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This work gives an overview of the impact of EU competition rules and internal market law on healthcare systems in Europe. Alongside a thorough discussion of healthcare provision and the medical professions, the book covers health insurance, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices.There is an examination of the impact of the four freedoms, the cartel and abuse of dominance prohibitions and merger control, as well as the rules on state aid and public procurement. The book also considers horizontal measures as they affect healthcare. Written by experts, this is an ideal tool for those requiring an in-depth discussion of this important area of EU law.

This work gives an overview of the impact of EU competition rules and internal market law on healthcare systems in Europe. Alongside a thorough discussion of healthcare provision and the medical professions, the book covers health insurance, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices.There is an examination of the impact of the four freedoms, the cartel and abuse of dominance prohibitions and merger control, as well as the rules on state aid and public procurement. The book also considers horizontal measures as they affect healthcare. Written by experts, this is an ideal tool for those requiring an in-depth discussion of this important area of EU law.

Capacity remuneration mechanisms (or simply capacity mechanisms) have become a fact of life in member states'' energy markets and are one of the hottest topics in the wider European regulatory debate. Concerned about the security of electricity supply, national governments are implementing subsidy schemes to encourage investment in conventional power generation capacity, alongside already heavily subsidized renewable energy sources. With the increasingly connected European electricity markets, the introduction of a capacity mechanism in one country not only tends to distort its national market but may also have unforeseeable consequences for neighbouring electricity markets. As these mechanisms are adopted by member states with limited supra-national coordination as well as consideration for the cross-border impact, they tend to cause serious market distortions and put the future of the European internal electricity market at risk.This second edition will take stock of how capacity mechanisms have actually worked so far and consider the consequences they have for the European internal electricity market. It will include a detailed overview of national capacity mechanisms, their implications for the EU internal market, and will outline the nature of market failures which are likely to occur in the European electricity markets. This edition is intended to serve as a point of reference for regulators and policy-makers on how to design optimal capacity mechanisms in Europe. It will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in energy market design, regulation, and competition issues.

Capacity remuneration mechanisms (or simply capacity mechanisms) have become a fact of life in member states'' energy markets and are one of the hottest topics in the wider European regulatory debate. Concerned about the security of electricity supply, national governments are implementing subsidy schemes to encourage investment in conventional power generation capacity, alongside already heavily subsidized renewable energy sources. With the increasingly connected European electricity markets, the introduction of a capacity mechanism in one country not only tends to distort its national market but may also have unforeseeable consequences for neighbouring electricity markets. As these mechanisms are adopted by member states with limited supra-national coordination as well as consideration for the cross-border impact, they tend to cause serious market distortions and put the future of the European internal electricity market at risk.This second edition will take stock of how capacity mechanisms have actually worked so far and consider the consequences they have for the European internal electricity market. It will include a detailed overview of national capacity mechanisms, their implications for the EU internal market, and will outline the nature of market failures which are likely to occur in the European electricity markets. This edition is intended to serve as a point of reference for regulators and policy-makers on how to design optimal capacity mechanisms in Europe. It will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in energy market design, regulation, and competition issues.

Capacity remuneration mechanisms (or simply capacity mechanisms) have become a fact of life in member states' energy markets and are one of the hottest topics in the wider European regulatory debate. Concerned about the security of electricity supply, national governments are implementing subsidy schemes to encourage investment in conventional power generation capacity, alongside already heavily subsidized renewable energy sources. With the increasingly connected European electricity markets, the introduction of a capacity mechanism in one country not only tends to distort its national market but may also have unforeseeable consequences for neighbouring electricity markets. As these mechanisms are adopted by member states with limited supra-national coordination as well as consideration for the cross-border impact, they tend to cause serious market distortions and put the future of the European internal electricity market at risk.This second edition will take stock of how capacity mechanisms have actually worked so far and consider the consequences they have for the European internal electricity market. It will include a detailed overview of national capacity mechanisms, their implications for the EU internal market, and will outline the nature of market failures which are likely to occur in the European electricity markets. This edition is intended to serve as a point of reference for regulators and policy-makers on how to design optimal capacity mechanisms in Europe. It will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in energy market design, regulation, and competition issues.

Regulation is a universal feature of modern economic life. However, regulating the economies of advanced capitalist nations is a uniquely complex activity, crossing the boundaries between law, politics, and economics, and involving problems which affect both the regulator and the regulated.For this book, eminent lawyers and political scientists have contributed essays which analyse these problems by examining in detail the experience of regulation in different economies and diverse industries in capitalist Western Europe.

This work gives an overview of the impact of EU competition rules and internal market law on healthcare systems in Europe. Alongside a thorough discussion of healthcare provision and the medical professions, the book covers health insurance, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices.There is an examination of the impact of the four freedoms, the cartel and abuse of dominance prohibitions and merger control, as well as the rules on state aid and public procurement. The book also considers horizontal measures as they affect healthcare. Written by experts, this is an ideal tool for those requiring an in-depth discussion of this important area of EU law.

This important new work offers a comprehensive and compelling account of State aid law and policy and its application to the energy sector. Clearly structured and offering meticulous detail and robust analysis, it is required reading for all practitioners in the field. The volume explores general questions from the definition of State aid to its application in Member States by national courts. It also examines questions of procedure, questions of compatibility, and State aid and the EEA. It is an invaluable tool for lawyers, policymakers and tax professionals specialising in State aid law and energy law, written by a team of leading practitioners and academics in the field.

This important new work offers a comprehensive and compelling account of State aid law and policy and its application to the energy sector. Clearly structured and offering meticulous detail and robust analysis, it is required reading for all practitioners in the field. The volume explores general questions from the definition of State aid to its application in Member States by national courts. It also examines questions of procedure, questions of compatibility, and State aid and the EEA. It is an invaluable tool for lawyers, policymakers and tax professionals specialising in State aid law and energy law, written by a team of leading practitioners and academics in the field.

This important new work offers a comprehensive and compelling account of State aid law and policy and its application to the energy sector. Clearly structured and offering meticulous detail and robust analysis, it is required reading for all practitioners in the field. The volume explores general questions from the definition of State aid to its application in Member States by national courts. It also examines questions of procedure, questions of compatibility, and State aid and the EEA. It is an invaluable tool for lawyers, policymakers and tax professionals specialising in State aid law and energy law, written by a team of leading practitioners and academics in the field.

This revised and updated Research Handbook on European State Aid Law brings together established academics and practitioners to provide a wide-ranging coverage of the field. Incorporating political science, economics and the law in its analysis, it provides a strong overview of the salient issues in State aid law and policy.Chapters address the significance of State aid to various aspects of the political and legal systems of the Member States, including taxation, the financial sector, and the interplay between EU rules on State aid, free movement and public procurement. The Research Handbook further examines the application of the State aid rules to major sectors of the EU economy and introduces brand new themes for State aid analysis, such as arbitration, social services and the impact of Brexit.Featuring theoretical explorations and empirical studies, this Research Handbook will be crucial reading for scholars and researchers of EU State aid law, especially those searching for new avenues of research. It will also be a useful reference point for officials in national governments and the European Commission who are engaged in the State aid approval process. Judges hoping to expand their knowledge of EU State aid law and policy will also benefit from this insightful Research Handbook.

This revised and updated Research Handbook on European State Aid Law brings together established academics and practitioners to provide a wide-ranging coverage of the field. Incorporating political science, economics and the law in its analysis, it provides a strong overview of the salient issues in State aid law and policy.

Chapters address the significance of State aid to various aspects of the political and legal systems of the Member States, including taxation, the financial sector, and the interplay between EU rules on State aid, free movement and public procurement. The Research Handbook further examines the application of the State aid rules to major sectors of the EU economy and introduces brand new themes for State aid analysis, such as arbitration, social services and the impact of Brexit.

Featuring theoretical explorations and empirical studies, this Research Handbook will be crucial reading for scholars and researchers of EU State aid law, especially those searching for new avenues of research. It will also be a useful reference point for officials in national governments and the European Commission who are engaged in the State aid approval process. Judges hoping to expand their knowledge of EU State aid law and policy will also benefit from this insightful Research Handbook.

The Research Handbook on EU Competition Law and the Energy Transition comprehensively analyses key topics in the field, covering both traditional and emerging antitrust, state aid, and policy issues related to energy transformation, increased sustainability goals and the functioning of European energy markets.Across 17 authoritative chapters, leading experts in the competition, state aid and energy law fields blend academic rigour with practical insights. Contemporary issues are discussed such as the European energy markets’ regulatory frameworks, the legality of agreements between energy players, market power abuse in energy markets, and the way that states may play a direct role when intervening in the sector to promote renewable energy forms of the security of energy supply. The Research Handbook examines current geopolitical, social and technological changes and challenges in the energy sector within an economic law context and addresses the ongoing restructuring of European energy markets.Balancing theory, practice and actionable advice, this Research Handbook is an essential reference work for academics and students in competition and antitrust law and energy law. Legal practitioners and policymakers working in the energy and competition law sector will also find this to be an indispensable resource.The Research Handbook on EU Competition Law and the Energy Transition comprehensively analyses key topics in the field, covering both traditional and emerging antitrust, state aid, and policy issues related to energy transformation, increased sustainability goals and the functioning of European energy markets.Across 17 authoritative chapters, leading experts in the competition, state aid and energy law fields blend academic rigour with practical insights. Contemporary issues are discussed such as the European energy markets’ regulatory frameworks, the legality of agreements between energy players, market power abuse in energy markets, and the way that states may play a direct role when intervening in the sector to promote renewable energy forms of the security of energy supply. The Research Handbook examines current geopolitical, social and technological changes and challenges in the energy sector within an economic law context and addresses the ongoing restructuring of European energy markets.Balancing theory, practice and actionable advice, this Research Handbook is an essential reference work for academics and students in competition and antitrust law and energy law. Legal practitioners and policymakers working in the energy and competition law sector will also find this to be an indispensable resource.

The Research Handbook on EU Competition Law and the Energy Transition comprehensively analyses key topics in the field, covering both traditional and emerging antitrust, state aid, and policy issues related to energy transformation, increased sustainability goals and the functioning of European energy markets.

Across 17 authoritative chapters, leading experts in the competition, state aid and energy law fields blend academic rigour with practical insights. Contemporary issues are discussed such as the European energy markets’ regulatory frameworks, the legality of agreements between energy players, market power abuse in energy markets, and the way that states may play a direct role when intervening in the sector to promote renewable energy forms of the security of energy supply. The Research Handbook examines current geopolitical, social and technological changes and challenges in the energy sector within an economic law context and addresses the ongoing restructuring of European energy markets.

Balancing theory, practice and actionable advice, this Research Handbook is an essential reference work for academics and students in competition and antitrust law and energy law. Legal practitioners and policymakers working in the energy and competition law sector will also find this to be an indispensable resource.The Research Handbook on EU Competition Law and the Energy Transition comprehensively analyses key topics in the field, covering both traditional and emerging antitrust, state aid, and policy issues related to energy transformation, increased sustainability goals and the functioning of European energy markets.

Across 17 authoritative chapters, leading experts in the competition, state aid and energy law fields blend academic rigour with practical insights. Contemporary issues are discussed such as the European energy markets’ regulatory frameworks, the legality of agreements between energy players, market power abuse in energy markets, and the way that states may play a direct role when intervening in the sector to promote renewable energy forms of the security of energy supply. The Research Handbook examines current geopolitical, social and technological changes and challenges in the energy sector within an economic law context and addresses the ongoing restructuring of European energy markets.

Balancing theory, practice and actionable advice, this Research Handbook is an essential reference work for academics and students in competition and antitrust law and energy law. Legal practitioners and policymakers working in the energy and competition law sector will also find this to be an indispensable resource.

No detailed description available for "Energy Strategy in Europe".

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Piet Jan Slot is one of a notable group of innovators who have greatly elucidated the role of law in the construction of European integration. His retirement this year from the Law Faculty at Leiden University has occasioned this festschrift, in which forty-six colleagues, past and present, recognize his many sterling contributions and engage with issues central to his work. Many of them focus on aspects of European competition law, while others extend his preoccupations with such fields as environmental regulation, energy, transport, and the interfaces of European law with both Member State law and international (global) law. Ranging from historical tendencies to emerging trends and possibilities, the authors explore dozens of relevant topics, including the following: harmonization of EU law; progress of the concept of technical barriers; economic justifications and the fundamental freedoms; the Keck dichotomy between product requirements and selling arrangements; private antitrust enforcement in an international context; retail price maintenance; competitors role in the public enforcement of the state aid regime; scope of judicial review of sanctions in competition law; competition and security of supply; ownership unbundling; proliferation of EU regulatory agencies; and the influence of the ECJ on the interpretation of the ECHR. Conscious of Slot''s ability to identify and analyse the crucial issues of a complicated matter and express them in a clear way adequately attuned to the listener, the authors tackle some of the most complex areas in European law. Although, like Slot, they consider European integration as a value that should be respected and fostered, by no means do they uncritically accept European law or the way it is made. They carry on Slot''s work in interpreting and applying European law to search for solutions that maintain, develop and enrich the legal order established by the various European Treaties. This challenging and absorbing book offers everyone interested a rich selection of topical as well as controversial issues in a number of areas of European law. It is a fitting tribute to the diversity and reach of Slot''s contribution to these fields as an academic and practitioner over a period of some forty years.

Nuclear Energy Law after Chernobyl

This book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing.Navigating the challenges of a low carbon Europe: energy market regulation, the future of RES, and ensuring security of supply.This book provides an insight into some of the most significant issues presented at the Florence School of Regulation and Hellenic Energy Regulation Institute’s joint conference on European energy law and policy, which took place in September 2016 in Athens, Greece.The purpose of the conference was to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current status of the European and Greek energy sector, and the issues it faces, from both a legal and an economic perspective.The discussions included an assessment of the low carbon challenges for Europe, examining the future of renewable energy systems and support mechanisms, electricity market design, and the current regulatory framework of the gas and electricity markets in Greece. Finally, the discussions turned to the future role of Distribution System Operators, both in their function as independent supervisors of the electricity market and in their evolving relationship with the Transmission System Operators.The publication seeks to critically examine the status of current and proposed draft provisions in EU energy law and practice, while evaluating anticipated future developments. Indeed, many of these highly significant developments are now particularly topical, following the launch of the Commission’s Clean Energy Package in late November 2016 and hence, the contributions to this volume provide useful insights into the advantages and disadvantages of the Commission’s proposal on the new market design.

This comprehensive book on the European energy transition has been written by more than 40 European leading energy- and climate experts. It reflects on the latest policy developments, as such as the Clean Energy for All Europeans Package, the Green Deal and the Climate Law. The energy transition is Europe’s flagship projects. It needs to provide sound answers to the climate and sustainability-, security of supply- and competitiveness imperatives. The energy transition corresponds to a large scale economic and cultural change. It encompasses sector coupling- linking up sectors that have ignored each other previously, like mobility and power. What is the meaning of digitalization, and how to face cyber-security risks? Can Europe deliver a 50-55% decrease in Greenhouse Gas Emissions, as is the agenda of the new von der Leyen Commission?This 2nd edition is not only updated, but also augmented with three new chapters : the first focusses on a European cross border carbon adjustment proposal (by Genevieve Pons, Pascal Lamy and Pierre Leturcq). This mechanism is a center piece in the European Green Deal and as such debated intensively. Two other chapters present the value-add and next steps for European network codes and guidelines (Alexander Dusolt, Leonardo Meeus).The book analyses the factors driving change: where are we on climate and sustainability, competitiveness and market, and security of supply? It presents the actors: what genesis of and what contemporary institutions for European energy policy, how is energy addressed by the national and by the European; what about the active customer paradigm and the many startups and business models changing, as well as NGOs? It investigates sectors: power, gas, mobility and the powerful push from digitalization.

This book was originally published by Claeys and Casteels, now formally part of Edward Elgar Publishing.Competition policy continues to evolve rapidly in the energy sector, in line with the speed of change in energy markets. As markets decarbonise, new competition challenges develop, as 'traditional' hydrocarbons industries contract and renewables ones explode. Markets are changing, and competition policy with it.The new, 5th, edition reflects these changes. The Commission continued to enforce competition law vigorously in the energy sector. The Gazprom case was brought to an end with the acceptance of commitments aimed to address the Commission’s main concerns, including market segmentation, excessive pricing and potential competitive distortions in the development of gas infrastructure. Other cases were concluded as well, such as the Commission’s investigation into access to key natural gas infrastructure in Bulgaria, leading to fines being imposed on the incumbent gas operator. Further, the Commission launched an investigation into restrictions to the free flow of gas sold by Qatar Petroleum in Europe. On the mergers side, the acquisition of Uniper by Fortum, two important electricity suppliers in the Nordic region was cleared unconditionally, not least because of the high level of interconnectivity between different countries in the Nordic area, indicating a step-change in market definition. RWE's acquisition of E.ON electricity generation assets was also approved. An in-depth review of E.ON's proposed acquisition of RWE’s Innogy is now ongoing.Finally, we saw a remarkable amount of activity in the field of State Aid. The Commission finalised its sector inquiry on capacity mechanisms, looking at 35 existing or planned mechanisms in 11 Member States.The final report was published at the end of 2016, together with legislative proposals on the 'Clean Energy for All' package. Renewable energy schemes continued to throw up new challenges. Specific capacity mechanisms were approved in several Member States over this period. Transparent, balanced, market-oriented enforcement of State Aid rules will be key in pursuing the transition to a decarbonised energy model, so this important area will continue to attract attention over the coming years.This new edition is an essential reference work for all practitioners and academics in the area. It has established itself as the leading work on competition and energy.