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21 produkter
21 produkter
Inbunden, Engelska, 2026
2 151 kr
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Rudolph Hermann Lotze (1817‒1881) was a leading figure of late 19th-century German philosophy. This volume provides a comprehensive reassessment of Lotze's thought and analyzes the many different aspects of his logic, metaphysics, epistemology, and philosophy of mind.Lotze reconsidered the philosophy of German Idealism and initiated an objectivist turn that was instrumental in the development of leading philosophical movements of the 20th century, including analytic philosophy, phenomenology, and pragmatism. This volume seeks to demonstrate the importance of Lotze's thought to the history of philosophy. Part I addresses Lotze's influence on and relatedness to the thought of Franz Brentano, Thomas Hill Green, Francis Herbert Bradley, James Ward, Emily Elizabeth Constance Jones, William James, Edmund Husserl, Wilhelm Windelband, Gottlob Frege, and Ludwig Wittgenstein, and to two philosophers who brought Lotze to his turn in philosophy, Jakob Friedrich Fries and Johann Friedrich Herbart. Part II focuses on the connection between metaphysics and epistemology in the early Lotze, on the problem of value in Lotze's “greater” Logik, on his explorations on the foundations of mathematics, on the relationship between thought and language, on human sentience, on the method of hypotheses in science, and on Lotze's logic of existence and existence-entailing concepts.The Philosophy of Rudolph Hermann Lotze will appeal to scholars and graduate students interested in the history of philosophy, particularly 19th-century German philosophy and the history of analytic philosophy and phenomenology.
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PDF, Engelska, 2026746 kr
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Rudolph Hermann Lotze (1817-1881) was a leading figure of late 19th-century German philosophy. This volume provides a comprehensive reassessment of Lotze's thought and analyzes the many different aspects of his logic, metaphysics, epistemology, and philosophy of mind.Lotze reconsidered the philosophy of German Idealism and initiated an objectivist turn that was instrumental in the development of leading philosophical movements of the 20th century, including analytic philosophy, phenomenology, and pragmatism. This volume seeks to demonstrate the importance of Lotze's thought to the history of philosophy. Part I addresses Lotze's influence on and relatedness to the thought of Franz Brentano, Thomas Hill Green, Francis Herbert Bradley, James Ward, Emily Elizabeth Constance Jones, William James, Edmund Husserl, Wilhelm Windelband, Gottlob Frege, and Ludwig Wittgenstein, and to two philosophers who brought Lotze to his turn in philosophy, Jakob Friedrich Fries and Johann Friedrich Herbart. Part II focuses on the connection between metaphysics and epistemology in the early Lotze, on the problem of value in Lotze's "e;greater"e; Logik, on his explorations on the foundations of mathematics, on the relationship between thought and language, on human sentience, on the method of hypotheses in science, and on Lotze's logic of existence and existence-entailing concepts.The Philosophy of Rudolph Hermann Lotze will appeal to scholars and graduate students interested in the history of philosophy, particularly 19th-century German philosophy and the history of analytic philosophy and phenomenology.
E-bok
Engelska, 2026746 kr
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Rudolph Hermann Lotze (1817-1881) was a leading figure of late 19th-century German philosophy. This volume provides a comprehensive reassessment of Lotze's thought and analyzes the many different aspects of his logic, metaphysics, epistemology, and philosophy of mind.Lotze reconsidered the philosophy of German Idealism and initiated an objectivist turn that was instrumental in the development of leading philosophical movements of the 20th century, including analytic philosophy, phenomenology, and pragmatism. This volume seeks to demonstrate the importance of Lotze's thought to the history of philosophy. Part I addresses Lotze's influence on and relatedness to the thought of Franz Brentano, Thomas Hill Green, Francis Herbert Bradley, James Ward, Emily Elizabeth Constance Jones, William James, Edmund Husserl, Wilhelm Windelband, Gottlob Frege, and Ludwig Wittgenstein, and to two philosophers who brought Lotze to his turn in philosophy, Jakob Friedrich Fries and Johann Friedrich Herbart. Part II focuses on the connection between metaphysics and epistemology in the early Lotze, on the problem of value in Lotze's "e;greater"e; Logik, on his explorations on the foundations of mathematics, on the relationship between thought and language, on human sentience, on the method of hypotheses in science, and on Lotze's logic of existence and existence-entailing concepts.The Philosophy of Rudolph Hermann Lotze will appeal to scholars and graduate students interested in the history of philosophy, particularly 19th-century German philosophy and the history of analytic philosophy and phenomenology.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2020
1 504 kr
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This book investigates the emergence and development of early analytic philosophy and explicates the topics and concepts that were of interest to German and British philosophers. Taking into consideration a range of authors including Leibniz, Kant, Hegel, Fries, Lotze, Husserl, Moore, Russell and Wittgenstein, Nikolay Milkov shows that the same puzzles and problems were of interest within both traditions. Showing that the particular problems and concepts that exercised the early analytic philosophers logically connect with, and in many cases hinge upon, the thinking of German philosophers, Early Analytic Philosophy and the German Philosophical Tradition introduces the Anglophone world to key concepts and thinkers within German philosophical tradition and provides a much-needed revisionist historiography of early analytic philosophy. In doing so, this book shows that the issues that preoccupied the early analytic philosophy were familiar to the most renowned figures in the German philosophical tradition, and addressed by them in profoundly original and enduringly significant ways.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 2020482 kr
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This book investigates the emergence and development of early analytic philosophy and explicates the topics and concepts that were of interest to German and British philosophers. Taking into consideration a range of authors including Leibniz, Kant, Hegel, Fries, Lotze, Husserl, Moore, Russell and Wittgenstein, Nikolay Milkov shows that the same puzzles and problems were of interest within both traditions. Showing that the particular problems and concepts that exercised the early analytic philosophers logically connect with, and in many cases hinge upon, the thinking of German philosophers, Early Analytic Philosophy and the German Philosophical Tradition introduces the Anglophone world to key concepts and thinkers within German philosophical tradition and provides a much-needed revisionist historiography of early analytic philosophy. In doing so, this book shows that the issues that preoccupied the early analytic philosophy were familiar to the most renowned figures in the German philosophical tradition, and addressed by them in profoundly original and enduringly significant ways.
E-bok
Engelska, 2020482 kr
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This book investigates the emergence and development of early analytic philosophy and explicates the topics and concepts that were of interest to German and British philosophers. Taking into consideration a range of authors including Leibniz, Kant, Hegel, Fries, Lotze, Husserl, Moore, Russell and Wittgenstein, Nikolay Milkov shows that the same puzzles and problems were of interest within both traditions. Showing that the particular problems and concepts that exercised the early analytic philosophers logically connect with, and in many cases hinge upon, the thinking of German philosophers, Early Analytic Philosophy and the German Philosophical Tradition introduces the Anglophone world to key concepts and thinkers within German philosophical tradition and provides a much-needed revisionist historiography of early analytic philosophy. In doing so, this book shows that the issues that preoccupied the early analytic philosophy were familiar to the most renowned figures in the German philosophical tradition, and addressed by them in profoundly original and enduringly significant ways.
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
456 kr
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This book investigates the emergence and development of early analytic philosophy and explicates the topics and concepts that were of interest to German and British philosophers. Taking into consideration a range of authors including Leibniz, Kant, Hegel, Fries, Lotze, Husserl, Moore, Russell and Wittgenstein, Nikolay Milkov shows that the same puzzles and problems were of interest within both traditions. Showing that the particular problems and concepts that exercised the early analytic philosophers logically connect with, and in many cases hinge upon, the thinking of German philosophers, Early Analytic Philosophy and the German Philosophical Tradition introduces the Anglophone world to key concepts and thinkers within German philosophical tradition and provides a much-needed revisionist historiography of early analytic philosophy. In doing so, this book shows that the issues that preoccupied the early analytic philosophy were familiar to the most renowned figures in the German philosophical tradition, and addressed by them in profoundly original and enduringly significant ways.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2026
1 297 kr
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This book offers a new interpretation of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus and connects it with the early development of analytic philosophy in Cambridge and Jena.In this book, Wittgenstein’s method is presented as an epitome of analytic philosophy. It considers how Wittgenstein adopted and deepened the method of Moore and Russell and how he fused it with that of Frege. The book also explores the attempts to adopt Wittgenstein’s method by the Vienna Circle, the Cambridge school of therapeutic analysis, and the Oxford school of ordinary language philosophy, as well as how it relates to some leading figures in the history of philosophy including Kant and Spinoza.The Tractatus, Wittgenstein’s Method and Analytic Philosophy is essential reading for all scholars, researchers and advanced students of the thought of Ludwig Wittgenstein and of the history of analytic philosophy.
E-bok
Engelska, 20261 672 kr
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This book offers a new interpretation of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus and connects it with the early development of analytic philosophy in Cambridge and Jena.In this book, Wittgenstein’s method is presented as an epitome of analytic philosophy. It considers how Wittgenstein adopted and deepened the method of Moore and Russell and how he fused it with that of Frege. The book also explores the attempts to adopt Wittgenstein’s method by the Vienna Circle, the Cambridge school of therapeutic analysis, and the Oxford school of ordinary language philosophy, as well as how it relates to some leading figures in the history of philosophy including Kant and Spinoza.The Tractatus, Wittgenstein’s Method and Analytic Philosophy is essential reading for all scholars, researchers and advanced students of the thought of Ludwig Wittgenstein and of the history of analytic philosophy.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20231 390 kr
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Hermann Lotze was a key figure in the philosophy of the second half of the 19th century, influencing practically all leading philosophical schools of the late 19th and the early 20th century: (i) the neo-Kantians; (ii) Brentano and his school of descriptive psychology; (iii) the British idealists; (iv) Husserl’s phenomenology; (v) Dilthey’s philosophy of life; (vi) Frege’s new logic; (vii) the early Cambridge analytic philosophy; (viii) William James’s pragmatism. The book first presents the main ideas of Hermann Lotze’s philosophy (Part I), and then traces his influence on the descriptive psychology of Franz Brentano and Carl Stumpf (Part 2) and Cambridge analytic philosophy (Part 3). In addition, the book includes Bertrand Russell’s conspectus of J. E. McTaggart’s 1898 lectures on Lotze.
E-bok
Engelska, 20231 390 kr
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Hermann Lotze was a key figure in the philosophy of the second half of the 19th century, influencing practically all leading philosophical schools of the late 19th and the early 20th century: (i) the neo-Kantians; (ii) Brentano and his school of descriptive psychology; (iii) the British idealists; (iv) Husserl’s phenomenology; (v) Dilthey’s philosophy of life; (vi) Frege’s new logic; (vii) the early Cambridge analytic philosophy; (viii) William James’s pragmatism. The book first presents the main ideas of Hermann Lotze’s philosophy (Part I), and then traces his influence on the descriptive psychology of Franz Brentano and Carl Stumpf (Part 2) and Cambridge analytic philosophy (Part 3). In addition, the book includes Bertrand Russell’s conspectus of J. E. McTaggart’s 1898 lectures on Lotze.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2023
1 351 kr
Skickas inom 5-8 vardagar
Hermann Lotze was a key figure in the philosophy of the second half of the 19th century, influencing practically all leading philosophical schools of the late 19th and the early 20th century: (i) the neo-Kantians; (ii) Brentano and his school of descriptive psychology; (iii) the British idealists; (iv) Husserl’s phenomenology; (v) Dilthey’s philosophy of life; (vi) Frege’s new logic; (vii) the early Cambridge analytic philosophy; (viii) William James’s pragmatism. The book first presents the main ideas of Hermann Lotze’s philosophy (Part I), and then traces his influence on the descriptive psychology of Franz Brentano and Carl Stumpf (Part 2) and Cambridge analytic philosophy (Part 3). In addition, the book includes Bertrand Russell’s conspectus of J. E. McTaggart’s 1898 lectures on Lotze.
Del 12 - New Studies in the History and Historiography of Philosophy
Hermann Lotze's Influence on Twentieth Century Philosophy
Häftad, Engelska, 2024
238 kr
Skickas inom 3-6 vardagar
Hermann Lotze was a key figure in the philosophy of the second half of the 19th century, influencing practically all leading philosophical schools of the late 19th and the early 20th century: (i) the neo-Kantians; (ii) Brentano and his school of descriptive psychology; (iii) the British idealists; (iv) Husserl’s phenomenology; (v) Dilthey’s philosophy of life; (vi) Frege’s new logic; (vii) the early Cambridge analytic philosophy; (viii) William James’s pragmatism. The book first presents the main ideas of Hermann Lotze’s philosophy (Part I), and then traces his influence on the descriptive psychology of Franz Brentano and Carl Stumpf (Part 2) and Cambridge analytic philosophy (Part 3). In addition, the book includes Bertrand Russell’s conspectus of J. E. McTaggart’s 1898 lectures on Lotze.
Häftad, Tyska, 2021
660 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Originaltext mit philosophischen sowie historischen Kommentaren von Nikolay MilkovAls habilitierter Mediziner und Philosoph hat Rudolph Hermann Lotze durch seinen interdisziplinären Ansatz die Entwicklung der Psychologie im 19. Jahrhundert wie kein anderer geprägt. Im Unterschied zu anderen Wissenschaftlern der Zeit hat Lotze die neue Disziplin konsequent in enger Verbindung mit der Philosophie betrachtet, wie besonders in Medicinische Psychologie oder Physiologie der Seele (1852) deutlich wird. Dies bedeutete seine bewusste Abkehr von der Herangehensweise, die Psychologie ganz über experimentelle Untersuchungen und damit die Empirie zu definieren.Lotze scheute sich jedoch, diese entstehende Disziplin „philosophische Psychologie“ zu nennen, für ihn war sie nur physiologische Psychologie, herausgearbeitet mit Hilfe der Philosophie: Sie stellt Tatsachen fest und untersucht, wie Körper und Seele sich zueinander verhalten, tut dies jedoch nicht nur empirisch, sondern auch „metaphysisch“. In diesem Band wird Lotzes Originaltext untersucht, kommentiert und eingebettet in den soziokulturellen Hintergrund der Entstehungszeit, um einen tiefen, aber verständlichen Einblick in diesen Bereich der Psychologie zu geben.
692 kr
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Originaltext mit philosophischen sowie historischen Kommentaren von Nikolay Milkov
Als habilitierter Mediziner und Philosoph hat Rudolph Hermann Lotze durch seinen interdisziplinären Ansatz die Entwicklung der Psychologie im 19. Jahrhundert wie kein anderer geprägt. Im Unterschied zu anderen Wissenschaftlern der Zeit hat Lotze die neue Disziplin konsequent in enger Verbindung mit der Philosophie betrachtet, wie besonders in Medicinische Psychologie oder Physiologie der Seele (1852) deutlich wird. Dies bedeutete seine bewusste Abkehr von der Herangehensweise, die Psychologie ganz über experimentelle Untersuchungen und damit die Empirie zu definieren.
Lotze scheute sich jedoch, diese entstehende Disziplin „philosophische Psychologie“ zu nennen, für ihn war sie nur physiologische Psychologie, herausgearbeitet mit Hilfe der Philosophie: Sie stellt Tatsachen fest und untersucht, wie Körper und Seele sich zueinander verhalten, tut dies jedoch nicht nur empirisch, sondern auch „metaphysisch“.In diesem Band wird Lotzes Originaltext untersucht, kommentiert und eingebettet in den soziokulturellen Hintergrund der Entstehungszeit, um einen tiefen, aber verständlichen Einblick in diesen Bereich der Psychologie zu geben.
E-bok
PDF, Tyska, 2011136 kr
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Hans Reichenbach ist heute in Nordamerika, wo er die Entwicklung der analytischen Philosophie maßgeblich beeinflußte und zahlreiche bedeutende Schüler hatte (u.a. Putnam, Kaplan und Salmon), weitaus präsenter als im Land seiner Herkunft.In den 1920er Jahren entwickelte Reichenbach das Programm einer strikt an den neuen Entdeckungen der Naturwissenschaften orientierten Philosophie. Ziel dieser Neuausrichtung philosophischen Denkens war die philosophische Begleitung wissenschaftlicher Theoriebildung und die logische Analyse und Axiomatisierung ihrer Resultate; »Philosophie [soll] nicht als individuelle Wissenschaft, sondern im engsten Zusammenhang mit den einzelnen Fachwissenschaften« betrieben werden. Als Kopf der »Berliner Gruppe« der Wissenschaftsphilosophie gehörte Reichenbach neben den Philosophen des »Wiener Kreises« zu den bedeutendsten Vertretern des aufkommenden logischen Empirismus.Der Band versammelt die wichtigsten Texte, mit denen Reichenbach sein wissenschaftsphilosophisches Programm begründete. Der erste Teil enthält zwei Aufsätze und die Abhandlung ''Ziele und Wege der heutigen Naturphilosophie'' (1931 bei Meiner erschienen) aus der Entstehungszeit der »Berliner Gruppe«. Die beiden Texte im zweiten Teil zeigen die Weiterentwicklung seines Programms in der Emigration in den 1930er und den 1940er Jahren zu der Doktrin des »radikalen Empirismus«. Der letzte Aufsatz ist eine frühe Ausarbeitung der Thesen, die Reichenbach in seinem bekanntesten Buch ''The Rise of Scientific Philosophy'' (1951) dargestellt hat.Redaktioneller HinweisAnders als im Buch angegeben, wurde der Aufsatz »Rationalismus und Empirismus: Eine Untersuchung der Wurzeln philosophischen Irrtums« von Maria Reichenbach übersetzt. Der Aufsatz »Der logistische Empirismus in Deutschland und der gegenwärtige Stand seiner Probleme« wurde von Hermann Vetter übersetzt und von Andreas Kamlah überarbeitet.
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PDF, Tyska, 2015567 kr
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Diese Anthologie versammelt die zentralen Texte der Berliner Gruppe um den Philosophen und Wissenschaftstheoretiker Hans Reichenbach, die in den 1920er Jahren parallel zum Wiener Kreis die Grundsätze einer »wissenschaftlichen Philosophie« entwickelte und die Grundlagen der modernen Wissenschaftstheorie legte.Die Bemühungen um die Etablierung einer »wissenschaftlichen Philosophie«, die ab Mitte der 1920er Jahre in Deutschland und Österreich stattfanden und in die programmatische Formulierung des sogenannten Logischen Empirismus mündeten, werden im Allgemeinen mit dem »Wiener Kreis« um Moritz Schlick, Rudolf Carnap, Otto Neurath und anderen in Verbindung gebracht (s. PhB 577). Weniger bekannt ist, dass es in Berlin eine ebenso bedeutende, parallel arbeitende Gruppe von Philosophen und Wissenschaftstheoretikern gab, die zum gleichen Zeitpunkt dasselbe Ziel verfolgte und aus nicht minder prominenten Denkern bestand.Die Berliner Gruppe um Hans Reichenbach, Kurt Lewin, Walter Dubislav, Alexander Herzberg, Kurt Grelling und Carl Gustav Hempel, die die »Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche Philosophie« in Berlin leitete, verstand sich als gleichberechtigter Partner der Wiener Kollegen und schlug durchaus einen eigenständigen Weg zu »einer an der exakten Wissenschaft geschulten Philosophie« (Reichenbach) ein. Im öffentlichen und geistigen Leben der deutschen Hauptstadt spielte sie eine bedeutende Rolle, bevor ihre Mitglieder durch den Nationalsozialismus ins Exil gezwungen wurden. Nach ihrer Emigration haben Reichenbach, Hempel und andere für die Entwicklung der analytischen Philosophie und der modernen Wissenschaftstheorie im angelsächsischen Sprachraum eine bedeutende Rolle gespielt.Der Band fasst erstmals in einer repräsentativen Auswahl die Texte der Berliner Gruppe in einer Anthologie zusammen und zeigt die Bedeutung und die Einheitlichkeit der Gruppe als – neben dem Wiener Kreis – zweitem Entstehungsort exakter Philosophie.
E-bok
PDF, Tyska, 20171 077 kr
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Hermann Lotze, der zu den bedeutendsten deutschen Philosophen des 19. Jahrhunderts zählt (und bis in die Zwanzigerjahre zu den meistdiskutierten gehörte), hat nicht nur den Neukantianismus und die Lebensphilosophie, sondern auch Husserls Phänomenologie und die frühe analytische Philosophie maßgeblich beeinflusst. Aufgrund seiner Doppelprofession als Philosoph und Mediziner steht Lotze im Zentrum der großen Transformationsbewegung im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs des 19. Jahrhunderts, die die Abtrennung der Wissenschaften von der idealistischen Philosophie und die Bemühung einer kritisch reflektierten Philosophie um Annäherung an die Erfahrungswissenschaften mit sich brachte. Lotzes Einsicht, dass der Mensch nicht mehr im Mittelpunkt der Natur steht, sondern »dislociert« ist, weist in das Zentrum seines großen Werkes Mikrokosmos. Ideen zur Naturgeschichte und Geschichte der Menschheit (1856). Von ihm selbst in eine Linie mit Herders Ideen und A. v. Humboldts Kosmos-Schrift gestellt, liefert Mikrokosmos schon vor dem Erscheinen von Darwins Origin of Species (1859) eine hellsichtige Kritik des neuen Materialismus und der anthropologischen Grundproblematik unserer Epoche. Gegen den analytischen Geist in den Wissenschaften und gegen die Rastlosigkeit ihres Fortschritts hält er an der Vorstellung fest, dass jede Weltbeschreibung der Selbstdeutung des Menschen angemessen sein muss. Mit dem Begriff der »Dislocirung« wird auf den Punkt gebracht, was noch knapp hundert Jahre später die philosophische Anthropologie beschäftigen wird: Die Stellung des Menschen in der Natur ist fragwürdig geworden, innerhalb des Gesamtprozesses vom Leben gibt es keine eindeutige Position mehr für den Menschen.
Del 273 - Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science
Berlin Group and the Philosophy of Logical Empiricism
Inbunden, Engelska, 2013
1 073 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The Berlin Group for scientific philosophy was active between 1928 and 1933 and was closely related to the Vienna Circle. In 1930, the leaders of the two Groups, Hans Reichenbach and Rudolf Carnap, launched the journal Erkenntnis. However, between the Berlin Group and the Vienna Circle, there was not only close relatedness but also significant difference. Above all, while the Berlin Group explored philosophical problems of the actual practice of science, the Vienna Circle, closely following Wittgenstein, was more interested in problems of the language of science. The book includes first discussion ever (in three chapters) on Walter Dubislav’s logic and philosophy. Two chapters are devoted to another author scarcely explored in English, Kurt Grelling, and another one to Paul Oppenheim who became an important figure in the philosophy of science in the USA in the 1940s–1960s. Finally, the book discusses the precursor of the Nord-German tradition of scientific philosophy, Jacob Friedrich Fries.
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 20131 379 kr
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The Berlin Group for scientific philosophy was active between 1928 and 1933 and was closely related to the Vienna Circle. In 1930, the leaders of the two Groups, Hans Reichenbach and Rudolf Carnap, launched the journal Erkenntnis. However, between the Berlin Group and the Vienna Circle, there was not only close relatedness but also significant difference. Above all, while the Berlin Group explored philosophical problems of the actual practice of science, the Vienna Circle, closely following Wittgenstein, was more interested in problems of the language of science. The book includes first discussion ever (in three chapters) on Walter Dubislav’s logic and philosophy. Two chapters are devoted to another author scarcely explored in English, Kurt Grelling, and another one to Paul Oppenheim who became an important figure in the philosophy of science in the USA in the 1940s–1960s. Finally, the book discusses the precursor of the Nord-German tradition of scientific philosophy, Jacob Friedrich Fries.
Del 273 - Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science
Berlin Group and the Philosophy of Logical Empiricism
Häftad, Engelska, 2015
1 073 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The Berlin Group for scientific philosophy was active between 1928 and 1933 and was closely related to the Vienna Circle. In 1930, the leaders of the two Groups, Hans Reichenbach and Rudolf Carnap, launched the journal Erkenntnis. However, between the Berlin Group and the Vienna Circle, there was not only close relatedness but also significant difference. Above all, while the Berlin Group explored philosophical problems of the actual practice of science, the Vienna Circle, closely following Wittgenstein, was more interested in problems of the language of science. The book includes first discussion ever (in three chapters) on Walter Dubislav’s logic and philosophy. Two chapters are devoted to another author scarcely explored in English, Kurt Grelling, and another one to Paul Oppenheim who became an important figure in the philosophy of science in the USA in the 1940s–1960s. Finally, the book discusses the precursor of the Nord-German tradition of scientific philosophy, Jacob Friedrich Fries.