Paolo Sartori, Ph.D. (2006), University of Rome ‘la Sapienza’ is Senior Fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of Visions of Justice: Sharīʿa and Cultural Change in Russian Central Asia (Brill, 2016) and is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient.Ulfat Abdurasulov, Ph.D. (2009), History Institute, Tashkent, is Senior Fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. A recipient of many grants, he published in many scientific journals such as Iranian Studies, Ab Imperio, Eurasian Studies, Islamic Law and Society, and Der Islam.

"Paolo Sartori und Ulfat Abdurasulov haben sich beide in den letzten Jahren intensiv um die Erkundung zentralasiatischer Archivmaterialien verdient gemacht. [...] Neben der vor allem in der Einleitung vorgetragenen Darstellung und Analyse dieses auf den Herrscher zentrierten Rechtswesens ist der Band auch eine beachtliche editorische Leistung. Die Autoren – und Herausgeber – haben aus dem sehr großen Corpus der im Staatsarchiv von Usbekistan in Taschkent aufbewahrten Urkunden ein Sample von 73 Stücken ausgesucht, die das analysierte Verfahren veranschaulichen und gleichzeitig die Analyse stützen. Die Urkunden werden mit einem zusammenfassenden und erläuternden Text eingeleitet, was nötig ist, weil Leser sonst die Eigenheiten des Falles erst aus der spezifischen Sprache herauslesen müssten. Die Übersetzungen folgen, diese halten sich eng genug an die Vorlage, sind aber keine Interlinearversionen. Oft werden zentrale Passagen auch in der Originalsprache, aber in Umschrift gegeben. Die gleichen Urkunden hat man dann auch in der Lesung und als Faksimile. [...] Eine hervorragende Leistung!" – Jürgen Paul, in OLZ 116.4–5 (2021).

• ContentsPreface and AcknowledgmentsNote on Transcription and NomenclatureGlossaryIntroduction1 Crime and Punishment in an Uzbek Khanate2 The Historical Setting3 Who Were the Yasāvulbāshīs?4 ʿArż as a Form of Governance5 On Protocol6 Documents7 What Was the Cost of the ʿarż?Documents1 RescriptsDocument 1 28 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1328 / 30 December 1912. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over InheritanceDocument 2 9 Shavvāl 1328 /13 October 1913 A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over the Payment of DowryDocument 3 13 Shavvāl 1328 /17 October 1913. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 4 23 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1328 / December 25 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 5 17 Ẕī al-ḥījja 1328 / 19 December 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Debts Document 6 7 Shavvāl 1328 / 11 October 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over an Ancestral Undivided PropertyDocument 7 17 Shavvāl 1328 / 21 October 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī Instructing an Attendant to Investigate the Circumstances of a DisputeDocument 8 13 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1336 / 20 August 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over a Contested InheritanceDocument 9 7 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1336 / 19 January 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Landownership Document 10 24 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 7 January 1917. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 11 17 Shaʿbān 1328 / 26 May 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Murder2 ReportsDocument 12 8 Shavvāl [?]. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 13 4 Rabīʾ al-s̱ānī 1335 /27 January 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over CustodyDocument 14 24 Ṣafar 1334 / 30 December 1915. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over a DowryDocument 15 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1336 / March 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 16 Rabiʿ al-avval 1335 / December 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Domestic ViolenceDocument 17 27 Rajab [1330] / 12 July [1912]. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Water RightsDocument 18 22 Jumādī al-avval 1335/ 15 March 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Maintenance Works of the Irrigation SystemDocument 19 1328 / 1910. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī on Land Assessment WorksDocument 20 19 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1334 / 16 October 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 21 27 Ramażān 1336 / 6 July 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over DebtsDocument 22 16 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 / 8 February 1917. A Report by Provincial Governor and the qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 23 27 Shaʿbān 1336 / 08 June 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Death of a Man Involved in an AltercationDocument 24 Jumadī al-s̱ānī 1336 / March–April 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about MalfeasanceDocument 25 7 Muḥarram 1336 / 23 October 1917. A Report to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of MurderDocument 26 19 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1332 / 14 May 1330. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 27 1335 / 1916-1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 28 8 Muḥarram 1335 / 3 November 1916. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of ExtortionDocument 29 9 Shaʿbān 1334 / 10 June 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Losses Caused by Yomut TurkmensDocument 30 28 Ramażān 1336 / 7 July 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about MalfeasanceDocument 31 10 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1332 / 7 March 1914. A Report to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of a DebtDocument 32 15 Shavvāl 1328 / 9 October 1910. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of DebtDocument 33 9 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 2 November 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of DebtDocument 34 n.d. A Report of qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 35 8 Ramażān 1336 / 17 June 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Rights on a ThoroughfareDocument 36 Jumādī al-avval 1336 / February–March 1918. A Report by a Group of Officials to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Taxes in Favor of Yomut Turkmens3 NotificationsDocument 37 8 Ramażān 1334 / 8 July 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Assault and RobberyDocument 38 25 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1334 / 22 September 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 39 25 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1334 / 22 September 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 40 15 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 13[?] / [?]. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Armed RobberyDocument 41 5 Rajab 1336 / 16 April 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Robbery and AssaultDocument 42 n.d. A Notification by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Domestic ViolenceDocument 43 Shaʿbān 1335 / May–June 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor and qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Man’s DeathDocument 44 18 Shaʿbān 1334 / 19 June 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Bride-KidnappingDocument 45 26 Jumādī al-avval 1336 / 09 March 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Bride-KidnappingDocument 46 7 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1336 /19 March 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Robbery and HomicideDocument 47 17 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 / 9 February 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of AssaultDocument 48 22 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 /14 February 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 49 22 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 15 January 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Double HomicideDocument 50 18 Rajab 1336 / 29 April 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Multiple Cases of Robbery and HomicideDocument 51 Dhī al-s̱ānī 1335 / September–October 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 52 5 Shaʿbān 1336 / 15 May 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Rights of InheritanceDocument 53 12 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1336 / 19 August 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 54 15 Jumādī al-avval 1335 / 8 March 1915. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of HomicideDocument 55 5 Jumādīʾ al-avval 1329 / 3 March 1911. A Notification to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of HomicideDocument 56 25 Ṣafar 1335 / 20 December 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 57 2 Jumādī al-avval 1335 / 24 February 1917. A Notification by Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 58 27 Rajab 1339 / 5 April 1921. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 59 1334 / 1915–1916. A petition to the yasāvulbāshī regarding a Case of Robbery and AssaultDocument 60 1335 / 1916–1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over an Unpaid DebtDocument 61 14 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1337 / 10 August 1919. A Letter by the Turkmen Yomut Leader Junayd Khān to the yasāvulbāshī about the Appointment of a New qāżī to Solve Conflicts among the Ata TurkmensDocument 62 8 Ramażān 1332 / 30 July 1914. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Intention of the Disputing Parties to Solve the Dispute before the khanDocument 63 24 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1332 / 21 March 1914. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the intention of the disputing parties to solve the Dispute before the khan4 Qāżīs’ ReportsDocument 64 n.d. A Report by a qāżī-raʾis about the Intention of the Disputing Parties to Solve the Dispute before the khanDocument 65 7 Shaʿbān 1267 / 6 June 1851. A Report by a qāżī-raʾis to Authorities in Khiva about the Outcome of a Conflict at a Local BazaarDocument 66 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Dispute over Land OwnershipDocument 67 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about an Unspecified DisputeDocument 68 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Conflict over an Unpaid Fee and an Ensuing Case of AssaultDocument 69 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 70 n.d. A Report a qāżīs to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 71 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 72 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 73 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideFacsimilesBibliographyIndex of PlacesIndex of Proper Names

Paolo Sartori, Ph.D. (2006), University of Rome ‘la Sapienza’ is Senior Fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of Visions of Justice: Sharīʿa and Cultural Change in Russian Central Asia (Brill, 2016) and is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient.Ulfat Abdurasulov, Ph.D. (2009), History Institute, Tashkent, is Senior Fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. A recipient of many grants, he published in many scientific journals such as Iranian Studies, Ab Imperio, Eurasian Studies, Islamic Law and Society, and Der Islam.

"Paolo Sartori und Ulfat Abdurasulov haben sich beide in den letzten Jahren intensiv um die Erkundung zentralasiatischer Archivmaterialien verdient gemacht. [...] Neben der vor allem in der Einleitung vorgetragenen Darstellung und Analyse dieses auf den Herrscher zentrierten Rechtswesens ist der Band auch eine beachtliche editorische Leistung. Die Autoren – und Herausgeber – haben aus dem sehr großen Corpus der im Staatsarchiv von Usbekistan in Taschkent aufbewahrten Urkunden ein Sample von 73 Stücken ausgesucht, die das analysierte Verfahren veranschaulichen und gleichzeitig die Analyse stützen. Die Urkunden werden mit einem zusammenfassenden und erläuternden Text eingeleitet, was nötig ist, weil Leser sonst die Eigenheiten des Falles erst aus der spezifischen Sprache herauslesen müssten. Die Übersetzungen folgen, diese halten sich eng genug an die Vorlage, sind aber keine Interlinearversionen. Oft werden zentrale Passagen auch in der Originalsprache, aber in Umschrift gegeben. Die gleichen Urkunden hat man dann auch in der Lesung und als Faksimile. [...] Eine hervorragende Leistung!" – Jürgen Paul, in OLZ 116.4–5 (2021).

• ContentsPreface and AcknowledgmentsNote on Transcription and NomenclatureGlossaryIntroduction1 Crime and Punishment in an Uzbek Khanate2 The Historical Setting3 Who Were the Yasāvulbāshīs?4 ʿArż as a Form of Governance5 On Protocol6 Documents7 What Was the Cost of the ʿarż?Documents1 RescriptsDocument 1 28 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1328 / 30 December 1912. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over InheritanceDocument 2 9 Shavvāl 1328 /13 October 1913 A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over the Payment of DowryDocument 3 13 Shavvāl 1328 /17 October 1913. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 4 23 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1328 / December 25 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 5 17 Ẕī al-ḥījja 1328 / 19 December 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Debts Document 6 7 Shavvāl 1328 / 11 October 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over an Ancestral Undivided PropertyDocument 7 17 Shavvāl 1328 / 21 October 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī Instructing an Attendant to Investigate the Circumstances of a DisputeDocument 8 13 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1336 / 20 August 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over a Contested InheritanceDocument 9 7 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1336 / 19 January 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Landownership Document 10 24 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 7 January 1917. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 11 17 Shaʿbān 1328 / 26 May 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Murder2 ReportsDocument 12 8 Shavvāl [?]. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 13 4 Rabīʾ al-s̱ānī 1335 /27 January 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over CustodyDocument 14 24 Ṣafar 1334 / 30 December 1915. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over a DowryDocument 15 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1336 / March 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 16 Rabiʿ al-avval 1335 / December 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Domestic ViolenceDocument 17 27 Rajab [1330] / 12 July [1912]. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Water RightsDocument 18 22 Jumādī al-avval 1335/ 15 March 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Maintenance Works of the Irrigation SystemDocument 19 1328 / 1910. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī on Land Assessment WorksDocument 20 19 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1334 / 16 October 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 21 27 Ramażān 1336 / 6 July 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over DebtsDocument 22 16 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 / 8 February 1917. A Report by Provincial Governor and the qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 23 27 Shaʿbān 1336 / 08 June 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Death of a Man Involved in an AltercationDocument 24 Jumadī al-s̱ānī 1336 / March–April 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about MalfeasanceDocument 25 7 Muḥarram 1336 / 23 October 1917. A Report to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of MurderDocument 26 19 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1332 / 14 May 1330. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 27 1335 / 1916-1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 28 8 Muḥarram 1335 / 3 November 1916. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of ExtortionDocument 29 9 Shaʿbān 1334 / 10 June 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Losses Caused by Yomut TurkmensDocument 30 28 Ramażān 1336 / 7 July 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about MalfeasanceDocument 31 10 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1332 / 7 March 1914. A Report to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of a DebtDocument 32 15 Shavvāl 1328 / 9 October 1910. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of DebtDocument 33 9 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 2 November 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of DebtDocument 34 n.d. A Report of qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 35 8 Ramażān 1336 / 17 June 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Rights on a ThoroughfareDocument 36 Jumādī al-avval 1336 / February–March 1918. A Report by a Group of Officials to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Taxes in Favor of Yomut Turkmens3 NotificationsDocument 37 8 Ramażān 1334 / 8 July 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Assault and RobberyDocument 38 25 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1334 / 22 September 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 39 25 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1334 / 22 September 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 40 15 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 13[?] / [?]. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Armed RobberyDocument 41 5 Rajab 1336 / 16 April 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Robbery and AssaultDocument 42 n.d. A Notification by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Domestic ViolenceDocument 43 Shaʿbān 1335 / May–June 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor and qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Man’s DeathDocument 44 18 Shaʿbān 1334 / 19 June 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Bride-KidnappingDocument 45 26 Jumādī al-avval 1336 / 09 March 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Bride-KidnappingDocument 46 7 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1336 /19 March 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Robbery and HomicideDocument 47 17 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 / 9 February 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of AssaultDocument 48 22 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 /14 February 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 49 22 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 15 January 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Double HomicideDocument 50 18 Rajab 1336 / 29 April 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Multiple Cases of Robbery and HomicideDocument 51 Dhī al-s̱ānī 1335 / September–October 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 52 5 Shaʿbān 1336 / 15 May 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Rights of InheritanceDocument 53 12 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1336 / 19 August 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 54 15 Jumādī al-avval 1335 / 8 March 1915. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of HomicideDocument 55 5 Jumādīʾ al-avval 1329 / 3 March 1911. A Notification to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of HomicideDocument 56 25 Ṣafar 1335 / 20 December 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 57 2 Jumādī al-avval 1335 / 24 February 1917. A Notification by Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 58 27 Rajab 1339 / 5 April 1921. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 59 1334 / 1915–1916. A petition to the yasāvulbāshī regarding a Case of Robbery and AssaultDocument 60 1335 / 1916–1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over an Unpaid DebtDocument 61 14 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1337 / 10 August 1919. A Letter by the Turkmen Yomut Leader Junayd Khān to the yasāvulbāshī about the Appointment of a New qāżī to Solve Conflicts among the Ata TurkmensDocument 62 8 Ramażān 1332 / 30 July 1914. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Intention of the Disputing Parties to Solve the Dispute before the khanDocument 63 24 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1332 / 21 March 1914. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the intention of the disputing parties to solve the Dispute before the khan4 Qāżīs’ ReportsDocument 64 n.d. A Report by a qāżī-raʾis about the Intention of the Disputing Parties to Solve the Dispute before the khanDocument 65 7 Shaʿbān 1267 / 6 June 1851. A Report by a qāżī-raʾis to Authorities in Khiva about the Outcome of a Conflict at a Local BazaarDocument 66 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Dispute over Land OwnershipDocument 67 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about an Unspecified DisputeDocument 68 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Conflict over an Unpaid Fee and an Ensuing Case of AssaultDocument 69 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 70 n.d. A Report a qāżīs to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 71 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 72 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 73 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideFacsimilesBibliographyIndex of PlacesIndex of Proper Names

Paolo Sartori, Ph.D. (2006), University of Rome ‘la Sapienza’ is Senior Fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of Visions of Justice: Sharīʿa and Cultural Change in Russian Central Asia (Brill, 2016) and is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient.Ulfat Abdurasulov, Ph.D. (2009), History Institute, Tashkent, is Senior Fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. A recipient of many grants, he published in many scientific journals such as Iranian Studies, Ab Imperio, Eurasian Studies, Islamic Law and Society, and Der Islam.

"Paolo Sartori und Ulfat Abdurasulov haben sich beide in den letzten Jahren intensiv um die Erkundung zentralasiatischer Archivmaterialien verdient gemacht. [...] Neben der vor allem in der Einleitung vorgetragenen Darstellung und Analyse dieses auf den Herrscher zentrierten Rechtswesens ist der Band auch eine beachtliche editorische Leistung. Die Autoren – und Herausgeber – haben aus dem sehr großen Corpus der im Staatsarchiv von Usbekistan in Taschkent aufbewahrten Urkunden ein Sample von 73 Stücken ausgesucht, die das analysierte Verfahren veranschaulichen und gleichzeitig die Analyse stützen. Die Urkunden werden mit einem zusammenfassenden und erläuternden Text eingeleitet, was nötig ist, weil Leser sonst die Eigenheiten des Falles erst aus der spezifischen Sprache herauslesen müssten. Die Übersetzungen folgen, diese halten sich eng genug an die Vorlage, sind aber keine Interlinearversionen. Oft werden zentrale Passagen auch in der Originalsprache, aber in Umschrift gegeben. Die gleichen Urkunden hat man dann auch in der Lesung und als Faksimile. [...] Eine hervorragende Leistung!" – Jürgen Paul, in OLZ 116.4–5 (2021).

• ContentsPreface and AcknowledgmentsNote on Transcription and NomenclatureGlossaryIntroduction1 Crime and Punishment in an Uzbek Khanate2 The Historical Setting3 Who Were the Yasāvulbāshīs?4 ʿArż as a Form of Governance5 On Protocol6 Documents7 What Was the Cost of the ʿarż?Documents1 RescriptsDocument 1 28 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1328 / 30 December 1912. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over InheritanceDocument 2 9 Shavvāl 1328 /13 October 1913 A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over the Payment of DowryDocument 3 13 Shavvāl 1328 /17 October 1913. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 4 23 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1328 / December 25 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 5 17 Ẕī al-ḥījja 1328 / 19 December 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Debts Document 6 7 Shavvāl 1328 / 11 October 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over an Ancestral Undivided PropertyDocument 7 17 Shavvāl 1328 / 21 October 1910. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī Instructing an Attendant to Investigate the Circumstances of a DisputeDocument 8 13 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1336 / 20 August 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over a Contested InheritanceDocument 9 7 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1336 / 19 January 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Landownership Document 10 24 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 7 January 1917. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 11 17 Shaʿbān 1328 / 26 May 1918. A Rescript by the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Murder2 ReportsDocument 12 8 Shavvāl [?]. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 13 4 Rabīʾ al-s̱ānī 1335 /27 January 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over CustodyDocument 14 24 Ṣafar 1334 / 30 December 1915. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over a DowryDocument 15 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1336 / March 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 16 Rabiʿ al-avval 1335 / December 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Domestic ViolenceDocument 17 27 Rajab [1330] / 12 July [1912]. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Water RightsDocument 18 22 Jumādī al-avval 1335/ 15 March 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Maintenance Works of the Irrigation SystemDocument 19 1328 / 1910. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī on Land Assessment WorksDocument 20 19 Ẕī al-ḥijja 1334 / 16 October 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Marital DisputeDocument 21 27 Ramażān 1336 / 6 July 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over DebtsDocument 22 16 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 / 8 February 1917. A Report by Provincial Governor and the qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 23 27 Shaʿbān 1336 / 08 June 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Death of a Man Involved in an AltercationDocument 24 Jumadī al-s̱ānī 1336 / March–April 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about MalfeasanceDocument 25 7 Muḥarram 1336 / 23 October 1917. A Report to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of MurderDocument 26 19 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1332 / 14 May 1330. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 27 1335 / 1916-1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 28 8 Muḥarram 1335 / 3 November 1916. A Report by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of ExtortionDocument 29 9 Shaʿbān 1334 / 10 June 1916. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Losses Caused by Yomut TurkmensDocument 30 28 Ramażān 1336 / 7 July 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about MalfeasanceDocument 31 10 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1332 / 7 March 1914. A Report to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of a DebtDocument 32 15 Shavvāl 1328 / 9 October 1910. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of DebtDocument 33 9 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 2 November 1917. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Extinguishment of DebtDocument 34 n.d. A Report of qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over LandownershipDocument 35 8 Ramażān 1336 / 17 June 1918. A Report by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Rights on a ThoroughfareDocument 36 Jumādī al-avval 1336 / February–March 1918. A Report by a Group of Officials to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Taxes in Favor of Yomut Turkmens3 NotificationsDocument 37 8 Ramażān 1334 / 8 July 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Assault and RobberyDocument 38 25 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1334 / 22 September 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 39 25 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1334 / 22 September 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 40 15 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 13[?] / [?]. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Armed RobberyDocument 41 5 Rajab 1336 / 16 April 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Robbery and AssaultDocument 42 n.d. A Notification by qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Domestic ViolenceDocument 43 Shaʿbān 1335 / May–June 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor and qāżīs to the yasāvulbāshī about a Man’s DeathDocument 44 18 Shaʿbān 1334 / 19 June 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Bride-KidnappingDocument 45 26 Jumādī al-avval 1336 / 09 March 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Bride-KidnappingDocument 46 7 Jumādī al-s̱ānī 1336 /19 March 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Robbery and HomicideDocument 47 17 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 / 9 February 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of AssaultDocument 48 22 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1335 /14 February 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 49 22 Rabīʿ al-avval 1335 / 15 January 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Double HomicideDocument 50 18 Rajab 1336 / 29 April 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about Multiple Cases of Robbery and HomicideDocument 51 Dhī al-s̱ānī 1335 / September–October 1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 52 5 Shaʿbān 1336 / 15 May 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over Rights of InheritanceDocument 53 12 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1336 / 19 August 1918. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of Animal TheftDocument 54 15 Jumādī al-avval 1335 / 8 March 1915. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of HomicideDocument 55 5 Jumādīʾ al-avval 1329 / 3 March 1911. A Notification to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of HomicideDocument 56 25 Ṣafar 1335 / 20 December 1916. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 57 2 Jumādī al-avval 1335 / 24 February 1917. A Notification by Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 58 27 Rajab 1339 / 5 April 1921. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Case of RobberyDocument 59 1334 / 1915–1916. A petition to the yasāvulbāshī regarding a Case of Robbery and AssaultDocument 60 1335 / 1916–1917. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about a Dispute over an Unpaid DebtDocument 61 14 Ẕī al-qaʿda 1337 / 10 August 1919. A Letter by the Turkmen Yomut Leader Junayd Khān to the yasāvulbāshī about the Appointment of a New qāżī to Solve Conflicts among the Ata TurkmensDocument 62 8 Ramażān 1332 / 30 July 1914. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the Intention of the Disputing Parties to Solve the Dispute before the khanDocument 63 24 Rabīʿ al-s̱ānī 1332 / 21 March 1914. A Notification by a Provincial Governor to the yasāvulbāshī about the intention of the disputing parties to solve the Dispute before the khan4 Qāżīs’ ReportsDocument 64 n.d. A Report by a qāżī-raʾis about the Intention of the Disputing Parties to Solve the Dispute before the khanDocument 65 7 Shaʿbān 1267 / 6 June 1851. A Report by a qāżī-raʾis to Authorities in Khiva about the Outcome of a Conflict at a Local BazaarDocument 66 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Dispute over Land OwnershipDocument 67 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about an Unspecified DisputeDocument 68 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Conflict over an Unpaid Fee and an Ensuing Case of AssaultDocument 69 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 70 n.d. A Report a qāżīs to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 71 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 72 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideDocument 73 n.d. A Report by a qāżī to the Royal Court about a Case of HomicideFacsimilesBibliographyIndex of PlacesIndex of Proper Names