Written and edited by a team of industry experts, this exciting new volume covers clean energy production from sewage and biomass while achieving a zero-waste strategy.

Wastewater treatment plants are critical in protecting both the environment’s resources and human health. A wastewater treatment plant’s technological system focuses not only on the effectiveness of the treatment but on the costs and energy consumption of the entire system. Municipal wastewater treatment produces a significant amount of sewage sludge all over the world. The majority of this sludge’s dry matter content is made up of organic compounds which are not toxic, and they consist of both primary and secondary (microbiological) sludge. There is also a substantial quantity of inorganic substances in the sludge, along with a small quantity of toxic matter. Also, various raw sewage treatment options can include energy production (heat, electricity, or biofuel) to reduce dependence on external energy supply during treatment. The most important options used for energy production from sewage and biomass can use the following approaches: anaerobic digestion, co-digestion, incineration with energy recovery, co-incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, supercritical (wet) oxidation, and hydrolysis. Generally, these processes or methods are cost-effective, but they can still have some setbacks related to the nature of the methods or the raw material used for conversion. There are also operating conditions to comply with to get a successful outcome.

This book combines information from many disciplines related to wastewater treatment technologies to show how the circular economy approach can be used to achieve zero waste and produce energy that can be useful for plants and communities. This approach focuses on clean technologies for green energy resources such as biohydrogen, biofuels, and biogas from biomass and sewage sludge for zero waste production. This is aimed to also integrate the issue of energy demand and the one of energy production.

Written and edited by a team of industry experts, this exciting new volume covers clean energy production from sewage and biomass while achieving a zero-waste strategy.

Wastewater treatment plants are critical in protecting both the environment’s resources and human health. A wastewater treatment plant’s technological system focuses not only on the effectiveness of the treatment but on the costs and energy consumption of the entire system. Municipal wastewater treatment produces a significant amount of sewage sludge all over the world. The majority of this sludge’s dry matter content is made up of organic compounds which are not toxic, and they consist of both primary and secondary (microbiological) sludge. There is also a substantial quantity of inorganic substances in the sludge, along with a small quantity of toxic matter. Also, various raw sewage treatment options can include energy production (heat, electricity, or biofuel) to reduce dependence on external energy supply during treatment. The most important options used for energy production from sewage and biomass can use the following approaches: anaerobic digestion, co-digestion, incineration with energy recovery, co-incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, supercritical (wet) oxidation, and hydrolysis. Generally, these processes or methods are cost-effective, but they can still have some setbacks related to the nature of the methods or the raw material used for conversion. There are also operating conditions to comply with to get a successful outcome.

This book combines information from many disciplines related to wastewater treatment technologies to show how the circular economy approach can be used to achieve zero waste and produce energy that can be useful for plants and communities. This approach focuses on clean technologies for green energy resources such as biohydrogen, biofuels, and biogas from biomass and sewage sludge for zero waste production. This is aimed to also integrate the issue of energy demand and the one of energy production.

Discover the latest techniques and applications for solar energy concentrators in this essential guide for academics, researchers, environmentalists, and professionals seeking to harness the power of solar energy while reducing environmental impact and costs.

This book is centered on contemporary fundamental techniques for collecting solar radiation and the prospective applications that show how solar energy concentrators (SEC) can be used in a variety of systems and may provide significant economic and environmental benefits.

Around the globe, there is a tremendous drive to investigate the viability of utilizing solar energy, particularly in regions with temperate zones. The usage of solar energy in many sectors has grown over the years. The ongoing quest for an alternate energy source in response to the apparent depletion of fossil resources is the driving factor behind this transition. Fossil fuels are far more widely used now than ever before despite their rising price. Although all forms of renewable energy are accessible, solar radiation is the most prevalent and easily accessible. Using solar energy for higher processing temperatures is difficult despite being the most common clean and affordable renewable energy source on the planet. For this, solar energy concentrators (SEC) are a promising technology that could be used to harness both heat and electricity for diversified industrial operations. SECs are devices that harvest solar radiation and direct it to a single point of concentration.

This book presents the most up-to-date fundamental strategies for the collection of the sun’s radiation. Moreover, SEC technical summaries are also evaluated concerning ongoing international assignments. Prominent applications are also featured to show the reader the scope of the SEC’s applicability. The potential implementations demonstrate that CSE can be employed in a wide range of systems and may offer considerable economic and environmental advantages.

Discover the latest techniques and applications for solar energy concentrators in this essential guide for academics, researchers, environmentalists, and professionals seeking to harness the power of solar energy while reducing environmental impact and costs.

This book is centered on contemporary fundamental techniques for collecting solar radiation and the prospective applications that show how solar energy concentrators (SEC) can be used in a variety of systems and may provide significant economic and environmental benefits.

Around the globe, there is a tremendous drive to investigate the viability of utilizing solar energy, particularly in regions with temperate zones. The usage of solar energy in many sectors has grown over the years. The ongoing quest for an alternate energy source in response to the apparent depletion of fossil resources is the driving factor behind this transition. Fossil fuels are far more widely used now than ever before despite their rising price. Although all forms of renewable energy are accessible, solar radiation is the most prevalent and easily accessible. Using solar energy for higher processing temperatures is difficult despite being the most common clean and affordable renewable energy source on the planet. For this, solar energy concentrators (SEC) are a promising technology that could be used to harness both heat and electricity for diversified industrial operations. SECs are devices that harvest solar radiation and direct it to a single point of concentration.

This book presents the most up-to-date fundamental strategies for the collection of the sun’s radiation. Moreover, SEC technical summaries are also evaluated concerning ongoing international assignments. Prominent applications are also featured to show the reader the scope of the SEC’s applicability. The potential implementations demonstrate that CSE can be employed in a wide range of systems and may offer considerable economic and environmental advantages.

This book provides a comprehensive guide to the benefits and developments of wind energy, including energy storage and conversion methods, making it a must-read for those interested in sustainable energy.

By going through this book, one can learn more about the usefulness of adopting renewable energies, particularly in light of the widespread use of wind-based devices. Here, we present an in-depth presentation of several developments in wind technological systems, focusing on applications and operational approaches.

With the depletion of fossil fuel-based energy resources, the development of alternative sources of energy is becoming extremely crucial. Meanwhile, the planet is on the brink of an energy disaster due to the rapidly rising global need for energy. Additionally, the widespread usage of fossil fuel-based energy resources is aggravating global warming and harming the environment. However, there are reliable and eco-friendly substitutes to fossil fuels, for example wind and many other sustainable energies. Considering its low operational costs and easy accessibility, wind is among the most cost-effective and efficient renewable energies. With the increased use of wind energy, the need for storage has become critical. In addition to various storage procedures, fuel cells and batteries are two primary sources of compensation for RE systems. The wind technological system is on the cusp of development, but numerous improvements are required to make this technology overall cost-efficient. In this book, various energy storage and conversion methods for wind power applications are explored.

Additionally, this work covers the costs associated with electrical output in wind-powered power plants as well as the financial and environmental plans that describe the installation of wind technology systems.

This book provides a comprehensive guide to the benefits and developments of wind energy, including energy storage and conversion methods, making it a must-read for those interested in sustainable energy.

By going through this book, one can learn more about the usefulness of adopting renewable energies, particularly in light of the widespread use of wind-based devices. Here, we present an in-depth presentation of several developments in wind technological systems, focusing on applications and operational approaches.

With the depletion of fossil fuel-based energy resources, the development of alternative sources of energy is becoming extremely crucial. Meanwhile, the planet is on the brink of an energy disaster due to the rapidly rising global need for energy. Additionally, the widespread usage of fossil fuel-based energy resources is aggravating global warming and harming the environment. However, there are reliable and eco-friendly substitutes to fossil fuels, for example wind and many other sustainable energies. Considering its low operational costs and easy accessibility, wind is among the most cost-effective and efficient renewable energies. With the increased use of wind energy, the need for storage has become critical. In addition to various storage procedures, fuel cells and batteries are two primary sources of compensation for RE systems. The wind technological system is on the cusp of development, but numerous improvements are required to make this technology overall cost-efficient. In this book, various energy storage and conversion methods for wind power applications are explored.

Additionally, this work covers the costs associated with electrical output in wind-powered power plants as well as the financial and environmental plans that describe the installation of wind technology systems.

Water Splitting is essential for anyone looking to stay at the cutting edge of hydrogen production and renewable energy, as it provides a thorough exploration of the latest advancements and interdisciplinary approaches to addressing global energy challenges.

Water splitting for the production of hydrogen is a rapidly evolving field at the forefront of interdisciplinary research and industrial development. It encompasses the integration of multiple scientific disciplines, including chemistry, physics, materials science, engineering, and environmental science, to address the global energy challenge and transition towards a sustainable future. The integration of water splitting with other renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, presents opportunities for the development of integrated systems and the establishment of a hydrogen economy. The ability to store and utilize hydrogen as a versatile energy carrier has the potential to revolutionize transportation, power generation, and industrial applications, enabling a transition away from fossil fuels and reducing carbon emissions.

Water Splitting provides a comprehensive exploration of water splitting, starting with the foundational principles of thermodynamics and kinetics, crucial for understanding hydrogen production. It covers diverse methods and catalysts, emphasizing material selection and reaction optimization, and explores recent innovations in materials and catalysts tailored for water splitting, highlighting synthesis techniques, functional materials, and nanotechnology integration. A significant portion of the book is dedicated to water photoelectrochemistry, analyzing semiconductor materials, photoelectrode design, and solar-to-hydrogen conversion strategies. The book delves into integrated systems, advanced reactors, and the role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data in enhancing water splitting technologies. Water Splitting addresses gaps in current resources, focusing on cutting-edge advancements and ensuring researchers stay informed and prepared to contribute to the field’s progress.

Water Splitting is essential for anyone looking to stay at the cutting edge of hydrogen production and renewable energy, as it provides a thorough exploration of the latest advancements and interdisciplinary approaches to addressing global energy challenges.

Water splitting for the production of hydrogen is a rapidly evolving field at the forefront of interdisciplinary research and industrial development. It encompasses the integration of multiple scientific disciplines, including chemistry, physics, materials science, engineering, and environmental science, to address the global energy challenge and transition towards a sustainable future. The integration of water splitting with other renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, presents opportunities for the development of integrated systems and the establishment of a hydrogen economy. The ability to store and utilize hydrogen as a versatile energy carrier has the potential to revolutionize transportation, power generation, and industrial applications, enabling a transition away from fossil fuels and reducing carbon emissions.

Water Splitting provides a comprehensive exploration of water splitting, starting with the foundational principles of thermodynamics and kinetics, crucial for understanding hydrogen production. It covers diverse methods and catalysts, emphasizing material selection and reaction optimization, and explores recent innovations in materials and catalysts tailored for water splitting, highlighting synthesis techniques, functional materials, and nanotechnology integration. A significant portion of the book is dedicated to water photoelectrochemistry, analyzing semiconductor materials, photoelectrode design, and solar-to-hydrogen conversion strategies. The book delves into integrated systems, advanced reactors, and the role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data in enhancing water splitting technologies. Water Splitting addresses gaps in current resources, focusing on cutting-edge advancements and ensuring researchers stay informed and prepared to contribute to the field’s progress.

Ion-exchange Technology I: Theory and Materials describes the theoretical principles of ion-exchange processes.

More specifically, this volume focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and modelling of ion-exchange materials and their associated kinetics and equilibria.

This title is a highly valuable source not only to postgraduate students and researchers but also to industrial R&D specialists in chemistry, chemical, and biochemical technology as well as to engineers and industrialists.

Ion-exchange Technology II: Applications presents an overview of  the numerous industrial applications of ion-exchange materials.

In particular, this volume focuses on the use of ion-exchange materials in various fields including chemical and biochemical separations, water purification, biomedical science, toxic metal recovery and concentration, waste water treatment, catalysis, alcohol beverage, sugar and milk technologies, pharmaceuticals industry and metallurgical industries.

This title is a highly valuable source not only to postgraduate students and researchers but also to industrial R&D specialists in chemistry, chemical, and biochemical technology as well as to engineers and industrialists.

Written and edited by a team of industry experts, this exciting new volume covers clean energy production from sewage and biomass while achieving a zero-waste strategy.

Wastewater treatment plants are critical in protecting both the environment’s resources and human health. A wastewater treatment plant’s technological system focuses not only on the effectiveness of the treatment but on the costs and energy consumption of the entire system. Municipal wastewater treatment produces a significant amount of sewage sludge all over the world. The majority of this sludge’s dry matter content is made up of organic compounds which are not toxic, and they consist of both primary and secondary (microbiological) sludge. There is also a substantial quantity of inorganic substances in the sludge, along with a small quantity of toxic matter. Also, various raw sewage treatment options can include energy production (heat, electricity, or biofuel) to reduce dependence on external energy supply during treatment. The most important options used for energy production from sewage and biomass can use the following approaches: anaerobic digestion, co-digestion, incineration with energy recovery, co-incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, supercritical (wet) oxidation, and hydrolysis. Generally, these processes or methods are cost-effective, but they can still have some setbacks related to the nature of the methods or the raw material used for conversion. There are also operating conditions to comply with to get a successful outcome.

This book combines information from many disciplines related to wastewater treatment technologies to show how the circular economy approach can be used to achieve zero waste and produce energy that can be useful for plants and communities. This approach focuses on clean technologies for green energy resources such as biohydrogen, biofuels, and biogas from biomass and sewage sludge for zero waste production. This is aimed to also integrate the issue of energy demand and the one of energy production.

Written and edited by a team of industry experts, this exciting new volume covers clean energy production from sewage and biomass while achieving a zero-waste strategy.

Wastewater treatment plants are critical in protecting both the environment’s resources and human health. A wastewater treatment plant’s technological system focuses not only on the effectiveness of the treatment but on the costs and energy consumption of the entire system. Municipal wastewater treatment produces a significant amount of sewage sludge all over the world. The majority of this sludge’s dry matter content is made up of organic compounds which are not toxic, and they consist of both primary and secondary (microbiological) sludge. There is also a substantial quantity of inorganic substances in the sludge, along with a small quantity of toxic matter. Also, various raw sewage treatment options can include energy production (heat, electricity, or biofuel) to reduce dependence on external energy supply during treatment. The most important options used for energy production from sewage and biomass can use the following approaches: anaerobic digestion, co-digestion, incineration with energy recovery, co-incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, supercritical (wet) oxidation, and hydrolysis. Generally, these processes or methods are cost-effective, but they can still have some setbacks related to the nature of the methods or the raw material used for conversion. There are also operating conditions to comply with to get a successful outcome.

This book combines information from many disciplines related to wastewater treatment technologies to show how the circular economy approach can be used to achieve zero waste and produce energy that can be useful for plants and communities. This approach focuses on clean technologies for green energy resources such as biohydrogen, biofuels, and biogas from biomass and sewage sludge for zero waste production. This is aimed to also integrate the issue of energy demand and the one of energy production.

Discover the latest techniques and applications for solar energy concentrators in this essential guide for academics, researchers, environmentalists, and professionals seeking to harness the power of solar energy while reducing environmental impact and costs.

This book is centered on contemporary fundamental techniques for collecting solar radiation and the prospective applications that show how solar energy concentrators (SEC) can be used in a variety of systems and may provide significant economic and environmental benefits.

Around the globe, there is a tremendous drive to investigate the viability of utilizing solar energy, particularly in regions with temperate zones. The usage of solar energy in many sectors has grown over the years. The ongoing quest for an alternate energy source in response to the apparent depletion of fossil resources is the driving factor behind this transition. Fossil fuels are far more widely used now than ever before despite their rising price. Although all forms of renewable energy are accessible, solar radiation is the most prevalent and easily accessible. Using solar energy for higher processing temperatures is difficult despite being the most common clean and affordable renewable energy source on the planet. For this, solar energy concentrators (SEC) are a promising technology that could be used to harness both heat and electricity for diversified industrial operations. SECs are devices that harvest solar radiation and direct it to a single point of concentration.

This book presents the most up-to-date fundamental strategies for the collection of the sun’s radiation. Moreover, SEC technical summaries are also evaluated concerning ongoing international assignments. Prominent applications are also featured to show the reader the scope of the SEC’s applicability. The potential implementations demonstrate that CSE can be employed in a wide range of systems and may offer considerable economic and environmental advantages.

Discover the latest techniques and applications for solar energy concentrators in this essential guide for academics, researchers, environmentalists, and professionals seeking to harness the power of solar energy while reducing environmental impact and costs.

This book is centered on contemporary fundamental techniques for collecting solar radiation and the prospective applications that show how solar energy concentrators (SEC) can be used in a variety of systems and may provide significant economic and environmental benefits.

Around the globe, there is a tremendous drive to investigate the viability of utilizing solar energy, particularly in regions with temperate zones. The usage of solar energy in many sectors has grown over the years. The ongoing quest for an alternate energy source in response to the apparent depletion of fossil resources is the driving factor behind this transition. Fossil fuels are far more widely used now than ever before despite their rising price. Although all forms of renewable energy are accessible, solar radiation is the most prevalent and easily accessible. Using solar energy for higher processing temperatures is difficult despite being the most common clean and affordable renewable energy source on the planet. For this, solar energy concentrators (SEC) are a promising technology that could be used to harness both heat and electricity for diversified industrial operations. SECs are devices that harvest solar radiation and direct it to a single point of concentration.

This book presents the most up-to-date fundamental strategies for the collection of the sun’s radiation. Moreover, SEC technical summaries are also evaluated concerning ongoing international assignments. Prominent applications are also featured to show the reader the scope of the SEC’s applicability. The potential implementations demonstrate that CSE can be employed in a wide range of systems and may offer considerable economic and environmental advantages.

This book provides a comprehensive guide to the benefits and developments of wind energy, including energy storage and conversion methods, making it a must-read for those interested in sustainable energy.

By going through this book, one can learn more about the usefulness of adopting renewable energies, particularly in light of the widespread use of wind-based devices. Here, we present an in-depth presentation of several developments in wind technological systems, focusing on applications and operational approaches.

With the depletion of fossil fuel-based energy resources, the development of alternative sources of energy is becoming extremely crucial. Meanwhile, the planet is on the brink of an energy disaster due to the rapidly rising global need for energy. Additionally, the widespread usage of fossil fuel-based energy resources is aggravating global warming and harming the environment. However, there are reliable and eco-friendly substitutes to fossil fuels, for example wind and many other sustainable energies. Considering its low operational costs and easy accessibility, wind is among the most cost-effective and efficient renewable energies. With the increased use of wind energy, the need for storage has become critical. In addition to various storage procedures, fuel cells and batteries are two primary sources of compensation for RE systems. The wind technological system is on the cusp of development, but numerous improvements are required to make this technology overall cost-efficient. In this book, various energy storage and conversion methods for wind power applications are explored.

Additionally, this work covers the costs associated with electrical output in wind-powered power plants as well as the financial and environmental plans that describe the installation of wind technology systems.

This book provides a comprehensive guide to the benefits and developments of wind energy, including energy storage and conversion methods, making it a must-read for those interested in sustainable energy.

By going through this book, one can learn more about the usefulness of adopting renewable energies, particularly in light of the widespread use of wind-based devices. Here, we present an in-depth presentation of several developments in wind technological systems, focusing on applications and operational approaches.

With the depletion of fossil fuel-based energy resources, the development of alternative sources of energy is becoming extremely crucial. Meanwhile, the planet is on the brink of an energy disaster due to the rapidly rising global need for energy. Additionally, the widespread usage of fossil fuel-based energy resources is aggravating global warming and harming the environment. However, there are reliable and eco-friendly substitutes to fossil fuels, for example wind and many other sustainable energies. Considering its low operational costs and easy accessibility, wind is among the most cost-effective and efficient renewable energies. With the increased use of wind energy, the need for storage has become critical. In addition to various storage procedures, fuel cells and batteries are two primary sources of compensation for RE systems. The wind technological system is on the cusp of development, but numerous improvements are required to make this technology overall cost-efficient. In this book, various energy storage and conversion methods for wind power applications are explored.

Additionally, this work covers the costs associated with electrical output in wind-powered power plants as well as the financial and environmental plans that describe the installation of wind technology systems.

Water Splitting is essential for anyone looking to stay at the cutting edge of hydrogen production and renewable energy, as it provides a thorough exploration of the latest advancements and interdisciplinary approaches to addressing global energy challenges.

Water splitting for the production of hydrogen is a rapidly evolving field at the forefront of interdisciplinary research and industrial development. It encompasses the integration of multiple scientific disciplines, including chemistry, physics, materials science, engineering, and environmental science, to address the global energy challenge and transition towards a sustainable future. The integration of water splitting with other renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, presents opportunities for the development of integrated systems and the establishment of a hydrogen economy. The ability to store and utilize hydrogen as a versatile energy carrier has the potential to revolutionize transportation, power generation, and industrial applications, enabling a transition away from fossil fuels and reducing carbon emissions.

Water Splitting provides a comprehensive exploration of water splitting, starting with the foundational principles of thermodynamics and kinetics, crucial for understanding hydrogen production. It covers diverse methods and catalysts, emphasizing material selection and reaction optimization, and explores recent innovations in materials and catalysts tailored for water splitting, highlighting synthesis techniques, functional materials, and nanotechnology integration. A significant portion of the book is dedicated to water photoelectrochemistry, analyzing semiconductor materials, photoelectrode design, and solar-to-hydrogen conversion strategies. The book delves into integrated systems, advanced reactors, and the role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data in enhancing water splitting technologies. Water Splitting addresses gaps in current resources, focusing on cutting-edge advancements and ensuring researchers stay informed and prepared to contribute to the field’s progress.

Water Splitting is essential for anyone looking to stay at the cutting edge of hydrogen production and renewable energy, as it provides a thorough exploration of the latest advancements and interdisciplinary approaches to addressing global energy challenges.

Water splitting for the production of hydrogen is a rapidly evolving field at the forefront of interdisciplinary research and industrial development. It encompasses the integration of multiple scientific disciplines, including chemistry, physics, materials science, engineering, and environmental science, to address the global energy challenge and transition towards a sustainable future. The integration of water splitting with other renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, presents opportunities for the development of integrated systems and the establishment of a hydrogen economy. The ability to store and utilize hydrogen as a versatile energy carrier has the potential to revolutionize transportation, power generation, and industrial applications, enabling a transition away from fossil fuels and reducing carbon emissions.

Water Splitting provides a comprehensive exploration of water splitting, starting with the foundational principles of thermodynamics and kinetics, crucial for understanding hydrogen production. It covers diverse methods and catalysts, emphasizing material selection and reaction optimization, and explores recent innovations in materials and catalysts tailored for water splitting, highlighting synthesis techniques, functional materials, and nanotechnology integration. A significant portion of the book is dedicated to water photoelectrochemistry, analyzing semiconductor materials, photoelectrode design, and solar-to-hydrogen conversion strategies. The book delves into integrated systems, advanced reactors, and the role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data in enhancing water splitting technologies. Water Splitting addresses gaps in current resources, focusing on cutting-edge advancements and ensuring researchers stay informed and prepared to contribute to the field’s progress.

Ion-exchange Technology I: Theory and Materials describes the theoretical principles of ion-exchange processes.

More specifically, this volume focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and modelling of ion-exchange materials and their associated kinetics and equilibria.

This title is a highly valuable source not only to postgraduate students and researchers but also to industrial R&D specialists in chemistry, chemical, and biochemical technology as well as to engineers and industrialists.

Ion-exchange Technology II: Applications presents an overview of  the numerous industrial applications of ion-exchange materials.

In particular, this volume focuses on the use of ion-exchange materials in various fields including chemical and biochemical separations, water purification, biomedical science, toxic metal recovery and concentration, waste water treatment, catalysis, alcohol beverage, sugar and milk technologies, pharmaceuticals industry and metallurgical industries.

This title is a highly valuable source not only to postgraduate students and researchers but also to industrial R&D specialists in chemistry, chemical, and biochemical technology as well as to engineers and industrialists.