Ashok Vaseashta – författare

Over the past century and a half, advancements in polymer science—encompassing both natural and synthetic materials—have led to the development of strong, lightweight, and highly flexible polymers. Their remarkable diversity and versatility make them indispensable in modern life. However, the escalating accumulation of fragmented plastic waste in the environment has become a pressing global concern. Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), which tend to accumulate at the air-water interface, pose potential safety and security risks by serving as carriers for viruses. Currently, there is limited research on the effects of MNP consumption in both human and non-human models. This book provides a comprehensive examination of the challenges associated with MNPs, their environmental monitoring, and management strategies aimed at risk assessment and mitigation. It explores emerging techniques for identifying, collecting, and mitigating MNP contamination in aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, it delves into the toxicokinetics, fate, and transport of MNPs, including recent findings on their movement within the human body. A notable development in this field is the application of metamaterials for detecting and degrading organic pollutants and microplastics through photocatalysis. From a policy perspective, refining international standards—encompassing product labeling, responsible usage, and strategies for recycling, upcycling, and sustainable disposal—remains imperative for mitigating the long-term impact of MNP pollution.

Pollution has been a developing problem for quite some time in the modern world, and it is no secret how these chemicals negatively affect the environment. With these contaminants penetrating the earth's water supply, affecting weather patterns, and threatening human health, it is critical to study the interaction between commercially produced chemicals and the overall ecosystem. Understanding the nature of these pollutants, the extent in which they are harmful to humans, and quantifying the total risks are a necessity in protecting the future of our world.Emerging Developments and Environmental Impacts of Ecological Chemistry is an essential reference source that discusses the process of chemical contributions and their behavior within the environment. Featuring research on topics such as organic pollution, biochemical technology, and food quality assurance, this book is ideally designed for environmental professionals, researchers, scientists, graduate students, academicians, and policymakers seeking coverage on the main concerns, approaches, and solutions of ecological chemistry in the environment.

This book focuses on threats, especially contaminants, to drinking water and the supply system, especially in municipalities but also in industrial and even residential settings.

This book focuses on threats, especially contaminants, to drinking water and the supply system, especially in municipalities but also in industrial and even residential settings.

This book presents the development of electrospun materials, fundamental principles of electrospinning process, controlling parameters, electrospinning strategies, and electrospun nanofibrous structures with specific properties for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, textile, water treatment, sensor, and energy fields.

This book presents the development of electrospun materials, fundamental principles of electrospinning process, controlling parameters, electrospinning strategies, and electrospun nanofibrous structures with specific properties for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, textile, water treatment, sensor, and energy fields. This book can broadly be divided into three parts: the first comprises basic principles of electrospinning process, general requirements of electrospun materials and advancement in electrospinning technology, the second part describes the applications of electrospun materials in different fields and future prospects, while the third part describes applications that can be used in advanced manufacturing based on conjoining electrospinning and 3D printing. Electrospinning is the most successful process for producing functional nanofibers and nanofibrous membranes with superior chemical and physical properties. The unique properties of electrospun materials including high surface to volume ratio, flexibility, high mechanical strength, high porosity, and adjustable nanofiber and pore size distribution make them potential candidates in a wide range of applications in biomedical and engineering areas. Electrospinning is becoming more efficient and more specialized in order to produce particular fiber types with tunable diameter and morphology, tunable characteristics, having specific patterns and 3D structures.With a strong focus on fundamental materials science and engineering, this book provides systematic and comprehensive coverage of the recent developments and novel perspectives of electrospun materials. This comprehensive book includes chapters that discuss the latest and emerging applications of nanofiber technology in various fields, specifically in areas such as wearable textile, biomedical applications, energy generation and storage, water treatment and environmental remediation, and sensors such as biomarkers in healthcare and biomedical engineering. Despite all these advancements, there are still challenges to be addressed and overcome for nanofiber technology to move towards maturation.

This book addresses to the materials scientists, physicists, chemists, biologists, and electrical engineers engaged in fundamental and applied research or technical investigations on such materials.

This book addresses to the materials scientists, physicists, chemists, biologists, and electrical engineers engaged in fundamental and applied research or technical investigations on such materials.

This proceedings volume provides an international forum for the discussion of current research on high k-dielectric, electrical insulation, dielectric phenomena, and topics related to emerging applications, including applications in biomedical technologies, energy harvesting, materials for critical infrastructure, and smart materials.

mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The book on the Spectrum of Dual-Use Technologies provides information on innovations, technologies, and studies that offer practical knowledge, information, or product insights;

This book is composed of papers accepted for presentation at MICRADS 2025, the 2025 Multidisciplinary International Conference of Research Applied to Defense and Security, held at Holiday Inn & Suites Across From Universal Orlando, Orlando, Florida, USA, between the 24 and 26 of July 2025. The main topics covered are Area A - Systems, Communication and Defense: A1) Information and Communication Technology in Education; A2) Simulation and computer vision in military applications; A3) Analysis and Signal Processing; A4) Cybersecurity and Cyberdefense; A5) Computer Networks, Mobility and Pervasive Systems. Area B - Strategy and political-administrative vision in Defense: B1) Air, Space and Maritime Security and Protection; B2) Strategy, Geopolitics and Oceanopolitics; B3) Administration, economics and logistics applied to Defense; B4) Leadership and e-leadership B5) Military marketing; B6) Health informatics in military applications; B7) Ethics in the context of military operations; B8) Operational law (DICA and DD. HH.); B9) Air, space and cyberspace power; B10) Legislation on Cybersecurity and Cyberdefense. And area C - Engineering and technologies applied to Defense: C1) Wearable Technology and Assistance Devices; C2) Military Naval Engineering; C3) Weapons and Combat Systems; C4) Chemical, Biological and Nuclear Defense; C5) Defense Engineering (General); C6) Energy efficiency; C7) Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning; C8) Unmanned platforms.

The International Symposium on Dielectric Materials and Applications (ISyDMA) conference series provides a distinguished global platform for researchers and scientists to exchange ideas, present findings, and engage in in-depth discussions on recent advances in dielectric materials and their emerging applications. The ISyDMA Proceedings volumes serve as comprehensive records of cutting-edge research on topics including high-κ dielectrics, electrical insulation, dielectric phenomena, and novel applications spanning biomedical technologies, energy harvesting, materials for critical infrastructure, and smart materials. The ninth edition of ISyDMA (ISyDMA’9) was hosted by Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco, from May 7–9, 2025. This proceedings volume compiles the peer-reviewed papers presented at the conference. It opens with keynote contributions that offer overarching perspectives on mechanisms, processes, and applications of dielectric materials, followed by original research articles from participating scholars. Among the notable contributions, one study investigates how the structural self-organization of chalcogenide glasses influences low-frequency Raman scattering (Boson peaks), providing insights into the underlying mechanisms. Another article examines the impact of compositional variations and processing parameters on the optical characteristics of nonstoichiometric glassy films. Research on the parametric optimization of dielectric materials for energy harvesting in IoT devices demonstrates how systematic modeling can significantly reduce experimental trial-and-error in materials fabrication by identifying optimal process parameters. A study on microplasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings illustrates enhanced surface bioactivity in 3D-printed titanium implants, underscoring their clinical promise for biomedical applications. Addressing environmental challenges, another contribution explores the use of dielectric barrier discharge as an innovative technique to mitigate microplastics in aquatic systems. Further, an article describes a photoacoustic method for evaluating the optical absorption coefficients of nanostructured silicon with varying morphologies, along with a comparative study of DC electrical conductivity in 2D and 3D polypyrrole particles embedded in different polymer matrices. Investigations into the synthesis, structural analysis, and dielectric properties of high-purity NiMoO₄ nanospheres with monoclinic symmetry reveal their potential for advanced electronic applications. A theoretical paper on the spectroscopy and electronic structure of group-12 metal carbides and nitrides provides critical insights to guide future experimental and computational studies of transition-metal-based diatomic materials. Several contributions highlight that moderate doping can significantly enhance the electrochemical performance of dielectric materials, demonstrating their suitability for next-generation energy storage systems. An interesting work discusses Poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes fabricated via non-solvent-induced phase separation and modified with styrene–butadiene rubber and graphene nanosheets. The resulting β-phase-rich, polarizable structures exhibit tunable electronic conductivity, making them attractive for piezoelectric energy harvesting applications. Additional articles address the integration of AI in energy management and consumption optimization, as well as applications such as high-efficiency photodetectors based on optically transparent and dielectric materials for monitoring hazardous substances in mail distribution systems. The volume also includes several student contributions highlighting innovative aspects of dielectric science and its interdisciplinary applications. The unique collection of articles is intended for materials scientists, physicists, chemists, biologists, and electrical engineers engaged in fundamental and applied research or technical investigations involving dielectric materials and related technologies. The International Symposium on Dielectric Materials and Applications (ISyDMA) conference series provides a distinguished international platform for researchers to exchange ideas, present findings, and discuss recent advances in dielectric materials and their emerging applications. The ISyDMA Proceedings volumes document state-of-the-art research spanning high-κ dielectrics, electrical insulation, dielectric phenomena, and novel applications in biomedical technologies, energy harvesting, materials for critical infrastructure, and smart materials. The ninth edition of ISyDMA (ISyDMA’9) was hosted by Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco, from May 7–9, 2025. This volume compiles peer-reviewed papers presented at the conference, starting with keynote contributions that offer broad perspectives on the mechanisms, processes, and applications of dielectric materials, followed by original research articles. Highlights include studies on the structural self-organization of chalcogenide glasses and its effect on low-frequency Raman scattering (Boson peaks), and on how compositional and process variations influence the optical characteristics of nonstoichiometric glassy films. Research on parametric optimization of dielectric materials for IoT energy harvesting demonstrates how modeling can minimize trial-and-error in fabrication. A study on microplasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings reveals enhanced bioactivity in 3D-printed titanium implants, while another explores dielectric barrier discharge techniques for mitigating microplastics in aquatic systems. Further contributions include a photoacoustic method for measuring optical absorption in nanostructured silicon, a comparative study of DC conductivity in 2D and 3D polypyrrole composites, and investigations of nanospheres exhibiting monoclinic symmetry with promising dielectric performance. A theoretical analysis of metal carbides and nitrides offers valuable insights for designing transition-metal-based materials. Several papers also demonstrate that moderate doping enhances electrochemical performance, underscoring the potential of dielectrics for energy storage applications. Of particular note, Poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes modified with styrene–butadiene rubber and graphene nanosheets exhibit β-phase-rich, polarizable structures with tunable conductivity—an attractive feature for next-generation piezoelectric energy harvesters. Additional studies integrate artificial intelligence in energy management and report high-efficiency photodetectors using optically transparent dielectric materials for monitoring hazardous substances. This collection serves materials scientists, physicists, chemists, biologists, and electrical engineers engaged in fundamental and applied research on dielectric materials and their multifaceted technological applications.

The exponential increase of the Internet of Things (IoTs) has revolutionized lives, but it has also resulted in massive resource consumption and environmental pollution. In conjunction with Green IoTs (GioTs), there is a parallel effort to create highly sensitive devices by device design to conserve power. Furthermore, numerous applications require deciphering information from very weak optical signals, such as from radiation, medical imaging, industrial non-destructive testing, quantum technologies, astronomy, and various other such routine measurements. It is necessary to design photodetectors with high photosensitivity using various technological innovations to reduce the noise level, such as with two inversely directed barriers, as proposed by the authors, in which the currents of devices mutually compensate each other and create low dark current with high photosensitivity thresholds. The implementation of internal amplification of photocurrents in them can provide high photosensitivity. The book presents the mechanism for the injection amplification of the photocurrent in devices based on cadmium telluride and silicon with a high-resistance sublayer, as well as the study of creating highly sensitive devices, that are resistant to radiation of optical and X-ray ranges of electromagnetic waves. Particular attention is drawn to the mutual compensation process for photocurrents arising in opposite potential barriers covering the layer during longitudinal absorption of radiation in the sublayer. Using structures on the base cadmium telluride and silicon, as an example, the phenomenon of a change in the sign of the spectral photocurrent and the possibilities of wave measurement is provided by this phenomenon. Photoelectronic processes occurring in these semiconductor structures are investigated, and expressions are obtained that relate the parameters of optical radiation and the structure. The algorithm developed using these expressions is based on a new spectral analysis mechanism, which is implemented to prepare inexpensive, reduced dimensions with the need for less materials, and energy-intensive devices. All this is considered in the context of solving urgent problems of quantitative remote identification of the components of an optically transparent medium. The global spectral analysis market is focused on the development of semiconductor photodetectors with spectral-selective sensitivity for spectral analysis. The use of such a photodetector in spectrometry will eliminate the use of opticalmechanical systems due to the new physical principle used in it and will ensure high resolution and reliability of spectrum recording. As environmental threats become increasingly unpredictable, there is also a growing need to develop remote spectral analysis, identification, and assessment of substances in air, water, and food, assessment of the effects of substances on humans, animals, and vegetation, and detection and elimination of pollution sources. Here, the spectral analysis of the electromagnetic radiation transmitting the information from the object with the help of primary sensors is essential.

This book arises from the NATO Advanced Study Institute “Technological Innovations in Detection and Sensing of CBRN Agents and Ecological Terrorism” held in Chisinau, Republic of Moldova in June 2010. It comprises a variety of invited contributions by highly experienced educators, scientists, and industrialists, and is structured to cover important aspects of the field that include developments in chemical-biological, and radiation sensing, synthesis and processing of sensors, and applications of sensors in detecting/monitoring contaminants introduced/dispersed inadvertently or intentionally in air, water, and food supplies. The book emphasizes nanomaterials and nanotechnology based sensing and also includes a section on sensing and detection technologies that can be applied to information security. Finally, it examines regional, national, and international policies and ethics related to nanomaterials and sensing. It will be of considerable interest and value to those already pursuing or considering careers in the field of nanostructured materials and nanotechnology based sensing, In general, it serves as a valuable source of information for those interested in how nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are advancing the field of sensing, detection, and remediation, policy makers, and commanders in the field.

This book arises from the NATO Advanced Study Institute “Technological Innovations in Detection and Sensing of CBRN Agents and Ecological Terrorism” held in Chisinau, Republic of Moldova in June 2010. It comprises a variety of invited contributions by highly experienced educators, scientists, and industrialists, and is structured to cover important aspects of the field that include developments in chemical-biological, and radiation sensing, synthesis and processing of sensors, and applications of sensors in detecting/monitoring contaminants introduced/dispersed inadvertently or intentionally in air, water, and food supplies. The book emphasizes nanomaterials and nanotechnology based sensing and also includes a section on sensing and detection technologies that can be applied to information security. Finally, it examines regional, national, and international policies and ethics related to nanomaterials and sensing. It will be of considerable interest and value to those already pursuing or considering careers in the field of nanostructured materials and nanotechnology based sensing, In general, it serves as a valuable source of information for those interested in how nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are advancing the field of sensing, detection, and remediation, policy makers, and commanders in the field.

This book results from a NATO Advanced Research Workshop titled “Technological Innovations in CBRNE Sensing and Detection for Safety, Security, and Sustainability” held in Yerevan, Armenia in 2012. The objective was to discuss and exchange views as to how fusion of advanced technologies can lead to improved sensors/detectors in support of defense, security, and situational awareness. The chapters range from policy and implementation, advanced sensor platforms using stand-off (THz and optical) and point-contact methods for detection of chemical, nuclear, biological, nuclear and explosive agents and contaminants in water, to synthesis methods for several materials used for sensors.  In view of asymmetric, kinetic, and distributed nature of threat vectors, an emphasis is placed to examine new generation of sensors/detectors that utilize an ecosystems of innovation and advanced sciences convergence in support of effective counter-measures against  CBRNE threats. The book will be of considerable interest and value to those already pursuing or considering careers in the field of nanostructured materials, and sensing/detection of CBRNE agents and water-borne contaminants. For policy implementation and compliance standpoint, the book serves as a resource of several informative contributions. In general, it serves as a valuable source of information for those interested in how nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are advancing the field of sensing and detection using nexus of advanced technologies for scientists, technologists, policy makers, and soldiers and commanders.

This book results from a NATO Advanced Research Workshop titled “Technological Innovations in CBRNE Sensing and Detection for Safety, Security, and Sustainability” held in Yerevan, Armenia in 2012. The objective was to discuss and exchange views as to how fusion of advanced technologies can lead to improved sensors/detectors in support of defense, security, and situational awareness. The chapters range from policy and implementation, advanced sensor platforms using stand-off (THz and optical) and point-contact methods for detection of chemical, nuclear, biological, nuclear and explosive agents and contaminants in water, to synthesis methods for several materials used for sensors.  In view of asymmetric, kinetic, and distributed nature of threat vectors, an emphasis is placed to examine new generation of sensors/detectors that utilize an ecosystems of innovation and advanced sciences convergence in support of effective counter-measures against  CBRNE threats. The book will be of considerable interest and value to those already pursuing or considering careers in the field of nanostructured materials, and sensing/detection of CBRNE agents and water-borne contaminants. For policy implementation and compliance standpoint, the book serves as a resource of several informative contributions. In general, it serves as a valuable source of information for those interested in how nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are advancing the field of sensing and detection using nexus of advanced technologies for scientists, technologists, policy makers, and soldiers and commanders.

An understanding of such threats will render critical infrastructure safe, secure, and resilient.The protection of national critical infrastructures, as well as of the functions and services critical to the proper functioning of society is a key priority and requires a new unique and strategic approach.

This book gathers high-quality research papers presented at MICRADS´24 – the 2024 Multidisciplinary International Conference of Research Applied to Defense and Security, held at Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, in Santiago, Chile, between July 17 and 19, 2024.