This book highlights the main challenges of utilizing microalgae biotechnology with chemical absorption technologies as a combined technique for applications in biofixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and feedstock production for biofuels and other bioproducts. The higher carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere has been widely associated with global warming and climate change. Thus, chemical, physical and biological methods have been studied as strategies to capture CO2. This book looks at the biological method of CO2 fixation by microalgae (or CO2 biofixation), which stands out because, in addition to capturing this greenhouse gas (GHG), microalgae convert it into biomass that can be applied as a feedstock for biofuels and other bioproducts. It also describes the cultivation of microalgae using waste resources such as flue gas and wastewater as nutrients for their growth. However, the efficiency of CO2 biofixation by microalgae may be a limiting factor in this process. This book demonstrates the integration with another method, chemical absorption, as an alternative not only to improve the CO2 fixation, but also to produce biomass with higher applicability, due to the increase in the biomolecule concentration such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, exopolysaccharides, and pigments. The book is also useful to postgraduate researchers and academics, biotechnologists and industrial practitioners interested in minimizing carbon footprint via microalgae as a biological capture and production of other bioproducts.

This book highlights the main challenges of utilizing microalgae biotechnology with chemical absorption technologies as a combined technique for applications in biofixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and feedstock production for biofuels and other bioproducts. The higher carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere has been widely associated with global warming and climate change. Thus, chemical, physical and biological methods have been studied as strategies to capture CO2. This book looks at the biological method of CO2 fixation by microalgae (or CO2 biofixation), which stands out because, in addition to capturing this greenhouse gas (GHG), microalgae convert it into biomass that can be applied as a feedstock for biofuels and other bioproducts. It also describes the cultivation of microalgae using waste resources such as flue gas and wastewater as nutrients for their growth. However, the efficiency of CO2 biofixation by microalgae may be a limiting factor in this process. This book demonstrates the integration with another method, chemical absorption, as an alternative not only to improve the CO2 fixation, but also to produce biomass with higher applicability, due to the increase in the biomolecule concentration such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, exopolysaccharides, and pigments. The book is also useful to postgraduate researchers and academics, biotechnologists and industrial practitioners interested in minimizing carbon footprint via microalgae as a biological capture and production of other bioproducts.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book addresses the various applications of recycled expanded polystyrene, a material used abundantly in the packaging of items ranging from domestic to industrial items. However, as useful as it is for consumers, it is a major source of environmental challenges due to waste disposal problems. Most are dumped in landfills and deface the environment; in some climes, they are burnt, releasing toxic fumes into the atmosphere. The resulting negative effects on the natural habitat include leaching into underground water and destroying nutrients needed for agricultural activities. Therefore, this book presents recent studies of innovative and sustainable ways to utilize this waste material when recycled. It provides the foundational knowledge of expanded polystyrene foams and the recycling and reuse of its wastes to manufacture sustainable products. Furthermore, the book chapters are written by globally recognized researchers in the field providing a holistic overview of emerging technologies on recycling of waste as well as opportunities associated with its reuse. The book is also useful to postgraduate researchers and academics, community waste managers and council waste management workers interested in managing expanding polystyrene materials in their environment.

This book highlights the main challenges of utilizing microalgae biotechnology with chemical absorption technologies as a combined technique for applications in biofixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and feedstock production for biofuels and other bioproducts. The higher carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere has been widely associated with global warming and climate change. Thus, chemical, physical and biological methods have been studied as strategies to capture CO2. This book looks at the biological method of CO2 fixation by microalgae (or CO2 biofixation), which stands out because, in addition to capturing this greenhouse gas (GHG), microalgae convert it into biomass that can be applied as a feedstock for biofuels and other bioproducts. It also describes the cultivation of microalgae using waste resources such as flue gas and wastewater as nutrients for their growth. However, the efficiency of CO2 biofixation by microalgae may be a limiting factor in this process. This book demonstrates the integration with another method, chemical absorption, as an alternative not only to improve the CO2 fixation, but also to produce biomass with higher applicability, due to the increase in the biomolecule concentration such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, exopolysaccharides, and pigments. The book is also useful to postgraduate researchers and academics, biotechnologists and industrial practitioners interested in minimizing carbon footprint via microalgae as a biological capture and production of other bioproducts.

This book highlights the main challenges of utilizing microalgae biotechnology with chemical absorption technologies as a combined technique for applications in biofixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and feedstock production for biofuels and other bioproducts. The higher carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere has been widely associated with global warming and climate change. Thus, chemical, physical and biological methods have been studied as strategies to capture CO2. This book looks at the biological method of CO2 fixation by microalgae (or CO2 biofixation), which stands out because, in addition to capturing this greenhouse gas (GHG), microalgae convert it into biomass that can be applied as a feedstock for biofuels and other bioproducts. It also describes the cultivation of microalgae using waste resources such as flue gas and wastewater as nutrients for their growth. However, the efficiency of CO2 biofixation by microalgae may be a limiting factor in this process. This book demonstrates the integration with another method, chemical absorption, as an alternative not only to improve the CO2 fixation, but also to produce biomass with higher applicability, due to the increase in the biomolecule concentration such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, exopolysaccharides, and pigments. The book is also useful to postgraduate researchers and academics, biotechnologists and industrial practitioners interested in minimizing carbon footprint via microalgae as a biological capture and production of other bioproducts.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book reviews the physical-chemical properties of individual and mixed surfactant systems and its application in various industry sectors to produce household and personal care products. The book starts off with experimental along with theoretical approaches to study the microscopic behavior of surfactants. In particular, it looks into a characteristic of surfactant molecules ability to associate into micelles in solutions and the formation of mixed micelles when they are formed from more than one species of surfactant of different nature. Mixed micelles are very useful in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine formulation, enhanced oil recovery, micellar solubilization, dispersion, suspension, anti-corrosion agent as described by the various chapters in this book. This book caters to students and researchers, whose area of interest are surfactant systems and their role in different area of science.

This book addresses the various applications of recycled expanded polystyrene, a material used abundantly in the packaging of items ranging from domestic to industrial items. However, as useful as it is for consumers, it is a major source of environmental challenges due to waste disposal problems. Most are dumped in landfills and deface the environment; in some climes, they are burnt, releasing toxic fumes into the atmosphere. The resulting negative effects on the natural habitat include leaching into underground water and destroying nutrients needed for agricultural activities. Therefore, this book presents recent studies of innovative and sustainable ways to utilize this waste material when recycled. It provides the foundational knowledge of expanded polystyrene foams and the recycling and reuse of its wastes to manufacture sustainable products. Furthermore, the book chapters are written by globally recognized researchers in the field providing a holistic overview of emerging technologies on recycling of waste as well as opportunities associated with its reuse. The book is also useful to postgraduate researchers and academics, community waste managers and council waste management workers interested in managing expanding polystyrene materials in their environment.