Duane F. Bruley - Böcker

Taken from the 25th Annual Meeting to the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue He, this book covers such topics as molecular and genetic techniques to study oxygen transport in health and disease, and physiological mechanisms of oxygen sensing.

Proceedings of the 32nd scientific meeting of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) in Bari, Italy, August 21-26, 2004.

At the beginning of a Southern Hemisphere Autumn, the ISOTT tribe assembled for its annual corroboree on the banks of the Brisbane River in Australia for five days of exciting science. Some of the tribe had travelled from as far as Sweden and other parts of Europe; many had spirited themselves across the Pacific Ocean from the Americas. Yet another small contingent had paddled down from Japan. All came with message sticks from their camp-sites. The conference opened with an outdoor barbecue at the Southbank precinct, with the stars of the Southern Cross painting the river on one side and the artificial beach on the other; a perfect venue to meet old friends and to welcome new ones as a cool breeze wafted over our fires. For the next five days there was the usual focus on oxygen; measurement techniques, its role in cancer and other diseases that beset us mortals and the biochemistry and physiology of this small vital molecule. It still astounds many that we have not yet learnt everything there is to know about this valuable friend, albeit a dangerous foe. Time was found for us to visit Australia Zoo and stand in awe before exhibits of Australia’s wild-life; great vicious creatures unchanged from the age of the dinosaurs, poisonous snakes and spiders, and gentle marsupials that posed for our digital cameras.

The 34th Annual Conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) was held during August 12–17, 2006 in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. The emphasis of ISOTT-2006 was on ‘‘Expanding our Horizon. ’’ In terms of research topics, we added some newer ones – Translational Studies, Tissue Engineering, and Nanobiotechnology. In terms of participants, we put extra effort into including more junior researchers because we felt that they were the future of our society and for the first time in ISOTT history we had presentations made by high school students. In terms of organization, it was truly local, national, and international. The support in organizing ISOTT-2006 came from various directions: We would like to express our special thanks to the University of Louisville (UofL), especially to the UofL Provost Office, Speed School of Engineering, School of Medicine, and the office of the Vice President of Research. UofL’s financial support allowed us to supplement the student’s registration fees s- stantially and to invite so many excellent distinguished lecturers. It should be noted that none of our invited speakers requested an honorarium – we thank them immensely. I would personally like to thank the Chemical Engineering Department of UofL for allowing me to take time off from my teaching resp- sibility. We appreciate UofL President Ramsey’s visit to our dinner held at the Derby Museum. We thank the Case Western Reserve University for having their MIMS Center symposium with us.

In 1772 in Uppsala the Swedish chemist Karl Wilhelm Scheele discovered the element Oxygen. Two hundred and one years later, in 1973, the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) was founded. Since then there has been an annual ISOTT meeting. After 24 years of international ISOTT meetings it was decided, at the 2005 summit in Bary, Italy, that the 2007 meeting was to be held in Uppsala, Sweden. Thus, after the Louisville meeting we, in the Uppsala group, withdrew to the Edgewater Resort at Taylorsville Lake outside Louisville and prepared the Uppsala ISOTT meeting by tasting Kentucky Bourbons, smoking cigars while bathing in a jacuzzi in the hot dark Kentucky night full of fire flies and a sky full of stars. The ISOTT program should include different aspects of oxygen - however, it is accepted that each meeting has its own local “touch”. We decided to focus the Uppsala ISOTT meeting on the theme of "Imaging and measuring oxygen changes". With this in mind we invited scientists within and outside the ISOTT society. We then also received lots of good abstracts from ISOTT members that were included in the program. Lars-Olof Sundelöf introduction speech “AIR AND FIRE” concerned how oxygen was discovered in Uppsala in 1772 by Karl Wilhelm Scheele. After the introduction speech a get together event took place in the magnificent and spacious foyer of Uppsala University main building. The vice chancellor Ulf Pettersson welcomed all delegates to Sweden and Uppsala.

The International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT, www. isott. info) is an interdisciplinary society comprising about 250 members worldwide. Its purpose is to further the understanding of all aspects of the processes involved in the transport of oxygen from the air to its ultimate consumption in the cells of the various organs of the body. The annual meeting brings together scientists, engineers, clinicians and mathematicians in a unique int- national forum for the exchange of information and knowledge, the updating of participants on latest developments and techniques, and the discussion of controversial issues within the field of oxygen transport to tissue. Founded in 1973, the society has been the leading platform for the presentation of many of the technological and conceptual developments within the field both at the meetings themselves and in the proceedings of the society. These have been published first by Plenum Publishing (1973), then by Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers and presently by Springer Publishing, all in the Advances In Expe- mental Medicine and Biology Series. The 36th Annual ISOTT conference was held in Sapporo, Japan during August 3–7, 2008. It was the second occasion that the ISOTT meeting was held in Japan; the first one was held in the same place in 1987 organized by Professor Masaji Mochizuki.

The 34th Annual Conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) was held during August 12–17, 2006 in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. The emphasis of ISOTT-2006 was on ‘‘Expanding our Horizon. ’’ In terms of research topics, we added some newer ones – Translational Studies, Tissue Engineering, and Nanobiotechnology. In terms of participants, we put extra effort into including more junior researchers because we felt that they were the future of our society and for the first time in ISOTT history we had presentations made by high school students. In terms of organization, it was truly local, national, and international. The support in organizing ISOTT-2006 came from various directions: We would like to express our special thanks to the University of Louisville (UofL), especially to the UofL Provost Office, Speed School of Engineering, School of Medicine, and the office of the Vice President of Research. UofL’s financial support allowed us to supplement the student’s registration fees s- stantially and to invite so many excellent distinguished lecturers. It should be noted that none of our invited speakers requested an honorarium – we thank them immensely. I would personally like to thank the Chemical Engineering Department of UofL for allowing me to take time off from my teaching resp- sibility. We appreciate UofL President Ramsey’s visit to our dinner held at the Derby Museum. We thank the Case Western Reserve University for having their MIMS Center symposium with us.

In 1772 in Uppsala the Swedish chemist Karl Wilhelm Scheele discovered the element Oxygen. Two hundred and one years later, in 1973, the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) was founded. Since then there has been an annual ISOTT meeting. After 24 years of international ISOTT meetings it was decided, at the 2005 summit in Bary, Italy, that the 2007 meeting was to be held in Uppsala, Sweden. Thus, after the Louisville meeting we, in the Uppsala group, withdrew to the Edgewater Resort at Taylorsville Lake outside Louisville and prepared the Uppsala ISOTT meeting by tasting Kentucky Bourbons, smoking cigars while bathing in a jacuzzi in the hot dark Kentucky night full of fire flies and a sky full of stars. The ISOTT program should include different aspects of oxygen - however, it is accepted that each meeting has its own local “touch”. We decided to focus the Uppsala ISOTT meeting on the theme of "Imaging and measuring oxygen changes". With this in mind we invited scientists within and outside the ISOTT society. We then also received lots of good abstracts from ISOTT members that were included in the program. Lars-Olof Sundelöf introduction speech “AIR AND FIRE” concerned how oxygen was discovered in Uppsala in 1772 by Karl Wilhelm Scheele. After the introduction speech a get together event took place in the magnificent and spacious foyer of Uppsala University main building. The vice chancellor Ulf Pettersson welcomed all delegates to Sweden and Uppsala.

This book covers all aspects of oxygen delivery to tissue, including blood flow and its regulation as well as oxygen metabolism. Special attention will be paid to methods of oxygen measurement in living tissue and application of these technologies to understanding physiological and biochemical basis for pathology related to tissue oxygenation. This book is multidisciplinary and designed to bring together experts and students from a range of research fields including biochemical engineering, physiology, microcirculation, and hematology.

Seventeen years after the 2nd International Symposium on Oxygen Transport to Tissue, which was held in Mainz in March 1975, the local Organizing Committee and the Board of ISOTT were pleased to host the ISOTT Conference in Mainz on the Rhine again. The venue of the 20th meeting was the prestigious, fully restored Schloss Waldthausen (Waldthausen Castle) which provided a special setting for ISOTT 1992. The beautiful front view of the castle became part of the ISOTT 1992 logo. The 20th ISOTT Meeting was held in Mainz from August 26th through August 30th, 1992. The Conference attracted 200 active participants from 16 countries. The theme of this meeting emphasized oxygen transport to tumors but as in earlier meetings, essentially all aspects of oxygen transport within the body were covered as demonstrated by the manuscripts comprising this volume of the series "Oxygen Transport to Tissue". All manuscripts were reviewed. Extensive revisions were made in about 25% and modest revision in about another 30%. Because we had to compromise between the aim of rapid publication on the one hand and the need for thorough review on the other, minor errors in format and some typographical errors were not corrected. Except for some revisions, all of the original camera-ready manuscripts in this volume were prepared by the authors themselves and we greatly appreciate their cooperation.

The International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (IS OTT) was founded in 1973 as a scientific society providing a forum for bioengineers, basic scientists (physiologists, biochemists and physicists) and clinicians (including anesthesiologists, intensive care specialists, pediatricians, neonatologists, internists, surgeons and other specialists) to facilitate the exchange of scientific information among those interested in any aspect of the transport and/or utilization of oxygen in tissues. From the ranks of its members, many fundamental discoveries and inventions have been made involving the many aspects of oxygen transport and utilization by biological tissues. The ISOTT proceed­ ings, now in its 14th edition, has become a standard work in the field as witnessed by the inclusion in the Science Citation Index of all volumes published so far. The 19th ISOTT Meeting was held in Cura~ao from August 24th through August 30th, 1991. The Cura~ao Meeting attracted 145 registrants and 45 accompanying persons. The format originated by Dr. Ian Llngmuir in 1985, consisting of posters ac­ companied by an abbreviated oral summary, was again successfully handled with slight modifications. The meeting was introduced by 6 review lectures covering the whole field of oxygen transport from bioengineering, the problem of diffusion in lung, blood and tissue through pathology of oxygen uptake in the lung, oxygen supply dependency of the critically ill to artificial oxygen carriers. A special session dealt with oxygen sup­ ply under ambiant pressure changes.

''In addition to a wide variety of traditional oxygen transport topics, particular areas have been selected for emphasis at the 1997 meeting, which are: Molecular and genetic techniques to study oxygen transport in health and diseaseAngiogenesis during hypoxia, ischemia, and developmentPhysiological mechanisms of oxygen sensingPhysiological fluctuations of cerebral blood flow, metabolism and oxygenationNear infrared and phsophorescence techniques for the assessment of blood and tissue oxygenationAdvances in biotechnology of anticoagulants and blood substitutes.'' (excerpted from the Preface).

Based on the 38th annual conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT), held in Ascona, Switzerland in July 2010, this volume covers all aspects of oxygen transport from air to the cells, organs and organisms; instrumentation and methods to sense oxygen and clinical evidence.

The International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT, www. isott. info) is an interdisciplinary society comprising about 250 members worldwide. Its purpose is to further the understanding of all aspects of the processes involved in the transport of oxygen from the air to its ultimate consumption in the cells of the various organs of the body. The annual meeting brings together scientists, engineers, clinicians and mathematicians in a unique int- national forum for the exchange of information and knowledge, the updating of participants on latest developments and techniques, and the discussion of controversial issues within the field of oxygen transport to tissue. Founded in 1973, the society has been the leading platform for the presentation of many of the technological and conceptual developments within the field both at the meetings themselves and in the proceedings of the society. These have been published first by Plenum Publishing (1973), then by Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers and presently by Springer Publishing, all in the Advances In Expe- mental Medicine and Biology Series. The 36th Annual ISOTT conference was held in Sapporo, Japan during August 3–7, 2008. It was the second occasion that the ISOTT meeting was held in Japan; the first one was held in the same place in 1987 organized by Professor Masaji Mochizuki.

This book covers all aspects of oxygen delivery to tissue, including blood flow and its regulation as well as oxygen metabolism. Special attention will be paid to methods of oxygen measurement in living tissue and application of these technologies to understanding physiological and biochemical basis for pathology related to tissue oxygenation. This book is multidisciplinary and designed to bring together experts and students from a range of research fields including biochemical engineering, physiology, microcirculation, and hematology.

From the 39th annual conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT), held in Washington, DC, USA in July 2011, this volume covers aspects of oxygen transport from air to the cells, organs and organisms; instrumentation and methods to sense oxygen and clinical evidence. Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXIV includes contributions from scientists (physicists, biologists and chemists), engineers, clinicians and mathematicians.

From the 40th annual conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT), held in Bruges, Belgium in August 2012, this volume covers aspects of clinical applications, muscle oxygenation, cancer, measurement technologies, oxygen transport modelling and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), cell metabolism and brain oxygenation.  Each topic was presented by  one or two invited speakers, and a series of contributed talks.

It can honestly be said that the scope and magnitude of this meeting surpassed initial expectations with respect to the number and quality of the papers presented. Our group has grown since we last met in Dortmund in 1971. This is a good indication that a spiraling of our interests has taken place with the effects of the initial good work felt, not just in one corner of the globe, but in all four. With such a start, it was only appropriate that an international society was formed at the meeting to further coordinate our mutual undertaking. Henceforth it shall be known as the International Society of Oxygen Transport to Tissue. A final note of acknowledgement should be made to those who were in the supporting cast, not only in making the meeting in Charleston and Clemson a success, but also in the compiling of this book. Gratitude is due to Dr. Daniel H. Hunt for his efforts, the end product of which you have in your hands. Considerable service was rendered by Mr. Robert J. Adams, Mr. Buddy Bell and Mr. Nathan Kaufman during the symposium itself. Much typing, organizing and record keeping was done by our lovely secretaries, Laura B. Grove, Muff Graham and Kaye Y. Zook.

The theme of the 1983 annual ISOTT meeting emphasizes a dual scientific approach, utilizing interdisciplinary theoretical and experimental methodology, to unravel the secrets of oxygen transport to tissue. ISOTT is leading the way in the development and application of forefront techniques to allow a more basic understanding of this important physiological phenomena. The Society can be proud of its contributions in helping to advance the gross analysis techniques of the past to the synergistic study of tissue micro areas by sophisticated mathematical and experimental means. There is a tremendous need to continue the pursuit of basic knowledge at the regional tissue level and to move rapidly to the examination of fundamental biochemical reactions at the cellular level. To accomplish this, it will be necessary to take advantage of the most powerful computing machinery presently available and to apply state-of-the-art experimental methodology, such as polarographic, autoradiographic and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques in our studies. Our Society must continue to work hard to push back barriers to enhance our understanding of mechanisms that lead to pathology. Hopefully, our efforts will be significant in helping science to overcome the many dreadful diseases that mankind faces in today's world. Duane Bruley Haim Bicher Daniel Reneau v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are forever indebted to Connie Staggs and Ellie Topakoglu for their energy and sacrifice in preparing for and managing the 1983 ISOTT meeting.

These papers stem from the ISOTT Meeting held at Churchill College, Cambridge, from July 27th to 30th, 1986. Although the sun did not shine so brightly as during the Cambridge meeting in 1977, the communications and discussions were as lively and informative and some heat, as well as light, was generated in the presentation of differing views. The meeting was conducted in a generally informal way which allowed maximum time for discussion but the relatively unstructured nature of the debates made them unsuitable for publication. The amount of editing necessary meant that the printed version of the exchanges would bear little resemblance to the original, hence their omission. All the papers presented here have been scrutinized and retyped in a standard format. However, the diverse interests of ISOTT's members, reflected in the wide spectrum of the material submitted, made total editorial uniformity an unrealistic goal. Complete consistency in the use of symbols, abbreviations and units seemed less important than speed of publication.

At the beginning of a Southern Hemisphere Autumn, the ISOTT tribe assembled for its annual corroboree on the banks of the Brisbane River in Australia for five days of exciting science. a perfect venue to meet old friends and to welcome new ones as a cool breeze wafted over our fires.

Proceedings of the 32nd scientific meeting of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) in Bari, Italy, August 21-26, 2004.

From the 40th annual conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT), held in Bruges, Belgium in August 2012, this volume covers aspects of clinical applications, muscle oxygenation, cancer, measurement technologies, oxygen transport modelling and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), cell metabolism and brain oxygenation.  Each topic was presented by  one or two invited speakers, and a series of contributed talks.

Based on the 38th annual conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT), held in Ascona, Switzerland in July 2010, this volume covers all aspects of oxygen transport from air to the cells, organs and organisms; instrumentation and methods to sense oxygen and clinical evidence.

From the 39th annual conference of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT), held in Washington, DC, USA in July 2011, this volume covers aspects of oxygen transport from air to the cells, organs and organisms; instrumentation and methods to sense oxygen and clinical evidence. Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXIV includes contributions from scientists (physicists, biologists and chemists), engineers, clinicians and mathematicians.

This book contains the refereed contributions from the 41st annual meeting of ISOTT. The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together scientists from various fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc.) in a unique international forum. Traditionally, ISOTT conferences are a place, where an atmosphere of interaction is created, where many questions are asked after each presentation and lively discussions occur at a high scientific level. This vivid interaction is the main motivation for members to participate and gain new ideas and knowledge in the broad field of oxygen transport to tissue. The papers in this volume summarize some of the outstanding contributions from the 41st annual meeting. Special features in this volume include invited presentations from senior members of ISOTT for the theme “the wisdom of ISOTT” in which founders, past presidents and prize winners from previous meetings provided both cutting edge new knowledge and integratedoverviews of critical aspects of the field. The presentations and manuscripts also include those provided by the special opportunity provided by having part of the ISOTT meeting overlap with the EPR-2013 meeting where both focused on preclinical and clinical measurements of oxygen, with a particular emphasis on cancer.Chapters 22, 24, 25 and 26 are open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.

This book contains the refereed contributions from the 41st annual meeting of ISOTT. The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together scientists from various fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc.) in a unique international forum. Traditionally, ISOTT conferences are a place, where an atmosphere of interaction is created, where many questions are asked after each presentation and lively discussions occur at a high scientific level. This vivid interaction is the main motivation for members to participate and gain new ideas and knowledge in the broad field of oxygen transport to tissue. The papers in this volume summarize some of the outstanding contributions from the 41st annual meeting. Special features in this volume include invited presentations from senior members of ISOTT for the theme “the wisdom of ISOTT” in which founders, past presidents and prize winners from previous meetings provided both cutting edge new knowledge and integratedoverviews of critical aspects of the field. The presentations and manuscripts also include those provided by the special opportunity provided by having part of the ISOTT meeting overlap with the EPR-2013 meeting where both focused on preclinical and clinical measurements of oxygen, with a particular emphasis on cancer.Chapters 22, 24, 25 and 26 are open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.

This book contains the refereed contributions from the 43rd annual meeting of ISOTT. The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together scientists from various fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc.) in a unique international forum.