Eduardo D. Sontag – författare

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biologi­ cal sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in research and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as numerical and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and rein­ force the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mathematics Sci­ ences (AMS) series, which will focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. v Preface to the Second Edition The most significant differences between this edition and the first are as follows: • Additional chapters and sections have been written, dealing with: nonlinear controllability via Lie-algebraic methods, variational and numerical approaches to nonlinear control, including a brief introduction to the Calculus of Variations and the Minimum Principle, - time-optimal control of linear systems, feedback linearization (single-input case), nonlinear optimal feedback, controllability of recurrent nets, and controllability of linear systems with bounded controls.

System and Control theory is one of the most exciting areas of contemporary engineering mathematics. From the analysis of Watt''s steam engine governor - which enabled the Industrial Revolution - to the design of controllers for consumer items, chemical plants and modern aircraft, the area has always drawn from a broad range of tools. It has provided many challenges and possibilities for interaction between engineering and established areas of ''pure'' and ''applied'' mathematics. This impressive volume collects a discussion of more than fifty open problems which touch upon a variety of subfields, including: chaotic observers, nonlinear local controlability, discrete event and hybrid systems, neural network learning, matrix inequalities, Lyapunov exponents, and many other issues. Proposed and explained by leading researchers, they are offered with the intention of generating further work, as well as inspiration for many other similar problems which may naturally arise from them. With extensive references, this book will be a useful reference source - as well as an excellent addendum to the textbooks in the area.

System and Control theory is one of the most exciting areas of contemporary engineering mathematics. From the analysis of Watt's steam engine governor - which enabled the Industrial Revolution - to the design of controllers for consumer items, chemical plants and modern aircraft, the area has always drawn from a broad range of tools. It has provided many challenges and possibilities for interaction between engineering and established areas of 'pure' and 'applied' mathematics. This impressive volume collects a discussion of more than fifty open problems which touch upon a variety of subfields, including: chaotic observers, nonlinear local controlability, discrete event and hybrid systems, neural network learning, matrix inequalities, Lyapunov exponents, and many other issues. Proposed and explained by leading researchers, they are offered with the intention of generating further work, as well as inspiration for many other similar problems which may naturally arise from them. With extensive references, this book will be a useful reference source - as well as an excellent addendum to the textbooks in the area.

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biologi­ cal sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in research and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as numerical and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and rein­ force the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mathematics Sci­ ences (AMS) series, which will focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. v Preface to the Second Edition The most significant differences between this edition and the first are as follows: • Additional chapters and sections have been written, dealing with: nonlinear controllability via Lie-algebraic methods, variational and numerical approaches to nonlinear control, including a brief introduction to the Calculus of Variations and the Minimum Principle, - time-optimal control of linear systems, feedback linearization (single-input case), nonlinear optimal feedback, controllability of recurrent nets, and controllability of linear systems with bounded controls.

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biologi­ cal sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in research and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as numerical and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and rein­ force the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mathematics Sci­ ences (AMS) series, which will focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. v Preface to the Second Edition The most significant differences between this edition and the first are as follows: • Additional chapters and sections have been written, dealing with: nonlinear controllability via Lie-algebraic methods, variational and numerical approaches to nonlinear control, including a brief introduction to the Calculus of Variations and the Minimum Principle, - time-optimal control of linear systems, feedback linearization (single-input case), nonlinear optimal feedback, controllability of recurrent nets, and controllability of linear systems with bounded controls.

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biologi­ cal sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modem as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in research and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as numerical and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and rein­ force the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mathematics Sci­ ences (AMS) series, which will focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. v Preface This textbook introduces the basic concepts and results of mathematical control and system theory. Based on courses that I have taught during the last 15 years, it presents its subject in a self-contained and elementary fashion. It is geared primarily to an audience consisting of mathematically mature advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. In addi­ tion, it can be used by engineering students interested in a rigorous, proof­ oriented systems course that goes beyond the classical frequency-domain material and more applied courses.

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biologi­ cal sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modem as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in research and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as numerical and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and rein­ force the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mathematics Sci­ ences (AMS) series, which will focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. v Preface This textbook introduces the basic concepts and results of mathematical control and system theory. Based on courses that I have taught during the last 15 years, it presents its subject in a self-contained and elementary fashion. It is geared primarily to an audience consisting of mathematically mature advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. In addi­ tion, it can be used by engineering students interested in a rigorous, proof­ oriented systems course that goes beyond the classical frequency-domain material and more applied courses.

This reference book documents the scientific outcome of the DIMACS/SYCON Workshop on Verification and Control of Hybrid Systems, held at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ, in October 1995.A hybrid system consists of digital devices that interact with analog environments. Computer science contributes expertise on the analog aspects of this emerging field of interdisciplinary research and design. The 48 revised full papers included were strictly refereed; they present the state of the art in this dynamic field with contributions by leading experts. Also available are the predecessor volumes published in the same series as LNCS 999 and LNCS 736.

Mathematical Control Theory is a branch of Mathematics having as one of its main aims the establishment of a sound mathematical foundation for the c- trol techniques employed in several di?erent ?elds of applications, including engineering,economy,biologyandsoforth. Thesystemsarisingfromthese- plied Sciences are modeled using di?erent types of mathematical formalism, primarily involving Ordinary Di?erential Equations, or Partial Di?erential Equations or Functional Di?erential Equations. These equations depend on oneormoreparameters thatcanbevaried,andthusconstitute thecontrol - pect of the problem. The parameters are to be chosen soas to obtain a desired behavior for the system. From the many di?erent problems arising in Control Theory, the C. I. M. E. school focused on some aspects of the control and op- mization ofnonlinear, notnecessarilysmooth, dynamical systems. Two points of view were presented: Geometric Control Theory and Nonlinear Control Theory. The C. I. M. E. session was arranged in ?ve six-hours courses delivered by Professors A. A. Agrachev (SISSA-ISAS, Trieste and Steklov Mathematical Institute, Moscow), A. S. Morse (Yale University, USA), E. D.Sontag (Rutgers University, NJ, USA), H. J. Sussmann (Rutgers University, NJ, USA) and V. I. Utkin (Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA). We now brie?y describe the presentations. Agrachev's contribution began with the investigation of second order - formation in smooth optimal control problems as a means of explaining the variational and dynamical nature of powerful concepts and results such as Jacobi ?elds, Morse's index formula, Levi-Civita connection, Riemannian c- vature.