John B. Black - Böcker

Originally published in 1985, the chapters in this volume collectively approach the phenomenon of questioning from many perspectives. There are studies on question comprehension, question answering, question asking and the influence of adjunct questions on text comprehension and memory. The chapters cover different theories, models, methods, and practical applications. Some contributors focus exclusively on adult subjects, whereas other examine cognitive development in children. The earlier chapters in the book have a "pure science" emphasis, whereas the later chapters have an "applied" emphasis. Of course, the distinction between science and application had, in the editors’ words, become "very fuzzy" in the years prior to publication.

Originally published in 1985, the chapters in this volume collectively approach the phenomenon of questioning from many perspectives. There are studies on question comprehension, question answering, question asking and the influence of adjunct questions on text comprehension and memory. The chapters cover different theories, models, methods, and practical applications. Some contributors focus exclusively on adult subjects, whereas other examine cognitive development in children. The earlier chapters in the book have a "pure science" emphasis, whereas the later chapters have an "applied" emphasis. Of course, the distinction between science and application had, in the editors’ words, become "very fuzzy" in the years prior to publication.

Presenting studies of human cognition in situations that involve co-operation, expecially situations involving human-computer interaction, this volume aims to find a common thread. The concept sought is one that underlies co-operative behaviour and that is apparent in studies of human cognition, analyses of co-operative systems, and designs of distributed computing systems. The editors take the position that co-operation is a special form of goal directed behaviour among several agents. This position is set forth throughout the book in more formal analyses and examples.

First Published in 1986. This book marks a watershed in cognitive science activity at Yale University. Over the past decade, the cognitive science orientation has become more and more integrated into the mainstream of cognitive psychology, and artificial intelligence workers now feel comfortable thinking about psychological experimentation. This book collects in one place the research work which concentrates on covering topics in the representation, processing, and recall of meaningful verbal .materials. Several of the chapters are first reports of research; others are specially prepared reviews and elaborations of research reported previously. Here it is all together: Studies of scripts, plans, and higher-level knowledge structures; analyses of knowledge structure activation, of autobiographical memory, of the phenomenon of reminding, of the summarization of text, of explanations for events, and more.

Originally published in 1985, the various chapters in this volume give examples of research on all three aspects of text understanding – namely, structure, world knowledge and process. More than this, however, the research described represents a shift in emphasis from studying stories, which dominated the field in the late 1970s, to studying expository text. This focus on stories was probably due to the essential first step in any science of examining the simplest materials possible. However, the editors thought that it was time to shift the research focus from stories to expository text and this volume is their attempt to provide this transition.