 30017 Metal Oxide Nanocatalysts: Eco-friendly Solutions for Catalysis in Green Chemistry 307Krishnaveni Manubolu and Raveesha Peeriga17.1 Introduction 30717.2 Types of MONCs 31117.3 Mechanisms of Catalysis in Green Chemistry 31517.4 Sustainable Manufacturing Processes 31717.5 Challenges and Limitations 31817.6 Future Perspectives and Emerging Trends 32017.7 Scalability and Environmental Compatibility 32517.8 Key Findings 32517.9 Potential of MONCs in Green Chemistry 32617.10 Future Research Directions for Sustainable Nanotechnology 32617.11 Conclusion 326References 327Index 333