Racism in America

Steven L. Foy is assistant professor of sociology at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, USA.

Highly recommended. Lower-division undergraduates through faculty; professionals.

• Preface1. Background and HistoryIntroductionThe Origins of American RacismClearing the LandSecuring LaborDiscouraging Organized RebellionInstitutional Venues of RacismJustifying the Racial HierarchyScience and Pseudoscience: Alleged Physical and Mental DifferencesReligion: Alleged Moral DifferencesPerpetuating the Racial HierarchyImmigrationRacial CategorizationParticipation in GovernanceEducationLabor after SlaveryTransportationHousingCriminal JusticeHealth and Health CareThe ArtsSportsConsumer Goods and the Reification of WhitenessConclusionReferences2. Problems, Controversies, and SolutionsAcknowledging the Past and Recognizing the Presence of Racism in AmericaDownplaying RacismHow We Handle Our HistoryLand, Labor, and the Maintenance of the Status Quo RevisitedClearing the Land Again: The Racialization of Eminent DomainSecuring Labor AgainDiscouraging Organized Rebellion AgainInstitutional Venues of Racism RevisitedScience and PseudoscienceReligionRacial CategorizationImmigrationParticipation in GovernanceEducationThe Labor MarketTransportationHousingCriminal JusticeHealth and Health CareThe ArtsSportsConsumer Goods and the Continued Reification of WhitenessWorking toward SolutionsIntergroup ContactEducational InterventionsGovernmental InterventionsDirect DisruptionReferences3. PerspectivesThe Perils of Racial Progress Narratives Victor RayRacism and the Media Landscape in the United States Sahar D. Sattarzadeh and Matthew W. HugheyLaw Enforcement and Immigration Enforcement in the Rio Grande Valley Efrén C. OlivaresReclaiming the City: Racial Gentrification as Urban Policy Louise SeamsterThe Normalcy of Legitimized Racism against Indigenous Peoples Dwanna L. McKayBeyond DACA: Why the Immigration Battle Must Be Fought for the 11 Million Catalina Adorno CastilloWhite Dog, Yellow Mother Alison HoThe Cost of Silence A. Rochaun Meadows-Fernandez4. ProfilesAmerican Civil Liberties UnionBlack Lives MatterBlack Panther Party for Self-DefenseKu Klux KlanNation of IslamNational Association for the Advancement of Colored PeopleThe Sentencing ProjectSouthern Christian Leadership ConferenceStudent Nonviolent Coordinating CommitteeUnited Farm Workers' MovementReferences5. Data and DocumentsIntroductionDataTable 5.1. Changes in EEOC Complaints for Race and Color (1997 and 2017)Table 5.2. Median Income by Race (2017)Table 5.3. Wealth, Assets, and Debt by Race (2014)Table 5.4. Age-Adjusted Death Rates by Race/Ethnicity per 100,000 Population (2016)Table 5.5. Arrests by Race (2017)Table 5.6. Percentage Distribution of Arrests by Race Compared with Population Distribution (2017)DocumentsJonathan Edwards, "The Injustice and Impolity of the Slave Trade, and of Slavery" (September 15, 1791)Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)A Protest against Prejudice (May 5, 1852)Frederick Douglass, "The Claims of the Negro" (July 12, 1854)Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution (January 31, 1865)Kelly Miller, "Eugenics of the Negro Race" (1917)Virginia's "Act to Preserve Racial Integrity" (1924)The Ringle Report (January 1942)Lyndon B. Johnson, "Special Message to the Congress Proposing Further Legislation to Strengthen Civil Rights" (April 28, 1966)Loving v. Virginia (June 12, 1967)6. ResourcesThe ArtsConsumer Goods and the Reification of WhitenessCriminal JusticeCyber RacismEducationEmployment, Health, Welfare, and Socioeconomic StatusHousing and TransportationImmigrationIntersectionalityMilitaryPolitical ParticipationRacial AttitudesRacial Construction and CategorizationRacial ProgressReligionReparationsScience and PseudoscienceSocial PsychologySportsTheoryWhite Supremacy7. ChronologyGlossaryIndex