Balwinder Raj – författare

Nanoscale Memristor Device and Circuits Design provides theoretical frameworks, including (i) the background of memristors, (ii) physics of memristor and their modeling, (iii) menristive device applications, and (iv) circuit design for security and authentication. The book focuses on a broad aspect of realization of these applications as low cost and reliable devices. This is an important reference that will help materials scientists and engineers understand the production and applications of nanoscale memrister devices. A memristor is a two-terminal memory nanoscale device that stores information in terms of high/low resistance. It can retain information even when the power source is removed, i.e., "non-volatile."

In contrast to MOS Transistors (MOST), which are the building blocks of all modern mobile and computing devices, memristors are relatively immune to radiation, as well as parasitic effects, such as capacitance, and can be much more reliable. This is extremely attractive for critical safety applications, such as nuclear and aerospace, where radiation can cause failure in MOST-based systems.

Outlines the major principles of circuit design for nanoelectronic applications Explores major applications, including memristor-based memories, sensors, solar cells, or memristor-based hardware and software security applications Assesses the major challenges to manufacturing nanoscale memristor devices at an industrial scale

Nanoelectronic Devices for Hardware and Software Security has comprehensive coverage of the principles, basic concepts, structure, modeling, practices, and circuit applications of nanoelectronics in hardware/software security. It also covers the future research directions in this domain. In this evolving era, nanotechnology is converting semiconductor devices dimensions from micron technology to nanotechnology. Nanoelectronics would be the key enabler for innovation in nanoscale devices, circuits, and systems. The motive for this research book is to provide relevant theoretical frameworks that include device physics, modeling, circuit design, and the latest developments in experimental fabrication in the field of nanotechnology for hardware/software security. There are numerous challenges in the development of models for nanoscale devices (e.g., FinFET, gate-all-around devices, TFET, etc.), short channel effects, fringing effects, high leakage current, and power dissipation, among others. This book will help to identify areas where there are challenges and apply nanodevice and circuit techniques to address hardware/software security issues.

VLSI devices downscaling is a very significant part of the design to improve the performance of VLSI industry outcomes, which results in high speed and low power of operation of integrated devices. The increasing use of VLSI circuits dealing with highly sensitive information, such as healthcare information, means adequate security measures are required to be taken for the secure storage and transmission. Advanced Circuits and Systems for Healthcare and Security Applications provides broader coverage of the basic aspects of advanced circuits and security and introduces the corresponding principles. By the end of this book, you will be familiarized with the theoretical frameworks, technical methodologies, and empirical research findings in the field to protect your computers and information from adversaries. Advanced circuits and the comprehensive material of this book will keep you interested and involved throughout.The book is an integrated source which aims at understanding the basic concepts associated with the security of the advanced circuits and the cyber world as a first step towards achieving high-end protection from adversaries and hackers. The content includes theoretical frameworks and recent empirical findings in the field to understand the associated principles, key challenges and recent real-time applications of the advanced circuits and cybersecurity. It illustrates the notions, models, and terminologies that are widely used in the area of circuits and security, identifies the existing security issues in the field, and evaluates the underlying factors that influence the security of the systems. It emphasizes the idea of understanding the motivation of the attackers to establish adequate security measures and to mitigate security attacks in a better way. This book also outlines the exciting areas of future research where the already-existing methodologies can be implemented. Moreover, this book is suitable for students, researchers, and professionals in the who are looking forward to carry out research in the field of advanced circuits and systems for healthcare and security applications; faculty members across universities; and software developers.

VLSI devices downscaling is a very significant part of the design to improve the performance of VLSI industry outcomes, which results in high speed and low power of operation of integrated devices. The increasing use of VLSI circuits dealing with highly sensitive information, such as healthcare information, means adequate security measures are required to be taken for the secure storage and transmission. Advanced Circuits and Systems for Healthcare and Security Applications provides broader coverage of the basic aspects of advanced circuits and security and introduces the corresponding principles. By the end of this book, you will be familiarized with the theoretical frameworks, technical methodologies, and empirical research findings in the field to protect your computers and information from adversaries. Advanced circuits and the comprehensive material of this book will keep you interested and involved throughout.The book is an integrated source which aims at understanding the basic concepts associated with the security of the advanced circuits and the cyber world as a first step towards achieving high-end protection from adversaries and hackers. The content includes theoretical frameworks and recent empirical findings in the field to understand the associated principles, key challenges and recent real-time applications of the advanced circuits and cybersecurity. It illustrates the notions, models, and terminologies that are widely used in the area of circuits and security, identifies the existing security issues in the field, and evaluates the underlying factors that influence the security of the systems. It emphasizes the idea of understanding the motivation of the attackers to establish adequate security measures and to mitigate security attacks in a better way. This book also outlines the exciting areas of future research where the already-existing methodologies can be implemented. Moreover, this book is suitable for students, researchers, and professionals in the who are looking forward to carry out research in the field of advanced circuits and systems for healthcare and security applications; faculty members across universities; and software developers.

Nanoelectronic Devices for Hardware and Software Security has comprehensive coverage of the principles, basic concepts, structure, modeling, practices, and circuit applications of nanoelectronics in hardware/software security. It also covers the future research directions in this domain. In this evolving era, nanotechnology is converting semiconductor devices dimensions from micron technology to nanotechnology. Nanoelectronics would be the key enabler for innovation in nanoscale devices, circuits, and systems. The motive for this research book is to provide relevant theoretical frameworks that include device physics, modeling, circuit design, and the latest developments in experimental fabrication in the field of nanotechnology for hardware/software security. There are numerous challenges in the development of models for nanoscale devices (e.g., FinFET, gate-all-around devices, TFET, etc.), short channel effects, fringing effects, high leakage current, and power dissipation, among others. This book will help to identify areas where there are challenges and apply nanodevice and circuit techniques to address hardware/software security issues.

Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and advanced electronic circuits involve learning from every data input and using those inputs to generate new rules for future business analytics. AI and machine learning are now giving us new opportunities to use big data that we already had, as well as unleash a whole lot of new use cases with new data types. With the increasing use of AI dealing with highly sensitive information such as healthcare, adequate security measures are required to securely store and transmit this information. This book provides a broader coverage of the basic aspects of advanced circuits design and applications.AI for Big Data-Based Engineering Applications from Security Perspectives is an integrated source that aims at understanding the basic concepts associated with the security of advanced circuits. The content includes theoretical frameworks and recent empirical findings in the field to understand the associated principles, key challenges, and recent real-time applications of advanced circuits, AI, and big data security. It illustrates the notions, models, and terminologies that are widely used in the area of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits, security, identifies the existing security issues in the field, and evaluates the underlying factors that influence system security. This work emphasizes the idea of understanding the motivation behind advanced circuit design to establish the AI interface and to mitigate security attacks in a better way for big data. This book also outlines exciting areas of future research where already existing methodologies can be implemented. This material is suitable for students, researchers, and professionals with research interest in AI for big data–based engineering applications, faculty members across universities, and software developers.

Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and advanced electronic circuits involve learning from every data input and using those inputs to generate new rules for future business analytics. AI and machine learning are now giving us new opportunities to use big data that we already had, as well as unleash a whole lot of new use cases with new data types. With the increasing use of AI dealing with highly sensitive information such as healthcare, adequate security measures are required to securely store and transmit this information. This book provides a broader coverage of the basic aspects of advanced circuits design and applications.AI for Big Data-Based Engineering Applications from Security Perspectives is an integrated source that aims at understanding the basic concepts associated with the security of advanced circuits. The content includes theoretical frameworks and recent empirical findings in the field to understand the associated principles, key challenges, and recent real-time applications of advanced circuits, AI, and big data security. It illustrates the notions, models, and terminologies that are widely used in the area of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits, security, identifies the existing security issues in the field, and evaluates the underlying factors that influence system security. This work emphasizes the idea of understanding the motivation behind advanced circuit design to establish the AI interface and to mitigate security attacks in a better way for big data. This book also outlines exciting areas of future research where already existing methodologies can be implemented. This material is suitable for students, researchers, and professionals with research interest in AI for big data–based engineering applications, faculty members across universities, and software developers.

This book presents a comprehensive approach to antenna designs for various applications, including 5G communication, the internet of things (IoT), and wearable devices. It discusses models, designs, and developments of MIMO antennas, antenna performance measurement, 5G communication challenges and opportunities, and MIMO antennas for LTE/ISM applications. It covers important topics including mmWave antennas, antenna arrays for MIMO applications, reconfigurable/band-notched MIMO antennas, multiband MIMO antennas, wideband MIMO antennas, and fractal-based compact multiband hybrid antennas.FEATURES Discusses antenna design optimization techniques in detail Covers MIMO antenna performance measurement, multiband MIMO antennas, and wideband MIMO antennas Discusses modeling, simulation, and specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis of antennas Provides applications including radio-frequency identification (RFID), wearable antennas, and antennas for IoTMultifunctional MIMO Antennas: Fundamentals and Application is useful for undergraduate and graduate students and academic researchers in areas including electrical engineering, electronics, and communication engineering.

This book presents a comprehensive approach to antenna designs for various applications, including 5G communication, the internet of things (IoT), and wearable devices. It discusses models, designs, and developments of MIMO antennas, antenna performance measurement, 5G communication challenges and opportunities, and MIMO antennas for LTE/ISM applications. It covers important topics including mmWave antennas, antenna arrays for MIMO applications, reconfigurable/band-notched MIMO antennas, multiband MIMO antennas, wideband MIMO antennas, and fractal-based compact multiband hybrid antennas.FEATURES Discusses antenna design optimization techniques in detail Covers MIMO antenna performance measurement, multiband MIMO antennas, and wideband MIMO antennas Discusses modeling, simulation, and specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis of antennas Provides applications including radio-frequency identification (RFID), wearable antennas, and antennas for IoTMultifunctional MIMO Antennas: Fundamentals and Application is useful for undergraduate and graduate students and academic researchers in areas including electrical engineering, electronics, and communication engineering.

This reference text discusses conduction mechanism, structure construction, operation, performance evaluation and applications of nanoscale semiconductor materials and devices in VLSI circuits design.The text explains nano materials, devices, analysis of its design parameters to meet the sub-nano-regime challenges for CMOS devices. It discusses important topics including memory design and testing, fin field-effect transistor (FinFET), tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) for sensors design, carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) for memory design, nanowire and nanoribbons, nano devices based low-power-circuit design, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) design.The bookdiscusses nanoscale semiconductor materials, device models, and circuit designcovers nanoscale semiconductor device structures and modelingdiscusses novel nano-semiconductor devices such as FinFET, CNTFET, and Nanowirecovers power dissipation and reduction techniquesDiscussing innovative nanoscale semiconductor device structures and modeling, this text will be useful for graduate students, and academic researchers in diverse areas such as electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, nanoscience, and nanotechnology. It covers nano devices based low-power-circuit design, nanoscale devices based digital VLSI circuits, and novel devices based analog VLSI circuits design.

This reference text discusses conduction mechanism, structure construction, operation, performance evaluation and applications of nanoscale semiconductor materials and devices in VLSI circuits design.The text explains nano materials, devices, analysis of its design parameters to meet the sub-nano-regime challenges for CMOS devices. It discusses important topics including memory design and testing, fin field-effect transistor (FinFET), tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) for sensors design, carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) for memory design, nanowire and nanoribbons, nano devices based low-power-circuit design, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) design.The bookdiscusses nanoscale semiconductor materials, device models, and circuit designcovers nanoscale semiconductor device structures and modelingdiscusses novel nano-semiconductor devices such as FinFET, CNTFET, and Nanowirecovers power dissipation and reduction techniquesDiscussing innovative nanoscale semiconductor device structures and modeling, this text will be useful for graduate students, and academic researchers in diverse areas such as electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, nanoscience, and nanotechnology. It covers nano devices based low-power-circuit design, nanoscale devices based digital VLSI circuits, and novel devices based analog VLSI circuits design.

Sustainability refers to the concept that all people should be able to meet their basic needs indefinitely, without compromising future generations. Sustainability, in terms of energy, embraces the same principles. One day the world will run out of fossil fuels. We need to realize how important sustainable energy is and its significance when it comes to the future of our planet. Sustainable energy includes any energy source that cannot be depleted and can remain viable forever. It does not need to be renewed or replenished; sustainable energy meets our demand for energy without any risk of failing or running out. This is why sustainable energy is the answer to our energy needs. Furthermore, sustainable energy doesn’t harm the environment (or at most, there is a minimal risk), increase climate change, or cost a heavy price. Although there is a cost associated with creating and building ways to capture sustainable energy, the energy sources themselves are typically free. The main objective of this book is to provide an up-to-date review of conduction mechanisms, structure construction, operation, performance evaluation, and applications of various renewable energies and fuels. The current trend in innovation is likely to explore the potential to connect novel materials, design methods, and new techniques, which would allow us to maintain existing resources and develop new methods by employing smart technologies. This book provides a complete insight into recent advancements in nanomaterials, renewable energy design, and applications. The purpose of this book is to provide relevant theoretical frameworks that include materials, modeling, circuit design, and the latest developments in experimental work in the field of renewable energy and fuels.This book:Presents solar energy conversion including photovoltaics and artificial photosynthesisDiscusses important topics such as energy management standards, biofuels, biorefining, and capacitive desalinationIllustrates the importance of novel materials and process improvements for sustainable energy and fuelsIncludes research problem statements with specifications and commercially available industry dataCovers catalysis for energy technologies, including the sustainable synthesis of fuels and chemicals, molecular, and bioinspired catalysisThe text is primarily written for senior undergraduates and graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, environmental engineering, and renewable energy.

This book exhibits a unique way of explaining nanomaterials and devices and analyzing their design parameters to meet the sub-nanoregime challenges for low-power chip design. Since process variability, device sizing, and power supply scaling are ongoing challenges in very large-scale integration (VLSI) circuit designs, this book highlights the conventional and novel nanomaterials, devices and circuits, leakage current mitigation techniques, and other important trade-offs along with exhaustive analysis. More focus has been placed throughout the book on various trade-offs for high-speed and low-power VLSI devices and circuits co-design. This book:Discusses advanced nano-semiconductor devices such as FinFET, nanowires, tunnel field-effect transistors, carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, and high-electron-mobility transistorsPresents high-performance semiconductor devices at nanoscale technology nodes for the analysis of quantum effects and their impact on circuits and systemsCovers power dissipation and reduction techniques for high-performance devicesExplains both silicon and non-silicon devices for various applications like digital logic and analog/radio frequency applicationsExamines the difficulties and practical design approaches for extremely low-power analog-integrated circuitsIt is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering, materials science, nanoscience, and nanotechnology.

The text explains 2D materials, nanodevices, and analysis of their design parameters to meet the sub-nano-regime challenges for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. It further covers important topics such as 2D nanomaterial-based transistors, flexible sensors, wearable electronics, flexible energy storage devices, 2D nanomaterial-based antennas, and artificial intelligence-enhanced flexible electronics.Features:• Explains the design of flexible transistors based on 2D nanomaterials, and the manufacturing process for flexible devices with 2D materials.• Discusses the importance of artificial intelligence in the modeling, simulation, characterization, and development of flexible electronic devices.• Presents applications of 2D nanomaterials-based flexible devices on the Internet of Things and healthcare sector.• Highlights the importance of 2D materials in the design of flexible sensors, and wearable electronic devices.• Showcases how to integrate flexible sensors and low-power devices based on 2D nanomaterials into the Internet of Things for intelligent homes.It is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electrical and communications engineering, materials science, nanoscience, and nanotechnology.

This book comprehensively:Covers material for nanowires, device models, and applications for circuit design based on nanowire field-effect transistorsExplains a wide spectrum for designing robust multi-gate nanowire devices and low-power circuitsHighlights the conventional and novel nanomaterials, devices, and circuits, leakage current mitigation techniques, and important tradeoffs along with exhaustive analysisIncludes nanowire device structures and modeling along with MATLAB® codesOffers an in-depth insight into the temporal degradation awareness and interconnects delay, which provides inside exposure to the impact of reductions in speed and consumption of more powerThe text is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering, materials science, nanoscience, and nanotechnology.

The text showcases the use of 2D nanomaterials for renewable energy devices, presents current research trends on green energy, and covers topics such as multi-junction solar cells, III-V compound-based solar cells, and perovskite.Cover nanomaterials, devices, as well as applications of advanced devices in green energy system development.Discuss cutting-edge materials that promise greater flexibility and efficiency, such as tandem structures, quantum dots, and organic photovoltaics.Highlight new developments in offshore wind farms, wind turbine design, and enhanced energy capture across a range of wind conditions.Investigate the incorporation of renewable energy sources into charging networks, in developing more environmentally friendly electric mobility systems.Examines automated controls, real-time data systems, and smart grid technologies that integrate renewable energy sources and optimize energy distribution.The text is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering, energy engineering, renewable energy, clean technologies, nanoscience, and nanotechnology.

With its in-depth exploration of the close connection between microelectronics, AI, and VLSI technology, this book offers valuable insights into the cutting-edge techniques and tools used in VLSI design automation, making it an essential resource for anyone seeking to stay ahead in the rapidly evolving field of VLSI design. Very large-scale integration (VLSI) is the inter-disciplinary science of utilizing advanced semiconductor technology to create various functions of computer system. This book addresses the close link of microelectronics and artificial intelligence (AI). By combining VLSI technology, a very powerful computer architecture confinement is possible. To overcome problems at different design stages, researchers introduced artificial intelligent (AI) techniques in VLSI design automation. AI techniques, such as knowledge-based and expert systems, first try to define the problem and then choose the best solution from the domain of possible solutions. These days, several CAD technologies, such as Synopsys and Mentor Graphics, are specifically created to increase the automation of VLSI design. When a task is completed using the appropriate tool, each stage of the task design produces outcomes that are more productive than typical. However, combining all of these tools into a single package offer has drawbacks. We can’t really use every outlook without sacrificing the efficiency and usefulness of our output. The researchers decided to include AI approaches into VLSI design automation in order to get around these obstacles. AI is one of the fastest growing tools in the world of technology and innovation that helps to make computers more reliable and easy to use. Artificial Intelligence in VLSI design has provided high-end and more feasible solutions to the difficulties faced by the VLSI industry. Physical design, RTL design, STA, etc. are some of the most in-demand courses to enter the VLSI industry. These courses help develop a better understanding of the many tools like Synopsis. With each new dawn, artificial intelligence in VLSI design is continually evolving, and new opportunities are being investigated.

FeFET Devices, Trends, Technology and Applications is essential for anyone seeking an in-depth understanding of the latest advancements in ferroelectric devices, as it offers comprehensive insights into research techniques, novel materials, and the historical context of semiconductor development. This book serves as an encyclopedia of knowledge for state-of-the-art research techniques for the miniaturization of ferroelectric devices. This volume explores characteristics, novel materials used, modifications in device structure, and advancements in model FET devices. Though many devices following Moore’s Law and More-Moore are proposed, a complete history of existing and proposed semiconductor devices is now available here. This resource focuses on developments and research in emerging ferroelectric FET devices and their applications, providing unique coverage of topics covering recent advancements and novel concepts in the field of miniaturized ferroelectric devices.

Smart Textiles and Wearables for Health and Fitness provides an in-depth exploration of how innovative technologies and materials are reshaping healthcare, making it an essential resource for anyone looking to understand the transformative power of smart textiles and wearables in patient monitoring, diagnosis, and rehabilitation. Smart Textiles and Wearables for Health and Fitness explores the transformative influence of flexible electronics on the healthcare field. The book’s chapters include a broad spectrum of topics, each offering valuable perspectives on the intersection of textiles, wearables, and health technology. Smart Textiles and Wearables for Health and Fitness delves into the unique technologies and materials driving the flexible electronics revolution, offering insights into their development and applications. The study explores the diverse uses of intelligent textiles and wearable devices in healthcare, encompassing activities such as monitoring patients, diagnosing conditions, aiding rehabilitation, and administering therapeutic interventions. In this volume, we will explore the incorporation of sensors, biometrics, and biomarkers into textiles to showcase their capacity for immediate health monitoring and data collection. Additionally, we will explore the possible uses of smart textiles and wearables in managing chronic conditions, tracking sports and fitness activities, and facilitating human-computer interaction in medical settings. This book promises an engaging journey through the frontiers of technology, offering a comprehensive understanding of the transformative potential of smart textiles and wearables in revolutionizing healthcare delivery and improving patient outcomes.

Bridge the gap between advanced algorithms and hardware innovation with this essential book, which details how machine learning is being used to overcome challenges in nanoelectronics while laying the critical groundwork for the future of neuromorphic computing hardware. New techniques for obtaining insights from enormous amounts of data and efficiently acquiring smaller data sets are provided by recent developments in machine learning. Researchers in nanoscience and nanoelectronics are experimenting with these tools to tackle challenges across many fields. Nanoscience and nanoelectronics not only advance machine learning but also lay the groundwork for neuromorphic computing hardware to broaden machine learning algorithm implementation. This book is a collection of possibilities for machine learning in nanoelectronics, semiconductor devices, and based circuits. With an easy-to-understand approach, this book explores the latest in machine learning in nanoelectronics materials and nanoscale devices through insights and analysis of recent developments in nanoelectronics.

Unlock the future of nanotechnology with this essential guide, which provides an exhaustive exploration of solutions to overcome the physical limits of silicon and optimize the performance of next-generation nanoscale semiconductor devices. As the role of microelectronics grows in today’s world, there is a need for new material solutions that move away from the limited conductivity of silicon to improve the electronic properties in nanoscale semiconductor devices. This unique guide exhaustively explores a number of topics, including 2D materials, microelectronic devices, large VLSI circuit design, and leakage mitigation techniques. The book showcases in-depth analyses of microelectronic device structures and their applications, properties, and characterization. With its easy-to-understand approach, this book is an excellent resource for novices and experts alike.

With recent advancements in electronics, specifically nanoscale devices, new technologies are being implemented to improve the properties of automated systems. However, conventional materials are failing due to limited mobility, high leakage currents, and power dissipation. To mitigate these challenges, alternative resources are required to advance electronics further into the nanoscale domain. Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors are a potential solution yet lack the information and research to be properly utilized.Major Applications of Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors (CNTFET) is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of converting semiconductor devices from micron technology to nanotechnology. The book provides readers with an updated status on existing CNTs, CNTFETs, and their applications and examines practical applications to minimize short channel effects and power dissipation in nanoscale devices and circuits. While highlighting topics including interconnects, digital circuits, and single-wall CNTs, this book is ideally designed for electrical engineers, electronics engineers, students, researchers, academicians, industry professionals, and practitioners working in nanoscience, nanotechnology, applied physics, and electrical and electronics engineering.