Michael J. McPhaden – författare

Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth’s most dominant year-to-year climate variationThe El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts.El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change.Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequencesReview of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristicsMathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variationsConceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcingENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycleAdvances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecastingFuture projections of ENSO and its impactsFactors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptionsThe American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors.