Gerhard Rosenberger – författare

The purpose of this book is to examine three pairs of proofs of the theorem from three different areas of mathematics: abstract algebra, complex analysis and topology. It is ideal for a "capstone" course in mathematics for junior/senior level undergraduate mathematics students or first year graduate students. It could also be used as an alternative approach to an undergraduate abstract algebra course.

Number theory is fascinating. Results about numbers often appear magical, both in theirstatementsandintheeleganceoftheirproofs. Nowhereisthismoreevidentthan inresultsaboutthesetofprimenumbers. Theprimenumbertheorem,whichgivesthe asymptotic density of the prime numbers, is often cited as the most surprising result in all of mathematics. It certainly is the result that is hardest to justify intuitively. The prime numbers form the cornerstone of the theory of numbers. Many, if not most, results in number theory proceed by considering the case of primes and then pasting the result together for all integers using the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. The purpose of this book is to give an introduction and overview of number theory based on the central theme of the sequence of primes. The richness of this somewhat unique approach becomes clear once one realizes how much number theoryandmathematicsingeneralareneededinordertolearnandtrulyunderstandthe prime numbers. Our approach provides a solid background in the standard material as well as presenting an overview of the whole discipline. All the essential topics are covered: fundamental theorem of arithmetic, theory of congruences, quadratic reciprocity, arithmetic functions, the distribution of primes. In addition, there are ?rm introductions to analytic number theory, primality testing and cryptography, and algebraic number theory as well as many interesting side topics. Full treatments and proofs are given to both Dirichlet’s theorem and the prime number theorem. There is acompleteexplanationofthenewAKSalgorithm,whichshowsthatprimalitytesting is of polynomial time. In algebraic number theory there is a complete presentation of primes and prime factorizations in algebraic number ?elds.

Introduction to Abstract Algebra presents a breakthrough approach to teaching one of math's most intimidating concepts. Avoiding the pitfalls common in the standard textbooks, Benjamin Fine, Anthony M. Gaglione, and Gerhard Rosenberger set a pace that allows beginner-level students to follow the progression from familiar topics such as rings, numbers, and groups to more difficult concepts. Classroom tested and revised until students achieved consistent, positive results, this textbook is designed to keep students focused as they learn complex topics. Fine, Gaglione, and Rosenberger's clear explanations prevent students from getting lost as they move deeper and deeper into areas such as abelian groups, fields, and Galois theory. This textbook will help bring about the day when abstract algebra no longer creates intense anxiety but instead challenges students to fully grasp the meaning and power of the approach.Topics covered include: rings; integral domains; the fundamental theorem of arithmetic; fields; groups; Lagrange's theorem; isomorphism theorems for groups; fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups; the simplicity of A n for n=5; Sylow theorems; the Jordan-Holder theorem; Ring isomorphism theorems; Euclidean domains; principal ideal domains; the fundamental theorem of algebra; Vector spaces; Algebras; field extensions: algebraic and transcendental; the fundamental theorem of Galois theory; and the insolvability of the quintic.

The purpose of this book is to examine three pairs of proofs of the theorem from three different areas of mathematics: abstract algebra, complex analysis and topology. It is ideal for a "e;capstone"e; course in mathematics for junior/senior level undergraduate mathematics students or first year graduate students. It could also be used as an alternative approach to an undergraduate abstract algebra course.

The purpose of this book is to examine three pairs of proofs of the theorem from three different areas of mathematics: abstract algebra, complex analysis and topology. It is ideal for a "capstone" course in mathematics for junior/senior level undergraduate mathematics students or first year graduate students. It could also be used as an alternative approach to an undergraduate abstract algebra course.

?A new approach to conveying abstract algebra, the area that studies algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, fields, modules, vector spaces, and algebras, that is essential to various scientific disciplines such as particle physics and cryptology. It provides a well written account of the theoretical foundations; also contains topics that cannot be found elsewhere, and also offers a chapter on cryptography. End of chapter problems help readers with accessing the subjects. This work is co-published with the Heldermann Verlag, and within Heldermann's Sigma Series in Mathematics.

Die Grundidee des vorliegenden Lehrbuchs ist, wesentliche Elemente der diskreten Mathematik zu vermitteln, um die modernen Entwicklungen im Informationszeitalter kompetent mathematisch beurteilen zu können. Hierzu gehören das Verständnis von Graphen, das Rechnen mit großen Zahlen und das Rechnen modulo n. Die Autoren beginnen mit einer Darstellung der elementaren Zahlentheorie. Insbesondere wird die Verschlüsselung mit dem RSA-Verfahren erläutert. Danach werden Abschätzungen behandelt, die unerlässlich sind, wenn man Objekte zählen oder Laufzeiten wichtiger Algorithmen verstehen möchte. Diverse in der Praxis vollkommen zuverlässige Algorithmen nehmen den Zufall zu Hilfe, um überhaupt zu einem Ergebnis zu kommen. Daher darf ein Kapitel zur diskreten Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht fehlen. Danach begibt sich der Leser ins Zentrum der diskreten Mathematik. Es werden Kombinatorik, erzeugende Funktionen und Graphentheorie behandelt. Zum Abschluss widmen sich die Autoren Ordnungsstrukturen und Verbänden sowie booleschen Funktionen und Schaltkreisen.

Das Buch ergänzt und vertieft Grundlagen und zeigt mögliche Anwendungen auf. Es werden aber auch Themen behandelt, die über den Standardstoff hinaus gehen. Einen hohen Stellenwert nehmen Aufgaben und Lösungen ein. Für alle wichtigen Aussagen geben die Autoren vollständige Beweise an. Am Ende eines jeden Kapitels sind kurze Kapitelzusammenfassungen als Lern- und Merkhilfe hinzugefügt.

Das benötigte Vorwissen ist gering. Die behandelten Grundlagen sind keine bloßen Aneinanderreihungen von Definitionen und elementaren Zusammenhängen. Das Buch vermittelt ein tieferes Verständnis für die behandelten mathematischen Zusammenhänge und stellt Wissen, Techniken und Denkweisen vor, welche den Leser in die Lage versetzen, selbstständig mathematische Probleme zu lösen.

Bei diskreten algebraischen Methoden handelt es sich um ein zukunftsweisendes Gebiet, dessen Grundlagen weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen werden. Die Grundidee des vorliegenden Lehrbuchs ist, wesentliche Elemente der diskreten Mathematik zu vermitteln, um die modernen Entwicklungen im Informationszeitalter kompetent mathematisch beurteilen zu können. Es beginnt mit einem allgemeinen Kapitel über algebraische Strukturen, welches die Grundlage für das gesamte Buch bereitstellt. Das folgende Kapitel vermittelt Grundkenntnisse in Kryptographie. Kapitel 3 über zahlentheoretische Algorithmen ist wichtig für das Erzeugen von Kryptosystemen, für die beispielsweise große "zufällige" Primzahlen benötigt werden. In Kapitel 4 über Primzahlerkennung in Polynomialzeit stellen die Autoren den deterministischen Polynomialzeittest von Agrawal, Kayal und Saxena vor. Im folgenden Kapitel über elliptische Kurven stehen wieder die zahlentheoretischen und kryptographischen Anwendungen im Vordergrund. Mit den beiden Kapiteln "Kombinatorik auf Wörtern" und "Automatentheorie" begibt sich der Leser in das Teilgebiet der theoretischen Informatik, in dem die Halbgruppentheorie eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Das letzte Kapitel widmet sich diskreten unendlichen Gruppen.

Das Buch ergänzt und vertieft Grundlagen und zeigt mögliche Anwendungen auf. Es werden aber auch Themen behandelt, die über den Standardstoff hinaus gehen. Einen hohen Stellenwert nehmen Aufgaben und Lösungen ein. Für alle wichtigen Aussagen geben die Autoren vollständige Beweise an. Am Ende eines jeden Kapitels sind kurze Kapitelzusammenfassungen als Lern- und Merkhilfe hinzugefügt.

Das Buch wendet sich an Masterstudierende der Mathematik und Informatik mit fortgeschrittenen Kenntnissen in Mathematik. Die behandelten Grundlagen sind keine bloßen Aneinanderreihungen von Definitionen und elementaren Zusammenhängen. Das Buch vermittelt ein tieferes Verständnis für die behandelten mathematischen Zusammenhänge und stellt Wissen, Techniken und Denkweisen vor, welche den Leser in die Lage versetzen, selbstständig mathematische Probleme zu lösen.

After being an open question for sixty years the Tarski conjecture was answered in the affirmative by Olga Kharlampovich and Alexei Myasnikov and independently by Zlil Sela. Both proofs involve long and complicated applications of algebraic geometry over free groups as well as an extension of methods to solve equations in free groups originally developed by Razborov. This book is an examination of the material on the general elementary theory of groups that is necessary to begin to understand the proofs. This material includes a complete exposition of the theory of fully residually free groups or limit groups as well a complete description of the algebraic geometry of free groups. Also included are introductory material on combinatorial and geometric group theory and first-order logic. There is then a short outline of the proof of the Tarski conjectures in the manner of Kharlampovich and Myasnikov.

After being an open question for sixty years the Tarski conjecture was answered in the affirmative by Olga Kharlampovich and Alexei Myasnikov and independently by Zlil Sela. Both proofs involve long and complicated applications of algebraic geometry over free groups as well as an extension of methods to solve equations in free groups originally developed by Razborov. This book is an examination of the material on the general elementary theory of groups that is necessary to begin to understand the proofs. This material includes a complete exposition of the theory of fully residually free groups or limit groups as well a complete description of the algebraic geometry of free groups. Also included are introductory material on combinatorial and geometric group theory and first-order logic. There is then a short outline of the proof of the Tarski conjectures in the manner of Kharlampovich and Myasnikov.

Cryptography has become essential as bank transactions, credit card infor-mation, contracts, and sensitive medical information are sent through inse-cure channels. This book is concerned with the mathematical, especially algebraic, aspects of cryptography. It grew out of many courses presented by the authors over the past twenty years at various universities and covers a wide range of topics in mathematical cryptography. It is primarily geared towards graduate students and advanced undergraduates in mathematics and computer science, but may also be of interest to researchers in the area.Besides the classical methods of symmetric and private key encryption, the book treats the mathematics of cryptographic protocols and several unique topics such as Group-Based Cryptography Gröbner Basis Methods in Cryptography Lattice-Based Cryptography

Cryptography has become essential as bank transactions, credit card infor-mation, contracts, and sensitive medical information are sent through inse-cure channels. This book is concerned with the mathematical, especially algebraic, aspects of cryptography. It grew out of many courses presented by the authors over the past twenty years at various universities and covers a wide range of topics in mathematical cryptography. It is primarily geared towards graduate students and advanced undergraduates in mathematics and computer science, but may also be of interest to researchers in the area.

Besides the classical methods of symmetric and private key encryption, the book treats the mathematics of cryptographic protocols and several unique topics such as

Group-Based Cryptography Gröbner Basis Methods in Cryptography Lattice-Based Cryptography

After being an open question for sixty years the Tarski conjecture was answered in the affirmative by Olga Kharlampovich and Alexei Myasnikov and independently by Zlil Sela. Both proofs involve long and complicated applications of algebraic geometry over free groups as well as an extension of methods to solve equations in free groups originally developed by Razborov. This book is an examination of the material on the general elementary theory of groups that is necessary to begin to understand the proofs. This material includes a complete exposition of the theory of fully residually free groups or limit groups as well a complete description of the algebraic geometry of free groups. Also included are introductory material on combinatorial and geometric group theory and first-order logic. There is then a short outline of the proof of the Tarski conjectures in the manner of Kharlampovich and Myasnikov.

Cryptography has become essential as bank transactions, credit card infor-mation, contracts, and sensitive medical information are sent through inse-cure channels. This book is concerned with the mathematical, especially algebraic, aspects of cryptography. It grew out of many courses presented by the authors over the past twenty years at various universities and covers a wide range of topics in mathematical cryptography. It is primarily geared towards graduate students and advanced undergraduates in mathematics and computer science, but may also be of interest to researchers in the area.

Besides the classical methods of symmetric and private key encryption, the book treats the mathematics of cryptographic protocols and several unique topics such as

Group-Based Cryptography Gröbner Basis Methods in Cryptography Lattice-Based Cryptography

The idea behind this book is to provide the mathematical foundations for assessing modern developments in the Information Age. It deepens and complements the basic concepts, but it also considers instructive and more advanced topics. The treatise starts with a general chapter on algebraic structures; this part provides all the necessary knowledge for the rest of the book. The next chapter gives a concise overview of cryptography. Chapter 3 on number theoretic algorithms is important for developping cryptosystems, Chapter 4 presents the deterministic primality test of Agrawal, Kayal, and Saxena. The account to elliptic curves again focuses on cryptographic applications and algorithms. With combinatorics on words and automata theory, the reader is introduced to two areas of theoretical computer science where semigroups play a fundamental role.The last chapter is devoted to combinatorial group theory and its connections to automata. Contents:Algebraic structuresCryptographyNumber theoretic algorithmsPolynomial time primality testElliptic curvesCombinatorics on wordsAutomataDiscrete infinite groups

The idea behind this book is to provide the mathematical foundations for assessing modern developments in the Information Age. It deepens and complements the basic concepts, but it also considers instructive and more advanced topics. The treatise starts with a general chapter on algebraic structures; this part provides all the necessary knowledge for the rest of the book. The next chapter gives a concise overview of cryptography. Chapter 3 on number theoretic algorithms is important for developping cryptosystems, Chapter 4 presents the deterministic primality test of Agrawal, Kayal, and Saxena. The account to elliptic curves again focuses on cryptographic applications and algorithms. With combinatorics on words and automata theory, the reader is introduced to two areas of theoretical computer science where semigroups play a fundamental role.The last chapter is devoted to combinatorial group theory and its connections to automata.

Contents:Algebraic structuresCryptographyNumber theoretic algorithmsPolynomial time primality testElliptic curvesCombinatorics on wordsAutomataDiscrete infinite groups

The idea behind this book is to provide the mathematical foundations for assessing modern developments in the Information Age. It deepens and complements the basic concepts, but it also considers instructive and more advanced topics. The treatise starts with a general chapter on algebraic structures; this part provides all the necessary knowledge for the rest of the book. The next chapter gives a concise overview of cryptography. Chapter 3 on number theoretic algorithms is important for developping cryptosystems, Chapter 4 presents the deterministic primality test of Agrawal, Kayal, and Saxena. The account to elliptic curves again focuses on cryptographic applications and algorithms. With combinatorics on words and automata theory, the reader is introduced to two areas of theoretical computer science where semigroups play a fundamental role.The last chapter is devoted to combinatorial group theory and its connections to automata.

Contents:Algebraic structuresCryptographyNumber theoretic algorithmsPolynomial time primality testElliptic curvesCombinatorics on wordsAutomataDiscrete infinite groups

This two-volume set collects and presents some fundamentals of mathematics in an entertaining and performing manner. The present volume examines many of the most important basic results in algebra and number theory, along with their proofs, and also their history.

ContentsThe natural, integral and rational numbersDivision and factorization in the integersModular arithmeticExceptional numbersPythagorean triples and sums of squaresPolynomials and unique factorizationField extensions and splitting fieldsPermutations and symmetric polynomialsReal numbersThe complex numbers, the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra and polynomial equationsQuadratic number fields and Pell’s equationTranscendental numbers and the numbers e and πCompass and straightedge constructions and the classical problemsEuclidean vector spaces

This two-volume set collects and presents some fundamentals of mathematics in an entertaining and performing manner. The present volume examines many of the most important basic results in algebra and number theory, along with their proofs, and also their history.

ContentsThe natural, integral and rational numbersDivision and factorization in the integersModular arithmeticExceptional numbersPythagorean triples and sums of squaresPolynomials and unique factorizationField extensions and splitting fieldsPermutations and symmetric polynomialsReal numbersThe complex numbers, the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra and polynomial equationsQuadratic number fields and Pell’s equationTranscendental numbers and the numbers e and πCompass and straightedge constructions and the classical problemsEuclidean vector spaces

This two-volume set collects and presents many fundamentals of mathematics in an enjoyable and elaborating fashion. The idea behind the two books is to provide substantials for assessing more modern developments in mathematics and to present impressions which indicate that mathematics is a fascinating subject with many ties between the diverse mathematical disciplines. The present volume examines many of the most important basic results in geometry and discrete mathematics, along with their proofs, and also their history.

ContentsGeometry and geometric ideasIsometries in Euclidean vector spaces and their classification in ℝnThe conic sections in the Euclidean planeSpecial groups of planar isometriesGraph theory and platonic solidsLinear fractional transformation and planar hyperbolic geometryCombinatorics and combinatorial problemsFinite probability theory and Bayesian analysisBoolean lattices, Boolean algebras and Stone’s theorem

This two-volume set collects and presents many fundamentals of mathematics in an enjoyable and elaborating fashion. The idea behind the two books is to provide substantials for assessing more modern developments in mathematics and to present impressions which indicate that mathematics is a fascinating subject with many ties between the diverse mathematical disciplines. The present volume examines many of the most important basic results in geometry and discrete mathematics, along with their proofs, and also their history.

ContentsGeometry and geometric ideasIsometries in Euclidean vector spaces and their classification in ℝnThe conic sections in the Euclidean planeSpecial groups of planar isometriesGraph theory and platonic solidsLinear fractional transformation and planar hyperbolic geometryCombinatorics and combinatorial problemsFinite probability theory and Bayesian analysisBoolean lattices, Boolean algebras and Stone’s theorem

A new approach to conveying abstract algebra, the area that studies algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, fields, modules, vector spaces, and algebras, that is essential to various scientific disciplines such as particle physics and cryptology. It provides a well written account of the theoretical foundations and it also includes a chapter on cryptography. End of chapter problems help readers with accessing the subjects.

This proceedings volume documents the contributions presented at the conference held at Fairfield University and at the Graduate Center, CUNY in 2018 celebrating the New York Group Theory Seminar, in memoriam Gilbert Baumslag, and to honor Benjamin Fine and Anthony Gaglione. It includes several expert contributions by leading figures in the group theory community and provides a valuable source of information on recent research developments.

This proceedings volume documents the contributions presented at the conference held at Fairfield University and at the Graduate Center, CUNY in 2018 celebrating the New York Group Theory Seminar, in memoriam Gilbert Baumslag, and to honor Benjamin Fine and Anthony Gaglione. It includes several expert contributions by leading figures in the group theory community and provides a valuable source of information on recent research developments.

This proceedings volume documents the contributions presented at the conference held at Fairfield University and at the Graduate Center, CUNY in 2018 celebrating the New York Group Theory Seminar, in memoriam Gilbert Baumslag, and to honor Benjamin Fine and Anthony Gaglione. It includes several expert contributions by leading figures in the group theory community and provides a valuable source of information on recent research developments.

This book gives an advanced overview of several topics in infinite group theory. It can also be considered as a rigorous introduction to combinatorial and geometric group theory. The philosophy of the book is to describe the interaction between these two important parts of infinite group theory. In this line of thought, several theorems are proved multiple times with different methods either purely combinatorial or purely geometric while others are shown by a combination of arguments from both perspectives. The first part of the book deals with Nielsen methods and introduces the reader to results and examples that are helpful to understand the following parts. The second part focuses on covering spaces and fundamental groups, including covering space proofs of group theoretic results. The third part deals with the theory of hyperbolic groups. The subjects are illustrated and described by prominent examples and an outlook on solved and unsolved problems.