This open access book presents a timely and comprehensive exploration of how scientific understanding and management of inland and near-shore aquatic ecosystems depend on sustainable satellite observation capabilities. Current remote sensing missions are not fully optimized to monitor optically complex waters, shallow environments, or dynamic wetland systems. In particular, existing global missions fall short in meeting the spatial, spectral, and radiometric requirements needed to detect subtle changes in water quality, carbon fluxes, and biodiversity.The book addresses both scientific challenges and societal needs that call for improved monitoring of aquatic ecosystems. It offers a forward-looking vision for future satellite missions that can close existing gaps and contribute to global sustainability efforts.Intended for researchers, graduate students, and decision-makers in Earth system science, environmental policy, and remote sensing, this book supports the scientific definition of next-generation Earth observation systems and encourages interdisciplinary dialogue on the sustainable use and protection of aquatic environments.

This open access book presents a timely and comprehensive exploration of how scientific understanding and management of inland and near-shore aquatic ecosystems depend on sustainable satellite observation capabilities. Current remote sensing missions are not fully optimized to monitor optically complex waters, shallow environments, or dynamic wetland systems. In particular, existing global missions fall short in meeting the spatial, spectral, and radiometric requirements needed to detect subtle changes in water quality, carbon fluxes, and biodiversity.The book addresses both scientific challenges and societal needs that call for improved monitoring of aquatic ecosystems. It offers a forward-looking vision for future satellite missions that can close existing gaps and contribute to global sustainability efforts.Intended for researchers, graduate students, and decision-makers in Earth system science, environmental policy, and remote sensing, this book supports the scientific definition of next-generation Earth observation systems and encourages interdisciplinary dialogue on the sustainable use and protection of aquatic environments.