Peter A. Frensch - Böcker

This is the second of two volumes which together present the main contributions from the 29th International Congress of Psychology, held in Berlin in 2008, written by international leaders in psychology from around the world. The authors present a variety of approaches and perspectives that reflect cutting-edge advances in psychological science.Personality, Human Development, and Culture provides an overview of advances in several areas of psychology such as clinical, health, social, developmental, and cross-cultural psychology. One section of the volume is dedicated solely to emotions and health, and addresses state-of-the-art work on the regulation of self, health, social relations, and emotions such as passion. Other sections deal with development and personality issues as well as conceptual, cultural, and ethnic approaches to modern psychology. The global perspective of this collection illustrates research being undertaken on all five continents and emphasizes the cultural diversity of the contributors.This book will be an invaluable resource for researchers, professionals, teachers and students in the field of psychology.

Although research on implicit learning, a cognitive phenomenon in which people acquire new knowledge without conscious intent or awareness, has been growing exponentially, there hasnÆt been a single resource on the topicùuntil now. Aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of implicit learning, the prestigious contributors to this volume explore the fieldÆs controversies, the functional characteristics of implicit learning, brain mechanisms, and the neurological foundations for implicit learning, connectionist models of implicit learning, and applications of implicit learning to acquiring new mental skills. The editors open the book by examining the definition of implicit learning: Frensch considers the multiple meanings of the term; Stadler and Roediger consider aspects of the definition that hinge on the issue of awareness; and, Buchner and Wippich compare and contrast implicit learning with implicit memory. Next, the contributors discuss the various forms of implicit and the paradigms used to study it. Berry and Cook explore recent work on invariance learning; Hoffman considers the issue of the structure of what subjects learn in implicit learning experiments; Manza, Zizak, and Reber review work on artificial grammar learning that uses preference judgment task as a measure of learning; Mathews and Cochran examine the generativity of implicit knowledge via the use of the artificial grammar learning paradigm; Reed and Johnson look at implicit learning from the perspective of work done with serial reaction time tasks; and Seger explores the possibility of multiple forms of implicit learning. The book concludes with an investigation of various theoretical and empirical issues in implicit learning, such as: CleeremansÆ connectionist model; CurranÆs look at cognitive neuroscientific evidence; GoschkeÆs investigation of perceptual and motor mechanisms of implicit learning; an analysis of the developmental perspectives of Hoyer, Willingham, Perruchet, and Vinter; Hsaiao and ReberÆs review of evidence on the role of attention in implicit learning; and Shanks and JohnstoneÆs alternative account of learning in serial reation time tasks. This handbook offers readers the first complete reference on implicit learning by those who have been instrumental in shaping the field. This handbook offers readers the first complete reference on implicit learning by those who have been instrumental in shaping the field. Professionals and practitioners in experimental psychology, psychology, management, and organizational behavior will find the Handbook of Implicit Learning an essential reference tool.

Although complex problem solving has emerged as a field of psychology in its own right, the literature is, for the most part, widely scattered, and often so technical that it is inaccessible to non-experts. This unique book provides a comprehensive, in-depth, and accessible introduction to the field of complex problem solving. Chapter authors -- experts in their selected domains -- deliver systematic, thought-provoking analyses generally written from an information-processing point of view. Areas addressed include politics, electronics, and computers.

Although complex problem solving has emerged as a field of psychology in its own right, the literature is, for the most part, widely scattered, and often so technical that it is inaccessible to non-experts. This unique book provides a comprehensive, in-depth, and accessible introduction to the field of complex problem solving. Chapter authors -- experts in their selected domains -- deliver systematic, thought-provoking analyses generally written from an information-processing point of view. Areas addressed include politics, electronics, and computers.

This volume presents a state-of-the-science review of the most promising current European research -- and its historic roots of research -- on complex problem solving (CPS) in Europe. It is an attempt to close the knowledge gap among American scholars regarding the European approach to understanding CPS. Although most of the American researchers are well aware of the fact that CPS has been a very active research area in Europe for quite some time, they do not know any specifics about even the most important research. Part of the reason for this lack of knowledge is undoubtedly the fact that European researchers -- for the most part -- have been rather reluctant to publish their work in English-language journals. The book concentrates on European research because the basic approach European scholars have taken to studying CPS is very different from one taken by North American researchers. Traditionally, American scholars have been studying CPS in "natural" domains -- physics, reading, writing, and chess playing -- concentrating primarily on exploring novice-expert differences and the acquisition of a complex skill. European scholars, in contrast, have been primarily concerned with problem solving behavior in artificially generated, mostly computerized, complex systems. While the American approach has the advantage of high external validity, the European approach has the advantage of system variables that can be systematically manipulated to reveal the effects of system parameters on CPS behavior. The two approaches are thus best viewed as complementing each other. This volume contains contributions from four European countries -- Sweden, Switzerland, Great Britain, and Germany. As such, it accurately represents the bulk of empirical research on CPS which has been conducted in Europe. An international cooperation started two years ago with the goal of bringing the European research on complex problem solving to the awareness of American scholars. A direct result of that effort, the contributions to this book are both informative and comprehensive.

This volume presents a state-of-the-science review of the most promising current European research -- and its historic roots of research -- on complex problem solving (CPS) in Europe. It is an attempt to close the knowledge gap among American scholars regarding the European approach to understanding CPS. Although most of the American researchers are well aware of the fact that CPS has been a very active research area in Europe for quite some time, they do not know any specifics about even the most important research. Part of the reason for this lack of knowledge is undoubtedly the fact that European researchers -- for the most part -- have been rather reluctant to publish their work in English-language journals. The book concentrates on European research because the basic approach European scholars have taken to studying CPS is very different from one taken by North American researchers. Traditionally, American scholars have been studying CPS in "natural" domains -- physics, reading, writing, and chess playing -- concentrating primarily on exploring novice-expert differences and the acquisition of a complex skill. European scholars, in contrast, have been primarily concerned with problem solving behavior in artificially generated, mostly computerized, complex systems. While the American approach has the advantage of high external validity, the European approach has the advantage of system variables that can be systematically manipulated to reveal the effects of system parameters on CPS behavior. The two approaches are thus best viewed as complementing each other. This volume contains contributions from four European countries -- Sweden, Switzerland, Great Britain, and Germany. As such, it accurately represents the bulk of empirical research on CPS which has been conducted in Europe. An international cooperation started two years ago with the goal of bringing the European research on complex problem solving to the awareness of American scholars. A direct result of that effort, the contributions to this book are both informative and comprehensive.

This is the first of two volumes which together present the main contributions from the 29th International Congress of Psychology, held in Berlin in 2008, written by international leaders in psychology from around the world. The authors present a variety of approaches and perspectives that reflect cutting-edge advances in psychological science.Cognition and Neuropsychology is dedicated to summarizing and characterizing the current scientific research in three substantive content areas, (i) Perception, Attention, and Action, (ii) Social Cognition, and (iii) Learning, Memory and Development. While some of the contributions focus on relatively narrow areas of research, others adopt a much broader stance, trying to understand and explain many different facets of behaviour across widely differing situations. Some contributions even try to bridge the fundamental gap between behaviour and genetics. The final part contains two chapters that discuss fundamental general issues in psychology, such as the fate of mentalism and the significance of phenomenal analyses. All chapters offer fascinating insights into current theorizing on the mind, and are written by some of the best-known scholars of our time.This book will be an invaluable resource for researchers, professionals, teachers and students in the field of psychology.