Kimberly A. McCabe – författare

Global estimates of human trafficking range from 600,000 to four million victims each year with the majority being victims of sex trafficking. This strikingly large range belies the difficulty in gathering, defining, and accountability of sex-trafficking data. Victims of sex trafficking may be forced into pornography, prostitution for the military or militia, spousal prostitution, and prostitution for the sex-tourism industry. In response to the problem of sex trafficking, many nations have either misunderstood the definition or failed to comprehend the magnitude that have occurs within their borders. The United Nations has defined "human trafficking" as "the recruitment, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons by threat or use of force." Similarly, the U.S. State Department's Trafficking Victims Protection Act 2000 describes severe forms of trafficking as: (a) sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age; or (b) the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery. In Sex Trafficking: A Global Perspective, sex trafficking is discussed in terms of its multiple purposes and its victims. The essays provide information to build upon the limited knowledge-base on the subject of sex trafficking and the legislative responses to human trafficking by the various highlighted countries. This collection is unique because it serves the needs of those studying human trafficking from a global perspective by targeting the issue within every geographic region, it provides a general profile of geographic regions in terms of demographic characteristics and political conditions that may support the growth of sex trafficking, and it is written on a basic information-supply-level to provide readers with a fo

Over 700,000 people are trafficked across international borders every year. Of those, the U.S. Department of State estimates that between 14,500 and 17,500 are trafficked into the United States. Today, the U.S. and other nations are beginning to recognize the magnitude of the problem and attempt to address the victimization caused by human trafficking. This book investigates the types of human trafficking, and discusses U.S. and international responses to combat and end all forms of this criminal activity. With discussion-provoking questions at the end of each chapter and specific examples of trafficking activity, this book is appropriate for criminology courses, classes dedicated to victims and/or child abuse, and classes focused around the themes of international crime and international law.

The purpose of this book is to attempt to explore child abuse from a contemporary perspective in terms of its multiple elements, victims, and criminal justice responses. This text will: (1) begin to address the needs of those studying child abuse from a cultural perspective; (2) provide a general profile of today‘s perpetrators of child abuse as well as conditions that may facilitate the abuse; (3) provide information on current modes of child abuse; (4) provide discussions on long-term consequences for adult victims of child abuse; and, (5) provide details in terms of criminal justice responses to child abuse in the United States and internationally.

The purpose of this book is to attempt to explore child abuse from a contemporary perspective in terms of its multiple elements, victims, and criminal justice responses. This text will: (1) begin to address the needs of those studying child abuse from a cultural perspective; (2) provide a general profile of today’s perpetrators of child abuse as well as conditions that may facilitate the abuse; (3) provide information on current modes of child abuse; (4) provide discussions on long-term consequences for adult victims of child abuse; and, (5) provide details in terms of criminal justice responses to child abuse in the United States and internationally.

Since the year 2000, there have been approximately 200 school shootings in the United States. Unfortunately, this is not simply a U.S. problem. In 2017, a 15-year-old Canadian male student committed suicide after shooting two other students and a teacher. During that same year, in Brazil, a private school student fatally shot two classmates and injured four. In 2018, a 13-year-old Russian girl opened fire with a gas pistol and injured seven 7th graders. Hence, school violence is a problem of global concern. Acts of School Violence in the School Setting addresses this international problem from a crime and criminal justice perspective.The history of school violence follows the pattern of what most would consider the history of education. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, current research has shown a decline in the rates of school violence over the past three years; however, the few high-profile cases broadcast repeatedly in the media lead the public to other conclusions. All individuals agree that a child attending school should be concerned with the process of learning, not with avoiding victimization and that the school environment should be a safe and secure location for both students and teachers. In addition, and most central to this text, without a safe school environment, students and teachers may be assaulted, injured, or killed. Included in this textbook are definitions related to the types and categories of school violence (including bullying, stalking, and crimes against students that involve the internet), discussions on victims and offenders, and case examples. Also included in this textbook is information on criminal justice system responses to school violence from both a national and international perspective. Finally, this textbook discusses adult perpetrators of school violence and the explanations for such attacks.

Since the year 2000, there have been approximately 200 school shootings in the United States. Unfortunately, this is not simply a U.S. problem. In 2017, a 15-year-old Canadian male student committed suicide after shooting two other students and a teacher. During that same year, in Brazil, a private school student fatally shot two classmates and injured four. In 2018, a 13-year-old Russian girl opened fire with a gas pistol and injured seven 7th graders. Hence, school violence is a problem of global concern. Acts of School Violence in the School Setting addresses this international problem from a crime and criminal justice perspective.The history of school violence follows the pattern of what most would consider the history of education. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, current research has shown a decline in the rates of school violence over the past three years; however, the few high-profile cases broadcast repeatedly in the media lead the public to other conclusions. All individuals agree that a child attending school should be concerned with the process of learning, not with avoiding victimization and that the school environment should be a safe and secure location for both students and teachers. In addition, and most central to this text, without a safe school environment, students and teachers may be assaulted, injured, or killed. Included in this textbook are definitions related to the types and categories of school violence (including bullying, stalking, and crimes against students that involve the internet), discussions on victims and offenders, and case examples. Also included in this textbook is information on criminal justice system responses to school violence from both a national and international perspective. Finally, this textbook discusses adult perpetrators of school violence and the explanations for such attacks.

Transnational organized crime poses a significant and growing threat to national and international security. Not only are criminal networks expanding, they also are diversifying their criminal activities, resulting in the convergence of threats that were once distinct and today have even more explosive and destabilizing effects.Transnational Organized Crime: Yesterday and Today provides students with a comprehensive examination of criminal behaviors within the global arena, with an emphasis on transnational organized crime and domestic as well as international efforts to identify and address these criminal activities. Opening chapters introduce and define transnational organized crime (TOC), discuss the concepts of corruption and hyper-globalization, and present classical and contemporary theories related to TOC. Students learn about the role of technology in expanding criminal networks, leadership and membership positions/functions within international crime organizations, and demographic country-level variables that make nations more susceptible to organized crime. The book addresses the role of TOC organizations in crimes against humanity, vulnerable groups, and the environment. Students learn about drug trafficking; weapons trafficking; human trafficking; environmental crimes and wildlife trafficking; the illicit trade of art, antiquities, and other goods; and violent extremism and terrorism. Closing chapters discuss police efforts to control TOC and provide an overview of international courts and justice.Transnational Organized Crime is an ideal textbook for courses in organized crime, transnational crime, and comparative criminal justice.

Transnational organized crime poses a significant and growing threat to national and international security. Not only are criminal networks expanding, they also are diversifying their criminal activities, resulting in the convergence of threats that were once distinct and today have even more explosive and destabilizing effects.Transnational Organized Crime: Yesterday and Today provides students with a comprehensive examination of criminal behaviors within the global arena, with an emphasis on transnational organized crime and domestic as well as international efforts to identify and address these criminal activities. Opening chapters introduce and define transnational organized crime (TOC), discuss the concepts of corruption and hyper-globalization, and present classical and contemporary theories related to TOC. Students learn about the role of technology in expanding criminal networks, leadership and membership positions/functions within international crime organizations, and demographic country-level variables that make nations more susceptible to organized crime. The book addresses the role of TOC organizations in crimes against humanity, vulnerable groups, and the environment. Students learn about drug trafficking; weapons trafficking; human trafficking; environmental crimes and wildlife trafficking; the illicit trade of art, antiquities, and other goods; and violent extremism and terrorism. Closing chapters discuss police efforts to control TOC and provide an overview of international courts and justice.Transnational Organized Crime is an ideal textbook for courses in organized crime, transnational crime, and comparative criminal justice.

This book provides a foundation for the study of child abuse to include physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. This book describes physical and behavioral indicators of abuse, theoretical explanations of child abuse, the characteristics of abusers, and responses to child abuse by the criminal justice system.