Born 1931 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Duco Schreuder received his doctorate in 1964 at Eindhoven Technical University ("The lighting of vehicular traffic tunnels") and extended this with an MA in Philosophy (specialization psychology) at Haarlem International Institute in 1972. Combining this unique overview of light studies and the human consequences of light technology he has extensive experience working with Lighting Laboratories, Philips, Eindhoven on research in vision and in lighting for roads, tunnels and vehicles. From 1968 - 1993 he was a senior researcher with the Institute for Road Safety Research SWOV in Leidschendam in charge of the field of lighting and vision (signs, signals, road and vehicle lighting). Since 1993 he has worked as an independent consultant in the general fields of lighting and safety, studies on the theory of road accidents, road safety in developing countries, transport lighting, tunnel lighting, influence of weather and environment on road accidents, social safety and lighting, crime and lighting, traffic lights and signals, road markings, lighting and astronomy, environmental impact of lighting. He is the author and coauthor of several books and well over 300 scientific publications, mainly on traffic, lighting, vision, road safety and related areas. He has held Chairmanship of a large number of national and international institutions and working groups, particularly in the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage CIE, in the Centre Europenne de Normalisation CEN and in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD on areas of road and tunnel lighting, vehicle lighting, signing and signalling in road traffic, road accidents and road safety, public safety and light pollution. He is an internationally recognised expert in these fields.

• Introduction: The function of outdoor lighting.- Physical aspects of light production.- Radiometry and photometry.- The mathematics of luminance.- Practical photometry.- The human observer; physical and anatomical aspects of vision.- The human observer; visual performance aspects.- The human observer; visual perception.- The human observer; colour vision.- Road lighting applications.- Road lighting design.

Born 1931 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Duco Schreuder received his doctorate in 1964 at Eindhoven Technical University ("The lighting of vehicular traffic tunnels") and extended this with an MA in Philosophy (specialization psychology) at Haarlem International Institute in 1972. Combining this unique overview of light studies and the human consequences of light technology he has extensive experience working with Lighting Laboratories, Philips, Eindhoven on research in vision and in lighting for roads, tunnels and vehicles. From 1968 - 1993 he was a senior researcher with the Institute for Road Safety Research SWOV in Leidschendam in charge of the field of lighting and vision (signs, signals, road and vehicle lighting). Since 1993 he has worked as an independent consultant in the general fields of lighting and safety, studies on the theory of road accidents, road safety in developing countries, transport lighting, tunnel lighting, influence of weather and environment on road accidents, social safety and lighting, crime and lighting, traffic lights and signals, road markings, lighting and astronomy, environmental impact of lighting. He is the author and coauthor of several books and well over 300 scientific publications, mainly on traffic, lighting, vision, road safety and related areas. He has held Chairmanship of a large number of national and international institutions and working groups, particularly in the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage CIE, in the Centre Europenne de Normalisation CEN and in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD on areas of road and tunnel lighting, vehicle lighting, signing and signalling in road traffic, road accidents and road safety, public safety and light pollution. He is an internationally recognised expert in these fields.

• Introduction: The function of outdoor lighting.- Physical aspects of light production.- Radiometry and photometry.- The mathematics of luminance.- Practical photometry.- The human observer; physical and anatomical aspects of vision.- The human observer; visual performance aspects.- The human observer; visual perception.- The human observer; colour vision.- Road lighting applications.- Road lighting design.

Born 1931 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Duco Schreuder received his doctorate in 1964 at Eindhoven Technical University ("The lighting of vehicular traffic tunnels") and extended this with an MA in Philosophy (specialization psychology) at Haarlem International Institute in 1972. Combining this unique overview of light studies and the human consequences of light technology he has extensive experience working with Lighting Laboratories, Philips, Eindhoven on research in vision and in lighting for roads, tunnels and vehicles. From 1968 - 1993 he was a senior researcher with the Institute for Road Safety Research SWOV in Leidschendam in charge of the field of lighting and vision (signs, signals, road and vehicle lighting). Since 1993 he has worked as an independent consultant in the general fields of lighting and safety, studies on the theory of road accidents, road safety in developing countries, transport lighting, tunnel lighting, influence of weather and environment on road accidents, social safety and lighting, crime and lighting, traffic lights and signals, road markings, lighting and astronomy, environmental impact of lighting. He is the author and coauthor of several books and well over 300 scientific publications, mainly on traffic, lighting, vision, road safety and related areas. He has held Chairmanship of a large number of national and international institutions and working groups, particularly in the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage CIE, in the Centre Europenne de Normalisation CEN and in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD on areas of road and tunnel lighting, vehicle lighting, signing and signalling in road traffic, road accidents and road safety, public safety and light pollution. He is an internationally recognised expert in these fields.

• Introduction: The function of outdoor lighting.- Physical aspects of light production.- Radiometry and photometry.- The mathematics of luminance.- Practical photometry.- The human observer; physical and anatomical aspects of vision.- The human observer; visual performance aspects.- The human observer; visual perception.- The human observer; colour vision.- Road lighting applications.- Road lighting design.