Oliver Morrissey - Böcker

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Academic and is offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.This book investigates the performance of firms and households in Tanzania and the strategies they adopt to navigate shocks, achieve sustainability, and build resilience in order to sustain their growth and development. The contributions take into account competitiveness and productivity for firms, and income or welfare for households. Has the ability to navigate successfully through shocks and a changing economic environment improved over the past two decades? What are the lessons for managing and recovering from shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic? Chapters cover a range of issues including competitiveness and value chains as determinants of (export) trade performance and the importance of technology, innovation, linkages, and value chains for the resilience and sustainability of firms. Trends in household income diversification and rural livelihoods, and improvements in financial inclusion, particularly through digital financial innovations such as mobile money services, promote the resilience and sustainability of households. Gender and regional, especially urban-rural, differences are incorporated.Cross-cutting themes emerge: the need for modern technology and infrastructure to increase the productivity and employment of firms; the role of investment in human capital in reducing gender inequalities and equipping workers and entrepreneurs with relevant skills; and the importance of access to resources for innovation. The performance of Tanzanian firms has gradually improved since 2000 - although many challenges remain - and this has benefitted households through employment opportunities; the COVID-19 pandemic was however a significant shock to the economy and progress stalled or reversed as a result. Tanzania, like many countries, faces a challenging future but is better positioned to do so than it has been.

In recent years, globalization has been the subject of considerable research and comment. A major phenomenon, it is open to a variety of interpretations. In particular, the debate over trade liberalization, growth and inequality has come under close scrutiny as demonstrations against globalization have gathered pace. This volume provides a much needed comparative study of the link between globalization, growth and inequality. It assesses how globalization affects growth, inequality and poverty in developing and transition countries. Paying particular attention to eleven low and middle income countries, the authors argue that globalization can actually help reduce poverty and inequity when institutions and physical infrastructures are efficient. Divided into four parts, the book documents the lessons drawn from case studies on Africa, Latin America and Central Asia. A fascinating book which sheds light on many globalization issues, Trade, Growth and Inequality in the Era of Globalization will be of interest to students and researchers of development economics, globalization and international trade.

In recent years, globalization has been the subject of considerable research and comment. A major phenomenon, it is open to a variety of interpretations. In particular, the debate over trade liberalization, growth and inequality has come under close scrutiny as demonstrations against globalization have gathered pace. This volume provides a much needed comparative study of the link between globalization, growth and inequality. It assesses how globalization affects growth, inequality and poverty in developing and transition countries. Paying particular attention to eleven low and middle income countries, the authors argue that globalization can actually help reduce poverty and inequity when institutions and physical infrastructures are efficient. Divided into four parts, the book documents the lessons drawn from case studies on Africa, Latin America and Central Asia. A fascinating book which sheds light on many globalization issues, Trade, Growth and Inequality in the Era of Globalization will be of interest to students and researchers of development economics, globalization and international trade.

The European Union (EU) has provided trade preferences to the former colonies of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) regions since 1975 but these preferences have been of limited value and found to be incompatible with WTO rules. To continue preferences, economic partnership agreements (EPAs) were established, under which the EU and regional groupings of ACP countries offer reciprocal trade preferences to each other. This volume not only assesses EPAs and the impact on ACP countries, but also provides guidance for ACP negotiators in future negotiations and provides an evaluation of methods used to analyse the impact of trade reforms. In addition to overviews of the content and process of EPAs, estimates of impacts on a range of ACP countries and evaluating how they can contribute to development, these chapters focus on specific negotiating concerns such as legal commitments, adjustment costs, impacts on poverty and food security, and regulatory reforms.

The European Union (EU) has provided trade preferences to the former colonies of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) regions since 1975 but these preferences have been of limited value and found to be incompatible with WTO rules. To continue preferences, economic partnership agreements (EPAs) were established, under which the EU and regional groupings of ACP countries offer reciprocal trade preferences to each other. This volume not only assesses EPAs and the impact on ACP countries, but also provides guidance for ACP negotiators in future negotiations and provides an evaluation of methods used to analyse the impact of trade reforms. In addition to overviews of the content and process of EPAs, estimates of impacts on a range of ACP countries and evaluating how they can contribute to development, these chapters focus on specific negotiating concerns such as legal commitments, adjustment costs, impacts on poverty and food security, and regulatory reforms.

This timely Handbook comprehensively explores the complex relationships between trade and economic performance in developing countries, illustrating that it is not trade per se that is important but the context, at the firm, country and regional level, in which trade occurs.The Handbook on Trade and Development provides a review of the current understanding of major trade issues facing developing countries through considering specific region or country case studies. Broad topics are covered including trade costs and facilitation; trade preferences; trade and firm performance; and child labor. Chapters on sub-Saharan Africa cover primary commodities, informal cross-border trade, agglomeration and regional integration. Chapters on Latin America include the role of imported technology; exchange rates; export diversification; FDI; and firm exporting. Chapters on East Asia cover the increasing importance of China in world trade and links between trade and environment, labor markets and FDI.This discerning work will be an indispensable reference point for academics, researchers and students of development economics. The broad range of topics covered will provide a useful insight for practitioners and policy makers into the nuances of the complex relationship between trade and the economy in developing regions.Contributors include: C. Ackah, M.R. Agosin, P-.C. Athukorala, L.D.C. Chancí Arango, X. Cirera, E. Cooke, A.M. Fernandes, E. Ferro, R. Garcia, S. Golub, G. Herath, I.T. Kandilov, A. Leblebicio lu, G. Leeves, V. Leyaro, R.A. López, P. McConaghy, J. Menon, A. Mold, O. Morrissey, M. Persson, A. Prizzon, K. Sharma, E. Siba, M. Söderbom, T.T.H. Tambunan, F.E. Turkson, A. Voy, A. Waldkirch, W. Wei, J.S. Wilson, J. Zhang, X. Zhang

Almost all developing countries have implemented major economic reforms over the past two decades, but there is no consensus either on how this impacts on manufacturing or on how policy could be adapted to support manufacturing. On the one hand there is a widely held view that protectionism is dead and trade liberalisation is the only direction. On the other hand there is an increasing perception that governments have a role in supporting manufacturing.This book considers the impact of economic reforms on manufacturing performance and explores policy options for promoting manufacturing. Using country-specific case studies spanning Africa, South Asia, South East Asia and Latin America, the authors examine the evidence for and against both trade liberalisation and government support policy.Economic Policy and Manufacturing Performance in Developing Countries will prove an invaluable source of reference to all scholars of development economics and trade policy.

Aid is one of the major issues in development and international relations. Over the last 50 years there have been remarkable changes in our understanding of aid's limits and potentialities as an instrument of economic, social and political change. This important collection brings together major landmark contributions to the analysis, structured around key issues and debates and offers an overview of present understanding. Aid's role in the new global political economy is under intense scrutiny, as analysts, politicians and civil society struggle to reach a consensus on such issues as how much and what kinds of aid to support, to which countries to allocate aid and under what conditions. Equally accessible to economists and non-economists, Foreign Aid in the New Global Economy provides an invaluable reference for anyone with a policy interest in aid, its consequences for international development and the theoretical underpinnings.