Dialect, Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia, Volume 3: Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Style

Clive D. Holes, Ph.D. (1981) in Linguistics, University of Cambridge, is Professor Emeritus for the Study of the Contemporary Arab World at the University of Oxford. He has published widely on the Arabic language and its dialects, and is a Fellow of the British Academy.

"The reviewed reviewed work is the culmination of Holes’s yearslong research on the communal dialects of Bahrain. The grammatical description, which together with the earlier two volumes makes up the series Dialect, Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia, is probably the only such extensive description of dialects in terms of historical significance. I can only hope that in the coming years researchers will begin new studies on dialects currently used in Bahrain. The last chapter is an excellent contribution, and Holes’s complete work will be an unparalleled source for comparative studies." - Maciej Klimiuk, in: Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 114/3 (2019)

• General Introduction viiAcknowledgements xiVolume III: Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Style xiiiMap 1 and Key xivMap 2 and Key xvAbbreviations and Conventions xviReferences xviii1 Communities, Histories, and Dialects in Bahrain and the Wider Gulf 11.1 Communities 11.2 Historical Memory, Real and Imagined 61.3 Language History 101.4 Core and Periphery 321.5 Eastern Arabia and Central Asia 411.6 Summary and Conclusions 482 Phonology 502.1 Phoneme Inventory: Consonants 502.2 Phoneme Inventory: Vowels 652.3 The Syllable 692.4 Consonant Clusters 712.5 Stress 762.6 Phonotactics 763 Morphology (I) 813.1 Pronouns 813.2 Adverbs 1003.3 Particles 1033.4 Nouns 1163.5 Adjectives 1283.6 The Construct State 1303.7 Nunation (tanwīn) 1313.8 Numerals 1344 Morphology (II) 1384.1 Verb Patterns and Stems: Active Voice 1384.2 The Internal (‘Apophonic’) Passive 1664.3 Quadriliterals 1684.4 Inflectional Morphology 1844.5 The Strong Verb: Imperative 2014.6 The Strong Verb: Participles 2024.7 The Verbal Noun 2044.8 The Geminate Verb 2094.9 The Weak Verb 2094.10 Irregular Verbs 2115 Syntax 2135.1 The Noun Phrase (NP) 2135.2 The Verb Phrase (VP) 2275.3 Agreement 3265.4 Word Order 3545.5 Clause Co-ordination 3695.6 Subordinate Noun Clauses 3745.7 Relative Clauses 3875.8 Clauses of Reason 3915.9 Clauses of Purpose and Result 3935.10 Clauses of Comparison and Degree 3975.11 Conditional and Time Clauses 4026 Style in Spoken Discourse 4346.1 Involving the Listener/ Interlocutor 4356.2 Narrative Techniques 4476.3 Dramatization 4586.4 Affect 4637 Some Trends in Dialectal Change Since the Mid-1970s 4677.1 Sociolinguistic Studies of Bahrain of the 1970s 4677.2 The Work of al-Qouz (2009) 4697.3 Further Observations Post-1970s 474Further addenda and corrigenda to Volume I 479