This book, first published in 1988, reveals the great care Dickens took with the planning and preparation of A Tale of Two Cities and its roots. It also explores the aspects of Dickens’s life, especially his interest in private theatricals, which contributed to the genesis of the novel. For the first time the historical sources for the very individual account of the French Revolution presented in A Tale of Two Cities are examined, and the book investigates the novelist’s debt to French and English eye-witnesses. This Companion identifies the multitude of allusions to what Dickens often regarded as the whims of eighteenth-century justice, religion, philosophy, fashion and society. It provides the modern reader with both fundamental sources of information and a fascinating account of the creation of a complex historical novel.

This book, first published in 1988, reveals the great care Dickens took with the planning and preparation of A Tale of Two Cities and its roots. It also explores the aspects of Dickens’s life, especially his interest in private theatricals, which contributed to the genesis of the novel. For the first time the historical sources for the very individual account of the French Revolution presented in A Tale of Two Cities are examined, and the book investigates the novelist’s debt to French and English eye-witnesses. This Companion identifies the multitude of allusions to what Dickens often regarded as the whims of eighteenth-century justice, religion, philosophy, fashion and society. It provides the modern reader with both fundamental sources of information and a fascinating account of the creation of a complex historical novel.

This collection discusses the concept of ‘poor-quality’ criminal defence representation and assistance, so-termed ‘poor lawyering’. It does so from diverse perspectives, including legal and criminological. The work presents an overview of the issue of the quality of legal assistance in criminal proceedings, so allowing a better understanding of the potential limits and problems. The volume is divided into three parts which, over fourteen chapters, offer analyses of poor lawyering across: national and supranational legal systems, including, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, England & Wales, the United States and the European Court of Human Rights; the specific challenges of poor lawyering, such as, regulation of counsel before the International Criminal Court, through codes of conduct, and in cross-border proceedings within Europe; the individual fault and external pressures of criminal defence lawyers; the ‘missed opportunity’ of pre-charge engagement; the importance of insights from legal and criminological psychology; and the role of neurodivergent defendants in the adaptation of the defence lawyer’s assistance. The collection concludes with a transversal and comparative analysis of the effectiveness of defence and the independence of lawyers. With contributions from academics and practitioners from a range of backgrounds, the book will be a valuable resource for students, academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the area of Criminal Justice.

This collection discusses the concept of ‘poor-quality’ criminal defence representation and assistance, so-termed ‘poor lawyering’. It does so from diverse perspectives, including legal and criminological. The work presents an overview of the issue of the quality of legal assistance in criminal proceedings, so allowing a better understanding of the potential limits and problems. The volume is divided into three parts which, over fourteen chapters, offer analyses of poor lawyering across: national and supranational legal systems, including, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, England & Wales, the United States and the European Court of Human Rights; the specific challenges of poor lawyering, such as, regulation of counsel before the International Criminal Court, through codes of conduct, and in cross-border proceedings within Europe; the individual fault and external pressures of criminal defence lawyers; the ‘missed opportunity’ of pre-charge engagement; the importance of insights from legal and criminological psychology; and the role of neurodivergent defendants in the adaptation of the defence lawyer’s assistance. The collection concludes with a transversal and comparative analysis of the effectiveness of defence and the independence of lawyers. With contributions from academics and practitioners from a range of backgrounds, the book will be a valuable resource for students, academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the area of Criminal Justice.

This book, first published in 1988, reveals the great care Dickens took with the planning and preparation of A Tale of Two Cities and its roots. It also explores the aspects of Dickens’s life, especially his interest in private theatricals, which contributed to the genesis of the novel. For the first time the historical sources for the very individual account of the French Revolution presented in A Tale of Two Cities are examined, and the book investigates the novelist’s debt to French and English eye-witnesses. This Companion identifies the multitude of allusions to what Dickens often regarded as the whims of eighteenth-century justice, religion, philosophy, fashion and society. It provides the modern reader with both fundamental sources of information and a fascinating account of the creation of a complex historical novel.

This book, first published in 1988, reveals the great care Dickens took with the planning and preparation of A Tale of Two Cities and its roots. It also explores the aspects of Dickens’s life, especially his interest in private theatricals, which contributed to the genesis of the novel. For the first time the historical sources for the very individual account of the French Revolution presented in A Tale of Two Cities are examined, and the book investigates the novelist’s debt to French and English eye-witnesses. This Companion identifies the multitude of allusions to what Dickens often regarded as the whims of eighteenth-century justice, religion, philosophy, fashion and society. It provides the modern reader with both fundamental sources of information and a fascinating account of the creation of a complex historical novel.

This collection discusses the concept of ‘poor-quality’ criminal defence representation and assistance, so-termed ‘poor lawyering’. It does so from diverse perspectives, including legal and criminological. The work presents an overview of the issue of the quality of legal assistance in criminal proceedings, so allowing a better understanding of the potential limits and problems. The volume is divided into three parts which, over fourteen chapters, offer analyses of poor lawyering across: national and supranational legal systems, including, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, England & Wales, the United States and the European Court of Human Rights; the specific challenges of poor lawyering, such as, regulation of counsel before the International Criminal Court, through codes of conduct, and in cross-border proceedings within Europe; the individual fault and external pressures of criminal defence lawyers; the ‘missed opportunity’ of pre-charge engagement; the importance of insights from legal and criminological psychology; and the role of neurodivergent defendants in the adaptation of the defence lawyer’s assistance. The collection concludes with a transversal and comparative analysis of the effectiveness of defence and the independence of lawyers. With contributions from academics and practitioners from a range of backgrounds, the book will be a valuable resource for students, academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the area of Criminal Justice.

This collection discusses the concept of ‘poor-quality’ criminal defence representation and assistance, so-termed ‘poor lawyering’. It does so from diverse perspectives, including legal and criminological. The work presents an overview of the issue of the quality of legal assistance in criminal proceedings, so allowing a better understanding of the potential limits and problems. The volume is divided into three parts which, over fourteen chapters, offer analyses of poor lawyering across: national and supranational legal systems, including, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, England & Wales, the United States and the European Court of Human Rights; the specific challenges of poor lawyering, such as, regulation of counsel before the International Criminal Court, through codes of conduct, and in cross-border proceedings within Europe; the individual fault and external pressures of criminal defence lawyers; the ‘missed opportunity’ of pre-charge engagement; the importance of insights from legal and criminological psychology; and the role of neurodivergent defendants in the adaptation of the defence lawyer’s assistance. The collection concludes with a transversal and comparative analysis of the effectiveness of defence and the independence of lawyers. With contributions from academics and practitioners from a range of backgrounds, the book will be a valuable resource for students, academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the area of Criminal Justice.