Erich Rome - Böcker

This book constitutesrevised selected papers from the 10th International Conference on CriticalInformation Infrastructures Security, CRITIS 2015, held in Berlin, Germany, inOctober 2015. They are organized in topical sections named: critical informationinfrastructure protection; critical infrastructure resilience assessment;

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book summarizes work being pursued in the context of the CIPRNet (Critical Infrastructure Preparedness and Resilience Research Network) research project, co-funded by the European Union under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7).

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book summarizes work being pursued in the context of the CIPRNet (Critical Infrastructure Preparedness and Resilience Research Network) research project, co-funded by the European Union under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7).

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Attention and Performance in Computational Vision, WAPCV 2004, held in Prague, Czech Republic in May 2004.The 16 revised full papers presented together with an invited paper were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. The papers are organized in topical sections on attention in object and scene recognition, architectures for sequential attention, biologically plausible models for attention, and applications of attentive vision.

Attentionhasbeenrepresentingacorescienti?ctopicinthedesignofAI-enabled systems within the last decades. Today, in the ongoing debate, design, and c- putationalmodelingofarti?cialcognitivesystems,attentionhasgainedacentral position as a focus of research. For instance, attentional methods are considered in investigating the interfacing of sensory and cognitive information processing, for the organization of behaviors, and for the understanding of individual and social cognition in re?ection of infant development. Whilevisualcognitionplaysacentralroleinhumanperception,?ndingsfrom neuroscience and experimental psychology have provided strong evidence about theperception-actionnatureofcognition.Theembodiednatureofsensory-motor intelligence requires a continuous and focused interplay between the control of motor activities and the interpretation of feedback from perceptual modalities. Decision making about the selection of information from the incoming sensory stream – in tune with contextual processing on a current task and an agent’s global objectives – becomes a further challenging issue in attentional control. Attention must operate at interfaces between bottom-up driven world int- pretation and top-down driven information selection, thus acting at the core of arti?cial cognitive systems. These insights have already induced changes in AI-related disciplines, such as the design of behavior-based robot control and the computational modeling of animats. Today, the development of enabling technologiessuch as autonomous robotic systems,miniaturizedmobile–evenwearable–sensors,andambientintelligence systems involves the real-time analysis of enormous quantities of data. These data have to be processed in an intelligent way to provide “on time delivery”of the required relevant information. Knowledge has to be applied about what needs to be attended to, and when, and what to do in a meaningful sequence, in correspondence with visual feedback.

Today's mobile robot perception is insu?cient for acting goal-directedly in - constrained, dynamic everyday environments like a home, a factory, or a city. Subject to restrictions in bandwidth, computer power, and computation time, a robot has to react to a wealth of dynamically changing stimuli in such - vironments, requiring rapid, selective attention to decisive, action-relevant - formation of high current utility. Robust and general engineering methods for e?ectively and e?ciently coupling perception, action, and reasoning are unava- able. Interesting performance, if any, is currently only achieved by sophisticated robot programming exploiting domain features and specialties, which leaves - dinary users no chance of changing how the robot acts. The latter facts are high barriers for introducing, for example, service robots into human living or work environments. In order to overcome these barriers, additonal R&D e?orts are required. The European Commission is undert- ing a determined e?ort to fund related basic, inter-disciplinary research in a line of Strategic Objectives, including the Cognitive Systems calls in their 6th Framework Programme (FP6, [1]), and continuing in the 7th Framework P- gramme.OneofthefundedCognitiveSystemsprojectsisMACS("multi-sensory autonomous cognitive systems interacting with dynamic environments for p- ceiving and using a?ordances").