Heike Emmerich - Böcker

Many inhomogeneous systems involve domains of well-de?ned phases se- rated by a distinct interface. If they are driven out of equilibrium one phase will grow at the cost of the other. Examples are phase separation by sp- odal decomposition or nucleation and subsequent growth of the nucleus in the nourishing phase [139]. Another example which has often been discussed as a paradigmatic problem is that of dendritic solidi?cation [29, 64, 79, 199]. The phenomenological description of these phenomena involves the de?- tion of a precisely located interfacial surface on which boundary conditions are imposed. One of those boundary conditions typically yields a normal - locity at which the interface is moving. This is the so-calledsharp interface approach, adopted both in analytical and numerical studies for a variety of contexts involving a moving boundary. The origin of such a description is - ten transparent, being obtained by symmetry arguments and common sense.

The book contains an overview of the recent progress of research in computational physics and materials science. Particular topics are modelling of traffic flow and complex multi-scale solidification phenomena. The sections introduce novel research results of experts from a considerable diversity of disciplines such as physics, mathematical and computational modelling, nonlinear dynamics, materials sciences, statistical mechanics and foundry technique. The book intends to create a comprehensive and coherent image of the current research status and illustrates new simulation results of transport and interface dynamics by high resolution graphics. Various possible perspectives are formulated for future activities. Special emphasis is laid on exchanging experiences concerning numerical tools and on the bridging of the scales as is necessary in a variety of scientific and engineering applications. An interesting possibility along this line was the coupling of different computational approaches leading to hybrid simulations.

This book aims at assisting global industry in its challenge of expansion within a world of ever increasing globalisation. The book wants to make the reader aware of the importance of transparent business processes and provides knowledge c- bining latest scientific findings and best practice in the high-tech industry. Major Companies provide comments and solutions drawing on their experience with - gard to their special requirements with regard to Supply Chain Event Management (SCEM). Some model cases and examples give practical solutions in a tangible manner. Leading scientists in companies, managers, universities and research - stitutes explain and provide information about probable future requirements - garding SCEM development. This book will assist not only the larger companies but also any smaller ent- prises, such as Interturbine Logistik GmbH, in their efforts towards international speed delivery, service technology and competitiveness. It serves the common goal of networks transparency hereby offering significant cost reduction and p- viding ground for service performance enhancement, creating a base for total or partial business re-engineering. For this achievement I like to express my admiration to the University of Aachen (RWTH) that has been able to combine science and the highly performing industry in order to gather all knowledge available at present in this compacted format (for more on this topic, see article by Raschid Ijioui on page 267 et seq.).

. . . Eat not up your property among yourselves unjustly except it be a trade amongst you, by mutual consent . . . and help you one another in righteousness and piety. . . (Al-Hadid 4:29; Al-Ma’idah 5:2) There cannot be any doubt that the current ?nancial crisis, which began in the US, has gone global. This realization has fuelled the ?re of debate over globalization. Today’s globalization is no longer the globalization that Theodore Levitt, a former professor at the Harvard Business School, described in 1983 in his world famous article ‘‘The Globalization of Markets. ’’ Although, in old days, Levitt and his successors had not seen globalization as an utopian state free of problems, no- days globalization has been reshaped completely. Therefore, in the perception of the editors it is justi?ed to use the phrase ‘‘Globalisation 2. 0’’ for the range of effects interpenetrating global economic arrangements. Globalisation 1. 0 will never be restored again. Since the subprime crisis made its way to the global arena in the year 2008, companies and managers are confronted with the breathtaking speed of global, regional, and local changes. It is more than a provocation to divide dev- opments into cause and effects. Forecasts in strategic management are no longer valid even for the moment they are published. Uncertainty occupies the driving seats in global, regional, and local oriented companies.

Many inhomogeneous systems involve domains of well-de?ned phases se- rated by a distinct interface. If they are driven out of equilibrium one phase will grow at the cost of the other. Examples are phase separation by sp- odal decomposition or nucleation and subsequent growth of the nucleus in the nourishing phase [139]. Another example which has often been discussed as a paradigmatic problem is that of dendritic solidi?cation [29, 64, 79, 199]. The phenomenological description of these phenomena involves the de?- tion of a precisely located interfacial surface on which boundary conditions are imposed. One of those boundary conditions typically yields a normal - locity at which the interface is moving. This is the so-calledsharp interface approach, adopted both in analytical and numerical studies for a variety of contexts involving a moving boundary. The origin of such a description is - ten transparent, being obtained by symmetry arguments and common sense.

The workshop on "computational physics of transport and interfacial dynam­ ics" was held in Dresden, Germany from February 25 to March 8,2002. The Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems has sponsored the workshop and the preliminary lecture-based seminar. The workshop has closely pursued the recent progress of research in com­ putational physics and materials science, particularly in modelling both traf­ fic fiow phenomena and complex multi-scale solidification. These branches of science have become topics of considerable diversity linking disciplines as different as physics, mathematical and computational modelling, nonlinear dynamics, materials sciences, statistical mechanics and foundry technique. The international workshop brought together experts from different fields in order to enhance the exchange of knowledge, to assess common interests and to provide closer cooperation between different communities of researchers. The workshop intended to create a comprehensive and coherent image of the current research status and to formulate various possible perspectives for joint future activities. Special emphases laid on exchanging experiences concerning numerical tools and on the bridging of the scales as necessary in a variety of scientific and engineering applications. An interesting possibility along this line was the coupling of different computational approaches leading to hybrid simulations. In this sense, we explicitly addressed researchers working with different numerical schemes as diverse as cellular automata, coupled maps, fi­ nite difference and finite element algorithms for partial differential equations (e. g. phase-field computations).

This book aims at assisting global industry in its challenge of expansion within a world of ever increasing globalisation. The book wants to make the reader aware of the importance of transparent business processes and provides knowledge c- bining latest scientific findings and best practice in the high-tech industry. Major Companies provide comments and solutions drawing on their experience with - gard to their special requirements with regard to Supply Chain Event Management (SCEM). Some model cases and examples give practical solutions in a tangible manner. Leading scientists in companies, managers, universities and research - stitutes explain and provide information about probable future requirements - garding SCEM development. This book will assist not only the larger companies but also any smaller ent- prises, such as Interturbine Logistik GmbH, in their efforts towards international speed delivery, service technology and competitiveness. It serves the common goal of networks transparency hereby offering significant cost reduction and p- viding ground for service performance enhancement, creating a base for total or partial business re-engineering. For this achievement I like to express my admiration to the University of Aachen (RWTH) that has been able to combine science and the highly performing industry in order to gather all knowledge available at present in this compacted format (for more on this topic, see article by Raschid Ijioui on page 267 et seq.).

. . . Eat not up your property among yourselves unjustly except it be a trade amongst you, by mutual consent . . . and help you one another in righteousness and piety. . . (Al-Hadid 4:29; Al-Ma’idah 5:2) There cannot be any doubt that the current ?nancial crisis, which began in the US, has gone global. This realization has fuelled the ?re of debate over globalization. Today’s globalization is no longer the globalization that Theodore Levitt, a former professor at the Harvard Business School, described in 1983 in his world famous article ‘‘The Globalization of Markets. ’’ Although, in old days, Levitt and his successors had not seen globalization as an utopian state free of problems, no- days globalization has been reshaped completely. Therefore, in the perception of the editors it is justi?ed to use the phrase ‘‘Globalisation 2. 0’’ for the range of effects interpenetrating global economic arrangements. Globalisation 1. 0 will never be restored again. Since the subprime crisis made its way to the global arena in the year 2008, companies and managers are confronted with the breathtaking speed of global, regional, and local changes. It is more than a provocation to divide dev- opments into cause and effects. Forecasts in strategic management are no longer valid even for the moment they are published. Uncertainty occupies the driving seats in global, regional, and local oriented companies.