Gary G. Gibbs is a Professor of History at Roanoke College, Salem, VA. Recent publications include “Parish Studies and Medieval and Early Modern London History,” The London Journal, 50,2 (2025), and Five Parishes in Late Medieval and Tudor London (2019).Valerie A. Hitchman is an Honorary Research Fellow, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent. Publications include Views from the Parish: Churchwardens’ Accounts c. 1500-1800, edited with Andrew Foster (2015). Norton-in-Hales, Shropshire. Churchwardens’ Accounts and Memoranda Book. 1700-1810. (Shropshire Record Society, (2019).

Gary G. Gibbs is a Professor of History at Roanoke College, Salem, VA. Recent publications include “Parish Studies and Medieval and Early Modern London History,” The London Journal, 50,2 (2025), and Five Parishes in Late Medieval and Tudor London (2019).Valerie A. Hitchman is an Honorary Research Fellow, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent. Publications include Views from the Parish: Churchwardens’ Accounts c. 1500-1800, edited with Andrew Foster (2015). Norton-in-Hales, Shropshire. Churchwardens’ Accounts and Memoranda Book. 1700-1810. (Shropshire Record Society, (2019).

Gary G. Gibbs is a Professor of History at Roanoke College, Salem, VA. Recent publications include “Parish Studies and Medieval and Early Modern London History,” The London Journal, 50,2 (2025), and Five Parishes in Late Medieval and Tudor London (2019).Valerie A. Hitchman is an Honorary Research Fellow, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent. Publications include Views from the Parish: Churchwardens’ Accounts c. 1500-1800, edited with Andrew Foster (2015). Norton-in-Hales, Shropshire. Churchwardens’ Accounts and Memoranda Book. 1700-1810. (Shropshire Record Society, (2019).