Elina Gertsman is Professor of Medieval Art and Archbishop Paul J. Hallinan Professor in Catholic Studies II at Case Western Reserve University. She is the author of The Dance of Death in the Middle Ages: Image, Text, Performance (2010), Worlds Within: Opening the Medieval Shrine Madonna (2015), and The Absent Image: Lacunae in Medieval Books (2021); co-author of The Middle Ages in 50 Objects (2018); and editor of several volumes on performance, emotion, liminality, and animated objects. Her work has been supported by the Guggenheim, Kress, Mellon, and Franco-American Cultural Exchange foundations as well as by the American Council for Learned Societies.

"An excellent collection of thoughtfully selected, intelligently argued, and well-researched essays on an important topic."- Richard K. Emmerson, Florida State University "Absolutely original; startlingly and refreshingly innovative, both theoretically and empirically... the opening salvo in a completely new conversation that has never, as yet, been had in the academic world, and whose time, most definitely, has arrived."- Marc Michael Epstein, Vassar College "[...] the reader of this volume comes away buzzing with the pleasant frisson of inspiration, thinking eagerly of how future scholarship will expand on the project initiated here." - Frances Lilliston, Comitatus, Vol. 53, 2022 “Gertsman’s collection of essays offers a rich set of studies that challenge ideas of abstraction and ornament, and art-historical conceptions of medieval art. [The] essays here offer a convincing sense of the possibility of these visual elements to represent, and indeed enable, interaction with the mysteries that preoccupied medieval conceptions of humanity, divinity and the world – both the literal within which one lived, and the broader universe which one could not see.” - Millie Horton-Insch, Art History, Vol. 45, Iss. 4

• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS, ILLUSTRATIONS, PREFACE: Elina Gertsman, 'Withdrawal and Presence', PART I: ABSTRACTION / APORIA / UNKNOWABILITY, PART II: ABSTRACTION / FIGURATION / SIGNIFICATION, PART III: ABSTRACTION / EPISTEMOLOGY / PERCEPTION, RESPONSE, Index