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German is a language which has received a lot of attention in linguistics, and data from German had a substantial in?uence on the formation of linguistic theory. The in?uence this language had so far on psycholinguistics and on s- tactic processing in particular is much more limited, although the last 10 years have seen a growing interest in psycholinguistic investigations of German. The present monograph will build on earlier work and develop it further toward an account of syntactic comprehension on the basis of theoretical as well as - perimental investigations. The verb-?nal nature, the free order of constituents, and the morphological Case system of German offer a rich domain for exp- rations which will be shown to reshape our knowledge about human sentence processing in general. Much of the research which led to this monograph has been carried out at theFriedrichSchiller UniversityJenaandhasbeenconcluded atKonstanzU- versity. Our research has been supported between 1997 and 2005 by grant Ba 1178/4 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under the title L- guage Comprehension and Variable Word Order - Syntactic and Extrasyntactic Factors in Processing German Sentences.We are indebted to the DFG for this continuous support over the years, and in particular to Dr. Manfred Briegel and Dr. Susanne Anschutz for their administrative help.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd Ada-Europe International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies, Ada-Europe 2017, held in Vienna, Austria, in June 2017.The revised 15 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 37 submissions. They are organized in topical sections on runtimes, safety and security, timing verification, programming models, the future of safety-minded languages, mixed criticality.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd Ada-Europe International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies, Ada-Europe 2017, held in Vienna, Austria, in June 2017.

The revised 15 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 37 submissions. They are organized in topical sections on runtimes, safety and security, timing verification, programming models, the future of safety-minded languages, mixed criticality.

Das Verstehen von Sprache ist ein zentrales Gebiet der Psycholinguistik. Dieser Band beschaftigt sich mit dem Teilprozess der syntaktischen Analyse: Wie wird beim Sprachverstehen auf der Basis von syntaktischem Wissen Satzen eine syntaktische Struktur zugewiesen? Neben einer ausfuhrlichen Einfuhrung in die Problematik der syntaktischen Verarbeitung enthalt der Band eine Reihe von Leseexperimenten, in denen einige der wichtigen syntaktischen Konstruktionen des Deutschen untersucht werden. Die Ergebnisse dieser Experimente zeigen u. a., dass die prosodische Struktur, die man beim Lesen als Teil des "inneren Sprechens" erzeugt, die Berechnung syntaktischer Strukturen beeinflusst.

Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Accounting and Taxes, grade: 1,0, University of Newcastle, language: English, abstract: Luton-based EasyJet is UK's largest low-cost airline, employing 8,945 people and carrying 61m passengers annually. EasyJet follows Porter's low-cost strategy, effectively distinguishing itself from other LCCs by competing against established flag-carriers at primary European airports. The company streamlines its operations to cost-reduction, facilitated by a strong capital structure. Europe s airline industry has experienced a structural change since the recession in 2009, with major legacy-carrier continuously reducing their short-haul-capacity. Simultaneously, a KPMG study revealed that the cost gap between traditional and budget airlines has recently shrunk by 30%. EasyJet s business model distinctly differs from LCC-pioneer Ryanair as the Irish have strategically built a route network focused on serving secondary airports and thereby managed to keep the cost per seat 50% below EasyJet. However the Britons cost-control strategy resulted in a 48% favourable cost base compared to competing legacycarrier such as IAG.

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1.0, Northumbria University (Newcastle Business School), course: Final Thesis, language: English, abstract: The main objective of this study was to examine the existing economic impact studies on London 2012 after understanding the shortcomings of traditional methods and exploring advanced approaches. In a first step this work has therefore focused on basic economic frameworks, namely Leontief s IOA and the CBA, which have long been used in the event impact evaluations (Levy & Berger, 2013; Preuss, 2004a). Despite their straightforward application, both models reveal significant shortcomings, including the exaggeration of impacts and inability to address opportunity costs (IOA, cf. Lahr & Stevens, 2002) or specific economic situations (CBA, cf. Kesenne, 2005). As most of the weaknesses can be traced back to the use of economic multipliers (Preuss, 2004a), this study examined adjustments to the traditional models in a second step. Despite a more complicated realisation and its origin in US-specific data the, RIMSII and IMPLAN models, if at all, reduce the negative multiplier effects (Lynch, 2000; Rickman & Schwer, 1995). On this account, the GCE approach emerged and has been hailed a panacea by a number of event-assessing authors (Dwyer et al., 2004, 2006; Partridge & Rickman, 2010), notwithstanding the fact that the approach still fails to reduce the degree of subjectivity in the evaluation (Kasimati & Dawson, 2009). In a third step, the valuation method of Preuss (2004a, 2004b) has been introduced since its different approach to regionalise the primary impact best fits this studies objective to present a model that assesses the regional impact of the Olympics. Concluding with a review of five London 2012 studies, this work reveals that several attempts have been made to assess the economic consequences of the event on the British capital. Although a variety of models, including CGE (Blake, 2005), CBA (ARUP, 2002) and IOA (Oxford Economics, 2012), has been employed, it is the author s belief that the literature still lacks a sufficient investigation on the city s regional impact.

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1.0, accadis Hochschule Bad Homburg, course: Final Thesis, language: English, abstract: The potential relation of increased levels of corporate disclosure on a firm's cost of capital remains of great importance, both from a research-focussed and business- oriented point-of-view; however, the existence of methodological drawbacks has led to ever more complex studies, which eventually made the literature vast and confusing for outside readers. The purpose of this thesis was to organise and thereby simplify the different perspectives on a dynamic issue. It is argued that, in theory, enhanced transparency levels the marketplace by spreading information more equally among investors. Consequently, the information asymmetry component is mitigated, which translates into lower levels of estimation risk, transaction costs and default risk. After all, theoretical studies provided evidence that increased disclosure lowers the costs of capital. However, since neither of the involved components is directly observable, a myriad of approaches emerged to approximate actual figures. Although most of these proxies follow similar patterns, it is argued that none of the present approaches is free from constraints, which, in turn, affects the reliability of existing empirical studies. Research, after all, still lacks a generally accepted and holistic approach to the present day. In this context, one of the most recent findings provides a new and rather praxis-oriented perspective, by arguing that firms and investors are merely interested in a good-practice level of disclosure. Regardless of the perspective, an ultimate conclusion has yet to be revealed by the literature and it seems illusory that academics and practitioners agree on one approach in the future. Nevertheless, the contribution of this thesis was merely to structure and simplify the current state of a dynamic issue. The author therefore used easy to understand graphics and tables and linked the findings to related fields of research, where necessary.

Essay from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1.0, Northumbria University (Newcastle Business School), course: International Finance and Financial Management, language: English, abstract: The pharmaceutical sector has experienced a year of heavy consolidations, with a record breaking M&A volume of $250bn in 2014. From a shareholder perspective this should, however, cause serious concern as the deals very rarely maximise the owner's wealth. An illustration of this is the failed acquisition of AstraZeneca by US pharmaceutical giant Pfizer in spring 2014, when the British, despite strong strategic synergies, decided to reject an $117bn takeover bid, due to an insufficient price-offer. This essay is going to critically evaluate the concepts of shareholder wealth creation, in light of appropriate evaluation methods for bids and the influence of capital structure. It will be concluded that information asymmetry was one of the core issues in the case, as both parties ultimately misestimated potential synergies. Moreover, it is argued that irrational decisions, made by executive, can significantly impact and eventually destroy shareholder value.

Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Operations Research, grade: 1.0, Northumbria University (Newcastle Business School), course: Strategic Management and Leadership, language: English, abstract: London-based John Lewis Partnership plc (JLP or 'the company') is a leading UK retail chain, operating through the business divisions Waitrose and John Lewis. JLP's retail services cover a wide range of products, including clothing, furniture and home technology on the department store side and upmarket food on the grocery side. Whereas most competing supermarkets, such as Tesco, and traditional department stores, such as Debenhams, are stock-listed companies, JLP is owned by its 93,800 employees whooperate 43 John Lewis, respectively 337 Waitrose stores dominantly in the UK.

German is a language which has received a lot of attention in linguistics, and data from German had a substantial in?uence on the formation of linguistic theory. The in?uence this language had so far on psycholinguistics and on s- tactic processing in particular is much more limited, although the last 10 years have seen a growing interest in psycholinguistic investigations of German. The present monograph will build on earlier work and develop it further toward an account of syntactic comprehension on the basis of theoretical as well as - perimental investigations. The verb-?nal nature, the free order of constituents, and the morphological Case system of German offer a rich domain for exp- rations which will be shown to reshape our knowledge about human sentence processing in general. Much of the research which led to this monograph has been carried out at theFriedrichSchiller UniversityJenaandhasbeenconcluded atKonstanzU- versity. Our research has been supported between 1997 and 2005 by grant Ba 1178/4 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under the title L- guage Comprehension and Variable Word Order - Syntactic and Extrasyntactic Factors in Processing German Sentences.We are indebted to the DFG for this continuous support over the years, and in particular to Dr. Manfred Briegel and Dr. Susanne Anschutz for their administrative help.