Prakash Kashwan – författare

How do societies negotiate the apparently competing agendas of environmental protection and social justice? Why do some countries perform much better than others? Democracy in the Woods answers these questions by explaining the trajectories of forest and land rights--and the fate of forest-dependent peasants--in the forested regions of India, Tanzania, and Mexico. To organize a comparative inquiry that straddles the fields of comparative politics, historical institutionalism, and policy studies, this book develops a political economy of institutions framework. It shows that differences in structures of political intermediation--venues that help peasant groups and social movements engage in political and policy processes--explain the varying levels of success in combining the pursuits of social justice and environmental conservation. The book challenges the age-old notion that populist policies produce uniformly deleterious environmental consequences that must be mitigated via centralized systems of environmental regulation. It shows instead that the national leaders and dominant political parties that must compete for popular support in the political arena are more likely to fashion interventions that pursue conservation of forested landscapes without violating the rights of forest-dependent people. Mexico demonstrates the potential for win-win outcomes, India continues to stumble on both environmental and social questions despite longstanding traditions of popular mobilization for forestland rights, and Tanzania's government has failed its forest-dependent people despite a lucrative wildlife tourism sector. This book's political analysis of the control over and use of nature opens up new avenues for reflecting on nature in the Anthropocene.

How do societies negotiate the apparently competing agendas of environmental protection and social justice? Why do some countries perform much better than others on this front?Democracy in the Woods addresses these question by examining land rights conflicts--and the fate of forest-dependent peasants--in the context of the different forest property regimes in India, Tanzania, and Mexico. These three countries are prominent in the scholarship and policy debates about national forest policies and land conflicts associated with international support for nature conservation. This unique comparative study of national forestland regimes challenges the received wisdom that redistributive policies necessarily undermine the goals of environmental protection. It shows instead that the form that national environmental protection efforts take--either inclusive (as in Mexico) or exclusive (as in Tanzania and, for the most part, in India)--depends on whether dominant political parties are compelled to create structures of political intermediation that channel peasant demands for forest and land rights into the policy process. This book offers three different tests of this theory of political origins of forestland regimes. First, it explains why it took the Indian political elites nearly sixty years to introduce meaningful reforms of the colonial-era forestland regimes. Second, it successfully explains the rather counterintuitive local outcomes of the programs for formalization of land rights in India, Tanzania, and Mexico. Third, it provides a coherent explanation of why each of these three countries proposes a significantly different distribution of the benefits of forest-based climate change mitigation programs being developed under the auspices of the United Nations.In its political analysis of the control over and the use of nature, this book opens up new avenues for reflecting on how legacies of the past and international interventions interject into domestic political processes to produce specific configurations of environmental protection and social justice. Democracy in the Woods offers a theoretically rigorous argument about why and in what specific ways politics determine the prospects of a socially just and environmentally secure world.

Almost every day, we hear and see disturbing evidence of a growing climate crisis, and more often than not, the poor and marginalized suffer the most from hurricanes, wildfires, droughts, and flooding that grow increasingly more extreme. Climate Justice in the City spotlights the fight for climate justice mobilizing from the ground up in cities of the Global South, centering community environmental activism and local movements. With contributions from practitioners, artists, and scholars in environmental science, geography, economics, political science, art history, architecture, and sustainable design, this edited volume examines people's basic life needs and livelihoods where the climate crisis is most keenly experienced: from water scarcity to electricity outages, from shrinking greenspaces to constraints on mobility, from heat islands to faulty building design. Its essays focus on major Global South cities, such as Accra, Delhi, Cairo, Beijing and Buenos Aires, as well as pockets of the "South" in the North, such as New York City. These cities are marked by sharp inequalities in the social and environmental impacts of uneven urban development, which are aggravated by the climate crisis. Yet these cities also house initiatives at the forefront of climate-just solutions—ranging from street protests and social media campaigns, mutual-aid food kitchens and solidarity brigades, citizen-protected neighborhood parks, heat-reducing architecture interventions, bicycle-based urban mobility for women vendors, participatory climate plans, and Afro-Indigenous muralism.Offering an in-depth, accessible, and comparative analysis that draws on extended engagements with a diverse group of activists and scholars, Climate Justice in the City is a call to action for all, highlighting not only structural inequalities but also the solutions and community-based initiatives being mobilized from the ground up.

Almost every day, we hear and see disturbing evidence of a growing climate crisis, and more often than not, the poor and marginalized suffer the most from hurricanes, wildfires, droughts, and flooding that grow increasingly more extreme. Climate Justice in the City spotlights the fight for climate justice mobilizing from the ground up in cities of the Global South, centering community environmental activism and local movements. With contributions from practitioners, artists, and scholars in environmental science, geography, economics, political science, art history, architecture, and sustainable design, this edited volume examines people's basic life needs and livelihoods where the climate crisis is most keenly experienced: from water scarcity to electricity outages, from shrinking greenspaces to constraints on mobility, from heat islands to faulty building design. Its essays focus on major Global South cities, such as Accra, Delhi, Cairo, Beijing and Buenos Aires, as well as pockets of the "South" in the North, such as New York City. These cities are marked by sharp inequalities in the social and environmental impacts of uneven urban development, which are aggravated by the climate crisis. Yet these cities also house initiatives at the forefront of climate-just solutions—ranging from street protests and social media campaigns, mutual-aid food kitchens and solidarity brigades, citizen-protected neighborhood parks, heat-reducing architecture interventions, bicycle-based urban mobility for women vendors, participatory climate plans, and Afro-Indigenous muralism.Offering an in-depth, accessible, and comparative analysis that draws on extended engagements with a diverse group of activists and scholars, Climate Justice in the City is a call to action for all, highlighting not only structural inequalities but also the solutions and community-based initiatives being mobilized from the ground up.

Climate Justice in India brings together a collective of academics, activists, and artists to paint a collage of action-oriented visions for a climate just India. This unique and agenda setting volume informs researchers and readers interested in topics of just transition, energy democracy, intersectionality of access to drinking water, agroecology and women's land rights, national and state climate plans, urban policy, caste justice, and environmental and climate social movements in India. It synthesizes the historical, social, economic, and political roots of climate vulnerability in India and articulates a research and policy agenda for collective democratic deliberations and action. This crossover volume will be of interest to academics, researchers, social activists, policymakers, politicians, and a general reader looking for a comprehensive introduction to the unprecedented challenge of building a praxis of justice in a climate-changed world. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

This book explores the dominant framings and paradigms of environmental politics, the relationship between academic analysis and environmental politics, and reflects on the first thirty years of the journal, Environmental Politics.The book has two purposes. The first is to identify and discuss the key themes that have driven scholarship in the field of environmental politics over the last three decades, and to highlight how this has also led to oversights and silences, and the marginalisation of important forms of analysis and thought. As several chapters in the book explore, problem-solving frameworks have increasingly taken away space from more radical systemic challenge and critique, as the key themes of environmental politics have become ever more central to the field of politics as a whole – and as our understandings of social and environmental crisis become ever clearer and more urgent. The second purpose of the volume is to map out a series of new and developing agendas for environmental politics. The chapters in this volume focus foremost on questions of justice, materiality, and power. Discussing state violence, multispecies justice, epistemic injustice, the circular economy, NGOs, parties, green transition, and urban climate governance, they call above all for greater attention to intersectionality and interdisciplinarity, and for centering key insights about power relations and socio-economic inequalities into increasingly widespread, yet also often depoliticised, topics in the study of environmental politics.The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Environmental Politics.

This book explores the dominant framings and paradigms of environmental politics, the relationship between academic analysis and environmental politics, and reflects on the first thirty years of the journal, Environmental Politics.The book has two purposes. The first is to identify and discuss the key themes that have driven scholarship in the field of environmental politics over the last three decades, and to highlight how this has also led to oversights and silences, and the marginalisation of important forms of analysis and thought. As several chapters in the book explore, problem-solving frameworks have increasingly taken away space from more radical systemic challenge and critique, as the key themes of environmental politics have become ever more central to the field of politics as a whole – and as our understandings of social and environmental crisis become ever clearer and more urgent. The second purpose of the volume is to map out a series of new and developing agendas for environmental politics. The chapters in this volume focus foremost on questions of justice, materiality, and power. Discussing state violence, multispecies justice, epistemic injustice, the circular economy, NGOs, parties, green transition, and urban climate governance, they call above all for greater attention to intersectionality and interdisciplinarity, and for centering key insights about power relations and socio-economic inequalities into increasingly widespread, yet also often depoliticised, topics in the study of environmental politics.The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Environmental Politics.

We live in a moment rife with mixed emotions—existential anxieties about catastrophic climate change, presumptuous confidence in planet-hacking geoengineering technologies, and hopefulness of youth climate activism. Decolonizing Environmentalism helps us navigate these emotions and reimagine our approach to environmental stewardship.The authors cast a critical eye on wealthy and influential environmental groups that committed to anti-racist strategies in the wake of the racial awakening of 2020. Yet, they continue to embrace false solutions like carbon markets and biodiversity offsets, which carry deeply racialized consequences. By tracing the roots of these misplaced priorities to detrimental modernity steeped in colonialism and capitalism, the authors call for transformational changes in human-nature relationships. They distil lessons from the divestment movement, which has questioned the fossil fuel industry's moral standing, and food sovereignty activists, who have mobilized global civil society to hold agribusiness corporations accountable.Amidst calls for "apocalyptic optimism," Kashwan and Hasnain offer a radical vision grounded in intersectional ecofeminism, Indigenous sovereignty, and strategies honed in the trenches of transnational environmentalism. In these extraordinary times, Decolonizing Environmentalism invites readers to embark on a transformative journey to embrace anti-racist, emancipatory, and regenerative approaches to environmentalism.