B. Sakmann - Böcker

P.J. Pearson, P.M. Vanhoutte: Vasodilator and Vasoconstrictor Substances Produced by the Endothelium. L. Dux: Muscle Relaxation and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Function in Different Muscle Types. C.C. Ashley, P.J. Griffith, T.J. Lea, I.P. Mulligan, R.e. Palmer, and S.J. Simnett: Barnacle Muscle: Ca2+ Activation and Mechanics.

R. Levenson: Isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase: Family Members in Search of Function.- E. Petzinger: Transport of Organic Anions in the Liver. An Update on Bile Acid, Fatty Acid, Monocarboxylate, Anionic Amino Acid, Cholephilic Organic Anion and Anionic Drug Transport.- E. Schultz, K.M. McCormick: Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells.

K.W. Bock: The Aryl Hydrocarbon or Dioxin Receptor: Biologic and Toxic Responses.-K. Grieshaber, I. Hardewig, U. Kreutzer, and H.-O. Pörtner: Physiological and Metabolic Responses to Hypoxia in Invertebrates.-K.-W. Koch: Calcium as Modulator of Phototransduction in Vertebrate Photoreceptor Cells.

Contents: R.L. Moss, G.M. Diffee, M.L. Greaser: Contractile Properties of Skeletal Muscle Fibers in Relation to Myofibrillar Protein Isoforms.-J.E. Wilson: Hexokinases.-J. Rassow, N. Pfanner: Molecular Chaperones and Intracellular Protein Translocation.- H. Fuder, E. Muscholl: Heteroreceptor-Mediated Modulation of Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine Release from Peripheral Nerves.

In this regular issue of Reviews of Physiology the first contribution by Warth and Bleich is on K+ Channels and Colonic Function, the second by Offermanns on Mammalian G-Protein Function in vivo: New Insights Through Altered Expression, and the third contribution by Tenenholz et al. (including one editor of the series) on Structural Determinants of Scorpion Toxin Affinity: The Charybdotoxin (alpha-KTX) Family of K+-channel Blocking Peptides.

W. Ulbricht: Effects of veratridine on sodium currents and fluxes. W. Meyerhof: The elucidation of somatostatin receptor functions: a current view.M. Leist, F. Gantner, g. Künstle and A. Wendel: Cytokine-mediated hepatic apoptosis.

Stjärne: The present review puts the emphasis on two important developments: the discovery that individual postganglionic sympathetic neurons may secrete multiple transmitter substances from different classes of vesicles and by different mechanisms, and the introduction of new techniques which may permit for the first time direct impulse by impulse analysis of transmitter secretion in individual sympathetic nerve varicosities. Illes: Exogenous and endogen opioid peptides elicit a number of effects in the organism, usually by modifying the function of transmitter and hormone systems, for example, activation of multiple opioid receptors. The effects of opioids on transmitter and hormone release have frequently been reviewed. This review gives a detailed overview on the involvement of multiple opioid receptors in these processes. Rothstein: This article gives an overview of the exchange in acidification and transepithelial salt and water transfer in nonepithelial cells. Delineating the exchanger's most important, common features, and concentrating particularly on its role in cell pH and volume regulation.

In this second special issue on signal transductionleading specialists in their fields again present overviewsof topics related to the highly topicalsubject of signaltransduction. The first contribution, by Keppler, deals withthe biosynthesis, transport, inactivation, and analysis ofleukotrienes. Mohr et al. present an excellent overview ofthe biology of the peptide hormone oxytocin and its role insignal transduction.The review by Holzer describes thesignificance of peptinergic sensory neurons in the controlof vascular functions. In the contribution by Wolf etalthe molecular biology of the Y chromosome is discussed.

Cook et al.: Phospholipases C and D in Mitogenic SignalTransduction. Moolenaar et al: Lysophosphatidatic Acid: ABioactive Phospholipid with Growth Factor-Like Properties.Kozma et al.: Serine/Threonine Kinases in thePropagation ofthe Early Mitogenic Response. Diringer et al: ARetrospective on Transformation, Growth Control, and somePeculiarities of Lipid Metabolism. Villereal et al.: CalciumSignals in Growth Factor Signal Transduction. Wakabayashi etal.: Structure Function of the Growth Factor-ActivatableNa+/H+ Exchanger. Herrlich et al.: DNA Damage-Induces GeneExpression: Signal Transduction and Relation to GrowthFactor Signaling. Lucibello et al.: Transcription FactorEncoding Oncogenes

J.A. Roth: Membrane-Bound Catechol-O-Methyltreansferase: A Reevaluation of Its Role in the O-Methylation of the Catecholamine Transmitters. D.J. Benos, S. Cunningham, R.R. Baker, K.B. Beason, Y. Oh, and P.R. Smith: Molecular Characteristics of Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels. D. Pette and G. Vrbov : Adaptation of Mammalian Skeletal Muscle Fibers to Chronic Electrical Stimulation.