Mohammed Maarouf, Doctorat d' État / Ph.D. (2004) in Literature, is Professor of Literary and Cultural Studies at Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco. He is a researcher in anthropology. He has conducted researches on Moroccan culture, some of which were published in the form of articles and others were presented as papers at international conferences.

'[T]he book is very well done and is an important addition to the fields of medical anthropology, mental health, and psychiatry. It also adds significantly to our understanding of Middle Eastern religion, culture, history, and politics.' Bill Ward in Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 24.4

• Chapter I: Local Histories: Sharifianism and PowerA. Historical Origins, B. The Maraboutic Institution and its Means of Survival, C. The Location of the Saint, D. The Saint’s Lineage, E. The Founding Legends, F. Royal Donations (in‘am), G. Organization, H. Shrine IncomeChapter II: The Buffi Representation of the World of JinnA. Jinn Attributes, B. Types of Jinn, C. Self vs. Other1. Magic (siḥr), 2. The Evil Eye (l-‘ain), 3. The Female Pursuer (tab‘a), 4. Harming Jinns unknowingly (al-aghlāṭ m‘a al-jinn)Chapter III: Jinn Eviction and Other Rituals as Discourses of PowerA. The Ritual of Pilgrimage (zyara), B. The Ritual of Cursing, C. The Ritual of Jinn Eviction (ṣri‘), D. Formulas for Jinn Eviction, E. The Ritual of Call for Rain, Chapter IV: The Paradigm of Authority: the Mythic Court of JinnA. Court Design, B. Court Institution, C. Invisible Jinn Eviction, D. The Paradigm of Servitude (khidma)