Raúl González Salinero, Ph.D. (1997), University of Salamanca, is a Lecturer in Ancient History at UNED (Madrid). He has been a Visiting Scholar at the Universities of Parma, Sorbonne-Paris IV, Bari Aldo Moro, Cambridge, and Bologna.

"González-Salinero has written the sine qua non for any study of Jews in the Roman army.Anyone interested in ancient Jewish history, the Roman army, or indeed the question of the intersection of ethnicity and military service will benefit from reading this book."- Jonathan Roth, San Jose State University, in Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2022.11.25.

• PrefaceList of FiguresIntroduction1 Jewish Military Service in Hellenistic Armies1 Precedents2 Under the Ptolemies3 Under the Seleucids4 Apologetics and Historical Reality2 Jewish Exemptions from Military Service in the Late Republic and the Augustan Principate1 Jews and the Recruitment of Auxilia2 Military Exemption as a Jewish Privilege3 A Legal Precedent?3 Jewish Soldiers in the Roman Army during the High Empire1 Exceptional Recruitment2 Jewish Troops in Roman Service3 Material Evidence4 Dura-Europos5 The Presence of Jews in the Imperial Army: Conditions and Historical Evolution4 During the Later Roman Empire1 Material Evidence2 Under the Christian EmpireConclusionAppendix 1: Violence and the Use of Arms on SabbathAppendix 2: The Inscription of Rufinus the Soldier, from the Via Appia Pignatelli Catacomb (Rome)Appendix 3: A Critical Rereading of the Inscription of Flavia Optata Found in ConcordiaProsopographic MapSourcesBibliographyAnalytical Index

Raúl González Salinero, Ph.D. (1997), University of Salamanca, is a Lecturer in Ancient History at UNED (Madrid). He has been a Visiting Scholar at the Universities of Parma, Sorbonne-Paris IV, Bari Aldo Moro, Cambridge, and Bologna.

"González-Salinero has written the sine qua non for any study of Jews in the Roman army.Anyone interested in ancient Jewish history, the Roman army, or indeed the question of the intersection of ethnicity and military service will benefit from reading this book."- Jonathan Roth, San Jose State University, in Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2022.11.25.

• PrefaceList of FiguresIntroduction1 Jewish Military Service in Hellenistic Armies1 Precedents2 Under the Ptolemies3 Under the Seleucids4 Apologetics and Historical Reality2 Jewish Exemptions from Military Service in the Late Republic and the Augustan Principate1 Jews and the Recruitment of Auxilia2 Military Exemption as a Jewish Privilege3 A Legal Precedent?3 Jewish Soldiers in the Roman Army during the High Empire1 Exceptional Recruitment2 Jewish Troops in Roman Service3 Material Evidence4 Dura-Europos5 The Presence of Jews in the Imperial Army: Conditions and Historical Evolution4 During the Later Roman Empire1 Material Evidence2 Under the Christian EmpireConclusionAppendix 1: Violence and the Use of Arms on SabbathAppendix 2: The Inscription of Rufinus the Soldier, from the Via Appia Pignatelli Catacomb (Rome)Appendix 3: A Critical Rereading of the Inscription of Flavia Optata Found in ConcordiaProsopographic MapSourcesBibliographyAnalytical Index

Raúl González Salinero, Ph.D. (1997), University of Salamanca, is a Lecturer in Ancient History at UNED (Madrid). He has been a Visiting Scholar at the Universities of Parma, Sorbonne-Paris IV, Bari Aldo Moro, Cambridge, and Bologna.

"González-Salinero has written the sine qua non for any study of Jews in the Roman army.Anyone interested in ancient Jewish history, the Roman army, or indeed the question of the intersection of ethnicity and military service will benefit from reading this book."- Jonathan Roth, San Jose State University, in Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2022.11.25.

• PrefaceList of FiguresIntroduction1 Jewish Military Service in Hellenistic Armies1 Precedents2 Under the Ptolemies3 Under the Seleucids4 Apologetics and Historical Reality2 Jewish Exemptions from Military Service in the Late Republic and the Augustan Principate1 Jews and the Recruitment of Auxilia2 Military Exemption as a Jewish Privilege3 A Legal Precedent?3 Jewish Soldiers in the Roman Army during the High Empire1 Exceptional Recruitment2 Jewish Troops in Roman Service3 Material Evidence4 Dura-Europos5 The Presence of Jews in the Imperial Army: Conditions and Historical Evolution4 During the Later Roman Empire1 Material Evidence2 Under the Christian EmpireConclusionAppendix 1: Violence and the Use of Arms on SabbathAppendix 2: The Inscription of Rufinus the Soldier, from the Via Appia Pignatelli Catacomb (Rome)Appendix 3: A Critical Rereading of the Inscription of Flavia Optata Found in ConcordiaProsopographic MapSourcesBibliographyAnalytical Index