Dr. SenthilKumar Rajagopal is presently a recipient and coordinator of Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellowship [Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India] at Department of Biochemistry in Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, AP, India.  He has handled project entitled “G-protein coupled receptor-mediated intracellular mechanisms by Alcohol-induced digestive disorders in the gastrointestinal tract” while working as DBT-Ramalingaswami re-entry Fellow (Scientist D) from 2013 to 2015 at Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India and later he moved to Department of Biochemistry, Rayalaseema university, Kurnool, AP as a Ramalingaswami Re-entry fellow. Previously, he had worked as Postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Virginia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University and Virginia Commonwealth University. His research interests are majorly focussed on deciphering the role of various signalling molecules in the pathophysiology of organisms and their clinical implications. His doctorate research involved studying the role of Glycine in Ethanol-induced Hepatotoxicity. This work was carried at Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India. Till now, he had published more than 47 papers in various international peer-reviewed journals. He has been editor of two book series: Digestive Diseases-Research and Clinical Developments and Hepatology Research and Clinical Developments. Furthermore, he has contributed chapters to more than 14 books. He is an active member of various international scientific organizations and societies and serves as an associate editor, review, technical and lead guest editor and editorial board member on various prestigious international journals. His contribution towards neuroscience has been applauded in the form of Gourmand World Cookbook Award which was presented by Special Award-Society of Neuroscience. Heis an active life member of various societies including, Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB), Society of Biological Chemists (SBC) India, Indian Society for Atherosclerosis Research (ISAR), The Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA), Society for Free Radical Research India (SFRR), The Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB), Indian Biophysical Society (IBS), Science Advisory Board, Bioinformatics, LLC. (USA), and member of Royal Society of Chemistry [RSC], UK.Dr. Murugavel Ponnusamy is working as Postdoctoral Research Associate at Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, China. His research interest includes molecular pharmacology, cellular signaling, tissue repair and Regeneration and experimental therapeutics. Previously, he had worked as Postdoctoral Fellow at Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University-Alpert Medical School, USA under the supervision of Dr. Shougang Zhuang. His Ph.D. research was focused on elucidating the effect of Diallyl Tetrasulfide on Cadmium-Induced Toxicity: an in vivo and in vitro study, which was carried at Annamalai University, India. In a short time, he has been able to publish more than 28 papers in various national and international peer-reviewed journals and contributed 4 chapters to different books. He is an active member of various societies including, Society of Biological Scientists of India (SOBSI), Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB) and Society of Biological Chemists (SBC) India.

• Foreword.- Preface.- Introduction.- Calcium ion.- Calcium homeostasis.- Second messengers.- Calcium ion in muscle physiology.- Calcium triggering transporters.- Anesthetic action on pain pathway.- Calcium signaling in Neurological disorders.- Calcium channels.- Voltage gated calcium channels and diseases.- Processing of natural products using nanotechnology.

Dr. SenthilKumar Rajagopal is presently a recipient and coordinator of Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellowship [Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India] at Department of Biochemistry in Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, AP, India.  He has handled project entitled “G-protein coupled receptor-mediated intracellular mechanisms by Alcohol-induced digestive disorders in the gastrointestinal tract” while working as DBT-Ramalingaswami re-entry Fellow (Scientist D) from 2013 to 2015 at Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India and later he moved to Department of Biochemistry, Rayalaseema university, Kurnool, AP as a Ramalingaswami Re-entry fellow. Previously, he had worked as Postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Virginia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University and Virginia Commonwealth University. His research interests are majorly focussed on deciphering the role of various signalling molecules in the pathophysiology of organisms and their clinical implications. His doctorate research involved studying the role of Glycine in Ethanol-induced Hepatotoxicity. This work was carried at Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India. Till now, he had published more than 47 papers in various international peer-reviewed journals. He has been editor of two book series: Digestive Diseases-Research and Clinical Developments and Hepatology Research and Clinical Developments. Furthermore, he has contributed chapters to more than 14 books. He is an active member of various international scientific organizations and societies and serves as an associate editor, review, technical and lead guest editor and editorial board member on various prestigious international journals. His contribution towards neuroscience has been applauded in the form of Gourmand World Cookbook Award which was presented by Special Award-Society of Neuroscience. Heis an active life member of various societies including, Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB), Society of Biological Chemists (SBC) India, Indian Society for Atherosclerosis Research (ISAR), The Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA), Society for Free Radical Research India (SFRR), The Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB), Indian Biophysical Society (IBS), Science Advisory Board, Bioinformatics, LLC. (USA), and member of Royal Society of Chemistry [RSC], UK.Dr. Murugavel Ponnusamy is working as Postdoctoral Research Associate at Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, China. His research interest includes molecular pharmacology, cellular signaling, tissue repair and Regeneration and experimental therapeutics. Previously, he had worked as Postdoctoral Fellow at Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University-Alpert Medical School, USA under the supervision of Dr. Shougang Zhuang. His Ph.D. research was focused on elucidating the effect of Diallyl Tetrasulfide on Cadmium-Induced Toxicity: an in vivo and in vitro study, which was carried at Annamalai University, India. In a short time, he has been able to publish more than 28 papers in various national and international peer-reviewed journals and contributed 4 chapters to different books. He is an active member of various societies including, Society of Biological Scientists of India (SOBSI), Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB) and Society of Biological Chemists (SBC) India.

• Foreword.- Preface.- Introduction.- Calcium ion.- Calcium homeostasis.- Second messengers.- Calcium ion in muscle physiology.- Calcium triggering transporters.- Anesthetic action on pain pathway.- Calcium signaling in Neurological disorders.- Calcium channels.- Voltage gated calcium channels and diseases.- Processing of natural products using nanotechnology.

Dr. SenthilKumar Rajagopal is presently a recipient and coordinator of Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellowship [Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India] at Department of Biochemistry in Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, AP, India.  He has handled project entitled “G-protein coupled receptor-mediated intracellular mechanisms by Alcohol-induced digestive disorders in the gastrointestinal tract” while working as DBT-Ramalingaswami re-entry Fellow (Scientist D) from 2013 to 2015 at Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India and later he moved to Department of Biochemistry, Rayalaseema university, Kurnool, AP as a Ramalingaswami Re-entry fellow. Previously, he had worked as Postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Virginia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University and Virginia Commonwealth University. His research interests are majorly focussed on deciphering the role of various signalling molecules in the pathophysiology of organisms and their clinical implications. His doctorate research involved studying the role of Glycine in Ethanol-induced Hepatotoxicity. This work was carried at Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India. Till now, he had published more than 47 papers in various international peer-reviewed journals. He has been editor of two book series: Digestive Diseases-Research and Clinical Developments and Hepatology Research and Clinical Developments. Furthermore, he has contributed chapters to more than 14 books. He is an active member of various international scientific organizations and societies and serves as an associate editor, review, technical and lead guest editor and editorial board member on various prestigious international journals. His contribution towards neuroscience has been applauded in the form of Gourmand World Cookbook Award which was presented by Special Award-Society of Neuroscience. Heis an active life member of various societies including, Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB), Society of Biological Chemists (SBC) India, Indian Society for Atherosclerosis Research (ISAR), The Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA), Society for Free Radical Research India (SFRR), The Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB), Indian Biophysical Society (IBS), Science Advisory Board, Bioinformatics, LLC. (USA), and member of Royal Society of Chemistry [RSC], UK.Dr. Murugavel Ponnusamy is working as Postdoctoral Research Associate at Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, China. His research interest includes molecular pharmacology, cellular signaling, tissue repair and Regeneration and experimental therapeutics. Previously, he had worked as Postdoctoral Fellow at Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University-Alpert Medical School, USA under the supervision of Dr. Shougang Zhuang. His Ph.D. research was focused on elucidating the effect of Diallyl Tetrasulfide on Cadmium-Induced Toxicity: an in vivo and in vitro study, which was carried at Annamalai University, India. In a short time, he has been able to publish more than 28 papers in various national and international peer-reviewed journals and contributed 4 chapters to different books. He is an active member of various societies including, Society of Biological Scientists of India (SOBSI), Indian Society of Cell Biology (ISCB) and Society of Biological Chemists (SBC) India.

• Foreword.- Preface.- Introduction.- Calcium ion.- Calcium homeostasis.- Second messengers.- Calcium ion in muscle physiology.- Calcium triggering transporters.- Anesthetic action on pain pathway.- Calcium signaling in Neurological disorders.- Calcium channels.- Voltage gated calcium channels and diseases.- Processing of natural products using nanotechnology.