Felix Muller – författare

"As part of the Environmental and Ecological Modeling Handbooks series, the Handbook of Ecosystem Theories and Management provides a comprehensive overview of ecosystem theory and the tools - ecological engineering, ecological modeling, ecotoxicology and ecological economics -to manage these systems.

A New Ecology presents an ecosystem theory based on the following ecosystem properties: physical openness, ontic openness, directionality, connectivity, a complex dynamic for growth and development, and a complex dynamic response to disturbances. Each of these properties is developed in detail to show that these basic and characteristic properties can be applied to explain a wide spectrum of ecological obsevations and convections. It is also shown that the properties have application for environmental management and for assessment of ecosystem health.* Demonstrates an ecosystem theory that can be applied to explain ecological observations and rules* Presents an ecosystem theory based upon a systems approach* Discusses an ecosystem theory that is based on a few basic properties that are characteristic for ecosystmes

A New Ecology: Systems Perspective, Second Edition, gives an overview of the commonalities of all ecosystems from a variety of properties, including physical openness, ontic openness, directionality, connectivity, a complex dynamic for growth and development, and a complex dynamic response to disturbances. Each chapter details basic and characteristic properties that help the reader understand how they can be applied to explain a wide spectrum of current ecological research and environmental management applications.

Contains revised, updated or redeveloped chapters that include the most current research and technology Reviews universal traits of ecosystems from multiple perspectives, giving the reader a complete overview of the systems perspective of ecology Offers broad examples of ecology as a systems science, from the history of science, to philosophy and the arts Brings together the systems perspective in a framework of four columns for greater understanding, including thermodynamics, network theory, hierarchy theory and biochemistry Contains new chapter on the application of the theory to environmental management

The assessment of land use and land cover is an important activity for cont- porary land management. Human land-use practices are the most significant factors influencing environmental management at local, regional, national, and global scales. In the past, environmental policies have often reflected a reactive response to environmental perturbations with management efforts focused on short-term, local-scale problems such as pollutant abatement. Currently, environmental management philosophy is evolving toward examination of critical environmental problems over larger spatial scales and assessment of the cumulative risk resulting from multiple problem sources. Today’s environmental managers, urban planners, and decision-makers are increasingly expected to examine environmental and economic problems in a larger geographic context that crosses national boundaries and scientific disciplines. Secondly, cont- porary policy-makers have also been challenged on how they view security. The conventional definition of national security has been expanded to include environmental threats resulting from resource scarcity and overpopulation and it is recognized that environmental factors may have an impact in creating conflict and world instability. Thus the working definition of security has been broadened beyond relying on militaristic aspects alone and has evolved to include the environment. In 1969, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) partly in response to examine the link between environmental issues and security. CCMS was created for the purpose of addressing problems affecting the environment of the member nations and the quality of life of their citizens.

The assessment of land use and land cover is an important activity for cont- porary land management. Human land-use practices are the most significant factors influencing environmental management at local, regional, national, and global scales. In the past, environmental policies have often reflected a reactive response to environmental perturbations with management efforts focused on short-term, local-scale problems such as pollutant abatement. Currently, environmental management philosophy is evolving toward examination of critical environmental problems over larger spatial scales and assessment of the cumulative risk resulting from multiple problem sources. Today’s environmental managers, urban planners, and decision-makers are increasingly expected to examine environmental and economic problems in a larger geographic context that crosses national boundaries and scientific disciplines. Secondly, cont- porary policy-makers have also been challenged on how they view security. The conventional definition of national security has been expanded to include environmental threats resulting from resource scarcity and overpopulation and it is recognized that environmental factors may have an impact in creating conflict and world instability. Thus the working definition of security has been broadened beyond relying on militaristic aspects alone and has evolved to include the environment. In 1969, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) partly in response to examine the link between environmental issues and security. CCMS was created for the purpose of addressing problems affecting the environment of the member nations and the quality of life of their citizens.

"As part of the Environmental and Ecological Modeling Handbooks series, the Handbook of Ecosystem Theories and Management provides a comprehensive overview of ecosystem theory and the tools - ecological engineering, ecological modeling, ecotoxicology and ecological economics -to manage these systems.

This handbook comprehensively covers the fundamental key concepts in coaching research and evidence-based practice and shows how coaching can be applied to multiple contexts. It provides coaching scholars, researchers and practitioners with detailed review of the key concepts, research and new insights into coaching research and practice.

This handbook comprehensively covers the fundamental key concepts in coaching research and evidence-based practice and shows how coaching can be applied to multiple contexts. It provides coaching scholars, researchers and practitioners with detailed review of the key concepts, research and new insights into coaching research and practice.

This book gives an overall analysis of the current knowledge status about structures, functions, utilization for German Baltic coast ecosystems. The main focus of this book is on the aquatic area, but land/sea interactions as well as river outfalls are included as well. Characteristic for this book is the inclusion of social science aspects. Approximately one third of its extent will be about the ecosystem services. In this segment the results of the last 6 years are presented in which a comprehensive quantification of the social relevance of ecosystems was carried out covering the entire area of the German Baltic Sea. This part builds directly on the results of scientific investigations and are in relation to social ideals. The assessment will not only be economically and ethically but also the mechanisms that are used for the valorisation of the ecosystem services will be evaluated. Both sub-areas, the classic natural science part as well as the part of social science aspects, deal with the changes caused by increasing anthropogenic influence and social (including demographic) changes. This will be among others in the sense of an exemplary historical outline. The final chapter of the synthesis therefore not only presents a summary of the level of knowledge gained and a deduction of the research needs. It further contains a presentation of the application aspects resulting from the analysis of the social relevance gained from basic scientific research.The book is aimed at scientists (and students) of natural, life and social sciences, analysing functioning and structures of coastal ecosystems with regard to sustainable use and nature protection, including aspects of coastal protection. Besides, it is thought to become a reference for all levels of decision makers and stakeholders in coastal and marine management of the Baltic and North Sea region, providing also a blueprint for system analysis respecting for societal as well as biological aspects world-wide.

This book gives an overall analysis of the current knowledge status about structures, functions, utilization for German Baltic coast ecosystems. The main focus of this book is on the aquatic area, but land/sea interactions as well as river outfalls are included as well. Characteristic for this book is the inclusion of social science aspects. Approximately one third of its extent will be about the ecosystem services. In this segment the results of the last 6 years are presented in which a comprehensive quantification of the social relevance of ecosystems was carried out covering the entire area of the German Baltic Sea. This part builds directly on the results of scientific investigations and are in relation to social ideals. The assessment will not only be economically and ethically but also the mechanisms that are used for the valorisation of the ecosystem services will be evaluated. Both sub-areas, the classic natural science part as well as the part of social science aspects, deal with the changes caused by increasing anthropogenic influence and social (including demographic) changes. This will be among others in the sense of an exemplary historical outline. The final chapter of the synthesis therefore not only presents a summary of the level of knowledge gained and a deduction of the research needs. It further contains a presentation of the application aspects resulting from the analysis of the social relevance gained from basic scientific research.The book is aimed at scientists (and students) of natural, life and social sciences, analysing functioning and structures of coastal ecosystems with regard to sustainable use and nature protection, including aspects of coastal protection. Besides, it is thought to become a reference for all levels of decision makers and stakeholders in coastal and marine management of the Baltic and North Sea region, providing also a blueprint for system analysis respecting for societal as well as biological aspects world-wide.

Ahnenkult und seine gesteigerte Form Heroenkult sind in den antiken Kulturen der Mittelmeerwelt eine bekannte Erscheinung und gut untersucht. Schriftliche Überlieferung und archäologische Ausgrabungsbefunde sind die reichlich fließenden Quellen. Nördlich der Alpen sind Ahnen- und Heroenkult jedoch kaum bekannt bzw. kein Forschungsthema, obwohl von zahlreichen Gräbern und einem differenzierten Bestattungswesen ausgegangen werden könnte. Es muss sich demzufolge um eine Forschungslücke handeln. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden wichtige Merkmale des mediterranen Ahnen- und Heroenkultes herausgearbeitet und den archäologischen Befunden nördlich der Alpen gegenüber gestellt. Dabei wird eine retrograde Vorgehensweise beschritten – im chronologischen wie im erkenntnistheoretischen Sinne: Der Weg führt vom Bekannten zum Unbekannten. Analogieschlüsse werden zwischen lokal- und zeitnahen Kulturen gezogen. Unter diesem Gesichtspunkt betrachtet stellt sich auch erneut die Frage, ob das Bestattungswesen religiös oder soziologisch begründet ist und inwiefern es lebende Gesellschaften reflektiert.

Der öffentlichkeitswirksam geführte 'Stahlstreit' zwischen der EU und den USA sowie der 'Textilstreit' zwischen der EU und China haben die Relevanz von Schutzmaßnahmen für das Welthandelsrecht allgemein bewusst werden lassen. Die Besonderheit von Schutzmaßnahmen unter der Rechtsordnung der WTO besteht darin, dass Art. XIX GATT und das Agreement on Safeguards Abweichungen von unter dem GATT eingegangenen Verpflichtungen gestatten, die sich gegen regelkonforme Wareneinfuhren richten. Obwohl Schutzmaßnahmen einen aktuellen Gegenstand des Wirtschaftsvölkerrechts bilden, sind deren rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen erst in Ansätzen untersucht. Nach einer Einordnung des Themenkomplexes in das Gesamtwerk der WTO-Rechtsordnung zeigt Felix Müller die ökonomischen und politischen Hintergründe des allgemeinen Schutzmaßnahmenmechanismus aus Art. XIX GATT und dem Agreement on Safeguards auf. Den Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung bildet die Präzisierung der sich aus Art. XIX:1(a) GATT und Art. 2.1 SGA ergebenden materiell-rechtlichen Voraussetzungen für die Anwendung einer Schutzmaßnahme. Auf der Grundlage der bisher ergangenen Panel- und Appellate Body-Rechtsprechung untersucht der Autor die Anwendungsvoraussetzungen und entwickelt für sie ein konsistentes Gesamtkonzept. Er legt dar, dass eine rechtliche Durchdringung unter Beachtung der ökonomischen und politischen Determinanten geboten ist, um einer Erosion der Welthandelsordnung vorzubeugen. In diesem Zusammenhang unterbreitet er Vorschläge, wie das Agreement on Safeguards modifiziert werden könnte.

The findings presented in this volume represent a concerted effort to develop a more inclusive form of reindeer management for northernmost Europe. Our guiding principle has been to foster a new paradigm of participatory research. We wish to move beyond the historical reliance on western approaches to basic and applied science. These have been concerned prim- ily with interactions between herded animals and the various components of their biophysical environment, e. g. , plants, insects, predators, climate, and others. In our view,sociocultural and economic drivers,along with herders’ experience-based knowledge,gain equal currency in the effort to understand how management may mitigate against the negative aspects of the challenges modern herding faces, while also exploring concepts of sustainability from different perspectives (see also Jernsletten and Klokov 2002; Kankaanpää et al. 2002; Ulvevadet and Klokov 2004). This broadening of the pool of disciplines and local,national,and int- national stakeholders in policy-relevant research invariably complicates v- tually all aspects of the research process. Multidisciplinary or, in our sense, transdisciplinary approaches also require extraordinary effort from all p- ticipants if they are to succeed. As such, those approaches should not be undertaken lightly, nor without personnel who possess appropriate expe- ence in cooperating with those of different disciplines and, preferably, also with relevant practitioners and public social and administrative institutions. In such settings the potential for misunderstandings is quite high.

Im Zusammenhang mit der EU-Gesetzgebung werden auf allen Planungsebenen Konzepte zur Definition von Umweltzielen und Umweltindikatoren, basierend auf der Agenda 21, gefordert. In Deutschland bestehen durch das föderale System Hürden, die es in anderen europäischen Ländern so nicht gibt. Die Unterteilung der Gesetzgebung in Bundes-, Landes-, Regional- und Kommunalebene erschwert den Prozess der Zielfindung auf der einen und der Umsetzung auf der anderen Seite. Der vorliegende Band stellt zum ersten Mal in geschlossener Form die wissenschaftlichen Anforderungen an die Festlegung von Umweltzielen und Umweltindikatoren vor. Die hier vorgestellten Anforderungen werden anschließend durch Fallbeispiele anschaulich ergänzt.

This book introduces a new concept in ecosystem theory and discusses it in an interdisciplinary framework, originating in succession theory, network theory and thermodynamics. The central hypothesis claims that there are certain system attributes which are regularly optimized in the course of ecosystem development. Many of these orientators can also be interpretated as general attributes for self-organizing processes. As a result of the discussions, a new quality of a holistic environmental management is designed, capable of integrating the ideas of sustainability, ecological integrity, and ecosystem health.