Petri Ylikoski – författare

This book provides the first comprehensive and critical examination of Mäki’s realist philosophy of economics.

This book provides the first comprehensive and critical examination of Mäki’s realist philosophy of economics.

Realism in Action is a selection of essays written by leading representatives in the fields of action theory and philosophy of mind, philosophy of the social sciences and especially the nature of social action, and of epistemology and philosophy of science. Practical reason, reasons and causes in action theory, intending and trying, and folk-psychological explanation are some of the topics discussed by these leading participants. A particular emphasis is laid on trust, commitments and social institutions, on the possibility of grounding social notions in individual social attitudes, on the nature of social groups, institutions and collective intentionality, and on common belief and common knowledge. Applications to the social sciences include, e.g., a look at the Erklären-Verstehen controversy in economics, and at constructivist and realist views on archeological reconstructions of the past.

This volume is a product of the international research project Theory of Explanation, which was funded by the Joint Committee for Nordic Research Councils for the Humanities and the Social Sciences (NOS-HS). The project started in 2001 and operated for a period of three years by organizing a number of workshops on scientific explanation in Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland. The workshops included presentations by people involved in the project and by invited guests. Both groups are represented in this volume, which brings together some of the papers presented in these meetings. The central theme of the research project was scientific explanation, but it was approached from many different angles. This plurality of approaches is also visible in the present volume. The authors share a joint interest in explanation, but not the same theoretical or methodological assumptions. As a whole, this volume shows that, although the theory of explanation has been a major industry within philosophyof science, there are still both conceptual problems to be solved and fresh philosophical ideas to explore. The papers in this volume have been divided into two broad groups. Part 1 consists of papers dealing with general issues in the theory of explanation, while the papers in Part 2 focus on some more specific problems. Part 1: Theory of Explanation

This volume is a product of the international research project Theory of Explanation, which was funded by the Joint Committee for Nordic Research Councils for the Humanities and the Social Sciences (NOS-HS). The project started in 2001 and operated for a period of three years by organizing a number of workshops on scientific explanation in Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland. The workshops included presentations by people involved in the project and by invited guests. Both groups are represented in this volume, which brings together some of the papers presented in these meetings. The central theme of the research project was scientific explanation, but it was approached from many different angles. This plurality of approaches is also visible in the present volume. The authors share a joint interest in explanation, but not the same theoretical or methodological assumptions. As a whole, this volume shows that, although the theory of explanation has been a major industry within philosophyof science, there are still both conceptual problems to be solved and fresh philosophical ideas to explore. The papers in this volume have been divided into two broad groups. Part 1 consists of papers dealing with general issues in the theory of explanation, while the papers in Part 2 focus on some more specific problems. Part 1: Theory of Explanation

This open access book is about causal thinking and the use of causal language, with a focus on introducing philosophical ideas about causation to students and researchers of Social-Ecological  Systems (SES). It takes a systematic approach to three central topics: the meanings of different causal expressions, sufficiency of evidence for inferences from observations to causal relations, and how to handle the complexity of causal relations in social-ecological systems. Consequently, the book is divided into three parts. In the first part the authors analyse and discuss the use of causal idiom in ordinary language, and in the second part they scrutinise the use of causal concepts and causal inference in science. Finally, the authors discuss causal reasoning about social-ecological systems in multi- and interdisciplinary contexts.This book provides an analysis of the concept of causation useful in the empirical sciences, where causal notions and idioms  often are used without sufficient reflection. Empirical sciences often use causal idiom drawn from ordinary language, and similarly there is little formalisation of causal language and technical concepts in the humanities and social sciences. This book is a valuable resource for the application of current philosophical discussions about the concept of causation, in particular when applied to the analysis of social-ecological systems, but also when applied to research in the sciences and humanities.

Realism in Action is a selection of essays written by leading representatives in the fields of action theory and philosophy of mind, philosophy of the social sciences and especially the nature of social action, and of epistemology and philosophy of science. Practical reason, reasons and causes in action theory, intending and trying, and folk-psychological explanation are some of the topics discussed by these leading participants. A particular emphasis is laid on trust, commitments and social institutions, on the possibility of grounding social notions in individual social attitudes, on the nature of social groups, institutions and collective intentionality, and on common belief and common knowledge. Applications to the social sciences include, e.g., a look at the Erklären-Verstehen controversy in economics, and at constructivist and realist views on archeological reconstructions of the past.

This volume is a product of the international research project Theory of Explanation, which was funded by the Joint Committee for Nordic Research Councils for the Humanities and the Social Sciences (NOS-HS). The project started in 2001 and operated for a period of three years by organizing a number of workshops on scientific explanation in Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland. The workshops included presentations by people involved in the project and by invited guests. Both groups are represented in this volume, which brings together some of the papers presented in these meetings. The central theme of the research project was scientific explanation, but it was approached from many different angles. This plurality of approaches is also visible in the present volume. The authors share a joint interest in explanation, but not the same theoretical or methodological assumptions. As a whole, this volume shows that, although the theory of explanation has been a major industry within philosophyof science, there are still both conceptual problems to be solved and fresh philosophical ideas to explore. The papers in this volume have been divided into two broad groups. Part 1 consists of papers dealing with general issues in the theory of explanation, while the papers in Part 2 focus on some more specific problems. Part 1: Theory of Explanation

Realism in Action is a selection of essays written by leading representatives in the fields of action theory and philosophy of mind, philosophy of the social sciences and especially the nature of social action, and of epistemology and philosophy of science. Practical reason, reasons and causes in action theory, intending and trying, and folk-psychological explanation are some of the topics discussed by these leading participants. A particular emphasis is laid on trust, commitments and social institutions, on the possibility of grounding social notions in individual social attitudes, on the nature of social groups, institutions and collective intentionality, and on common belief and common knowledge. Applications to the social sciences include, e.g., a look at the Erklären-Verstehen controversy in economics, and at constructivist and realist views on archeological reconstructions of the past.

Yhteiskuntatieteissä tutkitaan sosiaalisten ilmiöiden syitä ja seurauksia. Kausaalinen järkeily on keskeinen osa alan tutkimusta tutkimusmenetelmistä ja -asetelmista riippumatta. Kausaalisuuden käsitettä, kausaalisuhteita, kausaalisia päätelmiä ja kausaalisia mekanismeja koskevien oletusten hahmottaminen on tärkeää alan tutkimuskäytäntöihin tutustuttaessa ja niitä kehitettäessä. Syistä selityksiin on ensimmäinen suomenkielinen yleisesitys kausaalisesta järkeilystä ja selittämisestä yhteiskuntatieteissä. Kirjassa tarkastellaan kausaliteetin merkitystä erilaisia tutkimusmenetelmiä käyttävissä yhteiskuntatieteellisissä tutkimuksissa. Teorioita, käsitteitä ja metodologisia näkemyksiä havainnollistetaan konkreettisilla esimerkeillä. Teos tarjoaa yhteiskuntatieteiden ja niiden filosofian opiskelijoille ja tutkijoille perustiedot kausaaliseen selittämiseen liittyvistä kysymyksistä.

Ihmisen mieli on yhä suuri arvoitus, vaikka sitä tutkitaan yhä useammilla menetelmillä ja erilaisista näkökulmista. Mielellä on monia puolia: se on ajattelua, havaintoja, päätöksentekoa, kokemuksia, tunteita ja vuorovaikutusta ympäröivän maailman ja muiden ihmisten kanssa. Mutta mikä on mielen ja aivotoimintojen suhde? Minkä verran rakastumista, tunteita tai alkoholiriippuvuutta voidaan selittää aivotapahtumilla? Miksi mieli järkkyy, ja miten sitä voi korjata? Entä miten voimme ymmärtää toisiamme ja maailmaa erilaisuudestamme huolimatta? Ihmisen mieli on kiehtova sukellus aiheeseen, joka on jokaiselle läheinen mutta silti tuntematon. Teoksessa luodaan ihmismielen toiminnasta kokonaiskuva aivotutkimuksen, psykiatrian, psykologian, filosofian, uskonto- ja yhteiskuntatieteen ja kulttuurintutkimuksen näkökulmista. Näin ylitetään ennakkoluulottomasti tieteiden rajat.

Mitä on tiede? Kuinka sitä voi tutkia? Kuinka ymmärtää puhe faktojen sosiaalisesta konstruktiosta tai havaintojen teoriapitoisuudesta? Mitä tieteenfilosofiassa on tapahtunut Thomas Kuhnin jälkeen? Tiede tutkimuskohteena on ensimmäinen suomenkielinen tieteentutkimuksen oppikirja. Se antaa käsitteellisiä välineitä tieteentutkimuksen ja -filosofian eri lähestymistapojen ja niiden tutkimustulosten ymmärtämiseen. Teos selvittää, miten voidaan tutkia esimerkiksi tieteellistä keksimistä, kokeentekemistä, tieteen popularisointia ja tieteen palkkiojärjestelmää. Tiede tutkimuskohteena auttaa ymmärtämään, mistä viime aikoina kiivaastikin käydyissä tiedekiistoissa on oikeastaan kysymys. Se myös selkiyttää tieteentutkimukseen liittyviä tietoteoreettisia kysymyksiä. Tiede tutkimuskohteena soveltuu erinomaisesti tieteenfilosofian ja -tutkimuksen oppikirjaksi ja on hyödyksi kaikille tieteestä kiinnostuneille.