While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest state in the region-and on its prospects for change based on financial assistance from other Arab countries.The authors have many disagreements about the future of both rich and poor nations in the Middle East and considerable skepticism about the possibility of transforming Egypt, but they do agree that the future must be projected in the framework of a new regional order in which oil wealth, labor migration, and liberalized national economies are fundamental realities.

While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest

While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest state in the region-and on its prospects for change based on financial assistance from other Arab countries.The authors have many disagreements about the future of both rich and poor nations in the Middle East and considerable skepticism about the possibility of transforming Egypt, but they do agree that the future must be projected in the framework of a new regional order in which oil wealth, labor migration, and liberalized national economies are fundamental realities.

While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest state in the region-and on its prospects for change based on financial assistance from other Arab countries.The authors have many disagreements about the future of both rich and poor nations in the Middle East and considerable skepticism about the possibility of transforming Egypt, but they do agree that the future must be projected in the framework of a new regional order in which oil wealth, labor migration, and liberalized national economies are fundamental realities.

The past, present, and future of macro-architecture and how it constructs our landscape and ways of living and interacts with new urban spaces. Back in 1999 the Xunta de Galicia called an International Architecture Competition to build the City of Culture of Galicia on Mount Gaiás in Santiago de Compostela. Twelve proposals by renowned national and international architects' studios were initially submitted to this competition for ideas. Out of all these ideas, the final project to be selected for development was the design by Eisenman Architects, as – to quote the Jury – it was, “unique both in concept and plasticity, and exceptionally in tune with the site's location”. After ten years of intensive debate within Galician society and a meticulous building process, the City of Culture of Galicia is now becoming a reality.

Ismail Serageldin is the Co-Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC). He was the Founding Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the New Library of Alexandria in Egypt (2001-2017). Before that he was the Vice-President of the World Bank (1993-2000) in charge of Environmentally Sustainable Development (ESD), and the Chairman of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). He served on many international committees and commissions, including serving as a member of the High Level group for the Alliance of Civilizations convened by the Secretary General of the United Nations (2006-2007). He was also a distinguished professor at Wageningen University and the College de France. He is a member of many Academies and serves on many commissions, boards, and advisory committees for academic, research, and NGO institutions. He has lectured widely and published more than 100 books and 500 articles. He has received many awards from many countries and has received more than 40 honorary doctorates from all over the world.

The Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC) is an institution based in Azerbaijan, that celebrates the legacy of the great Azerbaijani poet and sage, Nizami Ganjavi (1141-1209), and that promotes the participation of high-level eminent figures in the study of possible solutions for the great problems of our time, with a view to promoting knowledge, tolerance, dialogue and understanding between peoples, cultures and nations.

Ismail Serageldin is the Co-Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC). He was the Founding Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the New Library of Alexandria in Egypt (2001-2017). Before that he was the Vice-President of the World Bank (1993-2000) in charge of Environmentally Sustainable Development (ESD), and the Chairman of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). He served on many international committees and commissions, including serving as a member of the High Level group for the Alliance of Civilizations convened by the Secretary General of the United Nations (2006-2007). He was also a distinguished professor at Wageningen University and the College de France. He is a member of many Academies and serves on many commissions, boards, and advisory committees for academic, research, and NGO institutions. He has lectured widely and published more than 100 books and 500 articles. He has received many awards from many countries and has received more than 40 honorary doctorates from all over the world.

Ismail Serageldin is the Co-Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC). He was the Founding Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the New Library of Alexandria in Egypt (2001-2017). Before that he was the Vice-President of the World Bank (1993-2000) in charge of Environmentally Sustainable Development (ESD), and the Chairman of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). He served on many international committees and commissions, including serving as a member of the High Level group for the Alliance of Civilizations convened by the Secretary General of the United Nations (2006-2007). He was also a distinguished professor at Wageningen University and the College de France. He is a member of many Academies and serves on many commissions, boards, and advisory committees for academic, research, and NGO institutions. He has lectured widely and published more than 100 books and 500 articles. He has received many awards from many countries and has received more than 40 honorary doctorates from all over the world.

While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest state in the region-and on its prospects for change based on financial assistance from other Arab countries.The authors have many disagreements about the future of both rich and poor nations in the Middle East and considerable skepticism about the possibility of transforming Egypt, but they do agree that the future must be projected in the framework of a new regional order in which oil wealth, labor migration, and liberalized national economies are fundamental realities.

While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest

While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest state in the region-and on its prospects for change based on financial assistance from other Arab countries.The authors have many disagreements about the future of both rich and poor nations in the Middle East and considerable skepticism about the possibility of transforming Egypt, but they do agree that the future must be projected in the framework of a new regional order in which oil wealth, labor migration, and liberalized national economies are fundamental realities.

While oil wealth has enriched some Middle East Arab nations, others that lack oil resources have remained poor and are looking now to their oil-rich neighbors for development assistance. This collection of studies on the economic, social, and political relationships between the haves and the have-nots in the Middle East focuses on Egypt-the largest state in the region-and on its prospects for change based on financial assistance from other Arab countries.The authors have many disagreements about the future of both rich and poor nations in the Middle East and considerable skepticism about the possibility of transforming Egypt, but they do agree that the future must be projected in the framework of a new regional order in which oil wealth, labor migration, and liberalized national economies are fundamental realities.

The past, present, and future of macro-architecture and how it constructs our landscape and ways of living and interacts with new urban spaces. Back in 1999 the Xunta de Galicia called an International Architecture Competition to build the City of Culture of Galicia on Mount Gaiás in Santiago de Compostela. Twelve proposals by renowned national and international architects' studios were initially submitted to this competition for ideas. Out of all these ideas, the final project to be selected for development was the design by Eisenman Architects, as – to quote the Jury – it was, “unique both in concept and plasticity, and exceptionally in tune with the site's location”. After ten years of intensive debate within Galician society and a meticulous building process, the City of Culture of Galicia is now becoming a reality.

Ismail Serageldin is the Co-Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC). He was the Founding Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the New Library of Alexandria in Egypt (2001-2017). Before that he was the Vice-President of the World Bank (1993-2000) in charge of Environmentally Sustainable Development (ESD), and the Chairman of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). He served on many international committees and commissions, including serving as a member of the High Level group for the Alliance of Civilizations convened by the Secretary General of the United Nations (2006-2007). He was also a distinguished professor at Wageningen University and the College de France. He is a member of many Academies and serves on many commissions, boards, and advisory committees for academic, research, and NGO institutions. He has lectured widely and published more than 100 books and 500 articles. He has received many awards from many countries and has received more than 40 honorary doctorates from all over the world.

The Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC) is an institution based in Azerbaijan, that celebrates the legacy of the great Azerbaijani poet and sage, Nizami Ganjavi (1141-1209), and that promotes the participation of high-level eminent figures in the study of possible solutions for the great problems of our time, with a view to promoting knowledge, tolerance, dialogue and understanding between peoples, cultures and nations.

Ismail Serageldin is the Co-Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC). He was the Founding Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the New Library of Alexandria in Egypt (2001-2017). Before that he was the Vice-President of the World Bank (1993-2000) in charge of Environmentally Sustainable Development (ESD), and the Chairman of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). He served on many international committees and commissions, including serving as a member of the High Level group for the Alliance of Civilizations convened by the Secretary General of the United Nations (2006-2007). He was also a distinguished professor at Wageningen University and the College de France. He is a member of many Academies and serves on many commissions, boards, and advisory committees for academic, research, and NGO institutions. He has lectured widely and published more than 100 books and 500 articles. He has received many awards from many countries and has received more than 40 honorary doctorates from all over the world.

Ismail Serageldin is the Co-Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Nizami Ganjavi International Center (NGIC). He was the Founding Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the New Library of Alexandria in Egypt (2001-2017). Before that he was the Vice-President of the World Bank (1993-2000) in charge of Environmentally Sustainable Development (ESD), and the Chairman of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). He served on many international committees and commissions, including serving as a member of the High Level group for the Alliance of Civilizations convened by the Secretary General of the United Nations (2006-2007). He was also a distinguished professor at Wageningen University and the College de France. He is a member of many Academies and serves on many commissions, boards, and advisory committees for academic, research, and NGO institutions. He has lectured widely and published more than 100 books and 500 articles. He has received many awards from many countries and has received more than 40 honorary doctorates from all over the world.