Klaus Oschema – författare

From the nineteenth century onwards, historians described the Middle Ages as the "cradle" of the nation state—then, after World War II, they increasingly identified the period as the "cradle" of Europe. A close look at the sources demonstrates that both interpretations are misleading: while "Europe" was not a rare word, its use simply does not follow modern expectations. This volume contrasts modern historians' constructions of "Europe in the Middle Ages" with a fresh analysis of the medieval sources and discourses. The results force us to recognize that medieval ideas of ordering the world differ from modern expectations, thereby inviting us to reflect upon the use and limits of history in contemporary political discourse.

The series Trends in Medieval Philology includes central topics of current research debates in medieval studies and provides a place for groundbreaking research in the field. It is intended to give international researchers/research teams the opportunity to effectively present innovative surveys and discussions to the scientific community. The series sees itself as a ‘young’ research forum with a high standard of quality and is therefore also open to excellent degree theses, should they enhance the series.

When scholars discuss the medieval past, the temptation is to become immersed there, to deepen our appreciation of the nuances of the medieval sources through debate about their meaning. But the past informs the present in a myriad of ways and medievalists can, and should, use their research to address the concerns and interests of contemporary society. This volume presents a number of carefully commissioned essays that demonstrate the fertility and originality of recent work in Medieval Studies. Above all, they have been selected for relevance. Most contributors are in the earlier stages of their careers and their approaches clearly reflect how interdisciplinary methodologies applied to Medieval Studies have potential repercussions and value far beyond the boundaries of the Middles Ages. These chapters are powerful demonstrations of the value of medieval research to our own times, both in terms of providing answers to some of the specific questions facing humanity today and in terms of much broader considerations. Taken together, the research presented here also provides readers with confidence in the fact that Medieval Studies cannot be neglected without a great loss to the understanding of what it means to be human.

Schrifttragende Artefakte sind einer Vielzahl von Praktiken ausgesetzt, durch die sie in der einen oder anderen Form beschädigt werden. Dabei können die Absichten, Hintergründe und Kontexte dieser Praktiken stark variieren, sodass durch die Zeiten hindurch in verschiedenen kulturellen Kontexten, Situationen und Diskursen vielfältige Ausprägungen zu beobachten sind. Solche Fälle sind keineswegs darauf beschränkt, Missbilligung gegenüber Inhalten oder Autoren auszudrücken oder das Andenken an Personen auszulöschen. Anhand von detailliert aufgearbeiteten Fallbeispielen, die vom antiken Ägypten, Mesopotamien und dem Mittelmeerraum über das alte China, das europäische Mittelalter und die Neuzeit sowie islamische Traditionen bis zum heutigen Bali reichen, werden verschiedene Facetten der unterschiedlichen Praktiken und ihrer Motivationen erarbeitet und eine übergreifende Systematik entwickelt. Ziel ist es, eine an praxeologischen Kriterien orientierte Phänomenologie von Schriftzerstörung aufzustellen. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt auf Praktiken in non-typographischen Gesellschaften, also in Kulturen, in denen Schriftdokumente nicht mittels Buchdruck und vergleichbaren Verfahren fast beliebig vervielfältigt, sondern von Hand einzeln angefertigt wurden.

This volume explores 'unknown time' as a cultural phenomenon, approaching past futures, unknown presents, and future pasts through a broad range of different disciplines, media, and contexts.

This volume explores 'unknown time' as a cultural phenomenon, approaching past futures, unknown presents, and future pasts through a broad range of different disciplines, media, and contexts.