Alexander Nützenadel – författare

This book analyses the history of economic crises from the angle of international politics and its transformation throughout the 20th century. While political and economic debates in the wake of the present financial crisis are revolving around the question of how to create effective forms of global governance, historians have discovered a long tradition of international economic regulation that can be traced back to the late 19th century. In the global economy, sovereign defaults, banking crises and currency crashes have been recurrent phenomena. At the same time, alongside the growing globalization of commodity and capital markets, nation-states have introduced new forms of regulation both on the national and international level. The experience of economic crises has been an important driver behind numerous initiatives to foster global politics.

The purpose of the book is to reconnect economic history with the perspectives of political economy and the history of international relations. It forms a dialogue between the disciplines that have been increasingly separated throughout the past decades. With first-rate economic historians and political economists writing for a wider audience, it simultaneously makes public debates and methods of recent cutting-edge research in economic history within a wider academic community.

This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Review of History.

This book analyses the history of economic crises from the angle of international politics and its transformation throughout the 20th century. While political and economic debates in the wake of the present financial crisis are revolving around the question of how to create effective forms of global governance, historians have discovered a long tradition of international economic regulation that can be traced back to the late 19th century. In the global economy, sovereign defaults, banking crises and currency crashes have been recurrent phenomena. At the same time, alongside the growing globalization of commodity and capital markets, nation-states have introduced new forms of regulation both on the national and international level. The experience of economic crises has been an important driver behind numerous initiatives to foster global politics.

The purpose of the book is to reconnect economic history with the perspectives of political economy and the history of international relations. It forms a dialogue between the disciplines that have been increasingly separated throughout the past decades. With first-rate economic historians and political economists writing for a wider audience, it simultaneously makes public debates and methods of recent cutting-edge research in economic history within a wider academic community.

This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Review of History.

Work played a central role in Nazi ideology and propaganda, and even today there remain some who still emphasize the supposedly positive aspects of the regime’s labor policies, ignoring the horrific and inhumane conditions they produced. This definitive volume provides, for the first time, a systematic study of the Reich Ministry of Labor and its implementation of National Socialist work doctrine. In detailed and illuminating chapters, contributors scrutinize political maneuvering, ministerial operations, relations between party and administration, and individual officials’ actions to reveal the surprising extent to which administrative apparatuses were involved in the Nazi regime and its crimes.

In dieser Studie wird die Agrarpolitik des faschistischen Regimes in Italien erstmals auf breiter archivalischer Basis erforscht. Die ersten Kapitel untersuchen die ideologischen Grundlagen des faschistischen 'Ruralismus', die Strategien zur Herrschaftssicherung auf dem Land und den Aufbau der agrarpolitischen Institutionen. Der Hauptteil ist den großen landwirtschaftlichen Kampagnen des Regimes gewidmet. Die 1925 begonnene 'Getreideschlacht' bildete den Auftakt des faschistischen Autarkieprogramms, das Italien von ausländischen Nahrungsmittelzufuhren unabhängig machen sollte. 1929 setzten die großangelegten Urbarmachungs- und Siedlungsprogramme ein, die auf eine Stärkung des Bauernstandes und die Beseitigung der ländlichen Arbeitslosigkeit zielten. Die Untersuchung zeigt, daß die Ziele der faschistischen Agrarpolitik nur partiell verwirklicht werden konnten. Während die Steigerung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion dazu führte, daß die agrarische Außenhandelsbilanz seit Anfang der dreißiger Jahre positiv wurde, konnten die siedlungs- und sozialpolitischen Vorstellungen des Regimes nicht einmal ansatzweise realisiert werden. Der durch die staatlichen Maßnahmen verstärkte ökonomische Strukturwandel beschleunigte die Abwanderung von Arbeitskräften aus dem primären Sektor und bewirkte eine weitere Marginalisierung der Landwirtschaft. Das Scheitern der sozialen Neuordnungskonzeptionen führte seit Mitte der dreißiger Jahre zu einem zunehmenden Konsensverlust des Faschismus innerhalb der ländlichen Bevölkerung. Verstärkt wurde dieses Phänomen durch die wirtschaftlichen Zwangsmaßnahmen gegenüber den bäuerlichen Produzenten und die Verschlechterung der Ernährungslage im Zuge der Autarkiepolitik.